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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmpls: Use rcu_dereference_rtnl() in mpls_route_input_rcu().\n\nAs syzbot reported [0], mpls_route_input_rcu() can be called\nfrom mpls_getroute(), where is under RTNL.\n\nnet-\u003empls.platform_label is only updated under RTNL.\n\nLet\u0027s use rcu_dereference_rtnl() in mpls_route_input_rcu() to\nsilence the splat.\n\n[0]:\nWARNING: suspicious RCU usage\n6.15.0-rc7-syzkaller-00082-g5cdb2c77c4c3 #0 Not tainted\n ----------------------------\nnet/mpls/af_mpls.c:84 suspicious rcu_dereference_check() usage!\n\nother info that might help us debug this:\n\nrcu_scheduler_active = 2, debug_locks = 1\n1 lock held by syz.2.4451/17730:\n #0: ffffffff9012a3e8 (rtnl_mutex){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: rtnl_lock net/core/rtnetlink.c:80 [inline]\n #0: ffffffff9012a3e8 (rtnl_mutex){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x371/0xe90 net/core/rtnetlink.c:6961\n\nstack backtrace:\nCPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 17730 Comm: syz.2.4451 Not tainted 6.15.0-rc7-syzkaller-00082-g5cdb2c77c4c3 #0 PREEMPT(full)\nHardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 05/07/2025\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline]\n dump_stack_lvl+0x16c/0x1f0 lib/dump_stack.c:120\n lockdep_rcu_suspicious+0x166/0x260 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:6865\n mpls_route_input_rcu+0x1d4/0x200 net/mpls/af_mpls.c:84\n mpls_getroute+0x621/0x1ea0 net/mpls/af_mpls.c:2381\n rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x3c9/0xe90 net/core/rtnetlink.c:6964\n netlink_rcv_skb+0x16d/0x440 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2534\n netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1313 [inline]\n netlink_unicast+0x53a/0x7f0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1339\n netlink_sendmsg+0x8d1/0xdd0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1883\n sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:712 [inline]\n __sock_sendmsg net/socket.c:727 [inline]\n ____sys_sendmsg+0xa98/0xc70 net/socket.c:2566\n ___sys_sendmsg+0x134/0x1d0 net/socket.c:2620\n __sys_sendmmsg+0x200/0x420 net/socket.c:2709\n __do_sys_sendmmsg net/socket.c:2736 [inline]\n __se_sys_sendmmsg net/socket.c:2733 [inline]\n __x64_sys_sendmmsg+0x9c/0x100 net/socket.c:2733\n do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]\n do_syscall_64+0xcd/0x230 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f\nRIP: 0033:0x7f0a2818e969\nCode: ff ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 40 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 \u003c48\u003e 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 a8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48\nRSP: 002b:00007f0a28f52038 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000133\nRAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f0a283b5fa0 RCX: 00007f0a2818e969\nRDX: 0000000000000003 RSI: 0000200000000080 RDI: 0000000000000003\nRBP: 00007f0a28210ab1 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000\nR10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000\nR13: 0000000000000000 R14: 00007f0a283b5fa0 R15: 00007ffce5e9f268\n \u003c/TASK\u003e"
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a060781640012d5d5105072f4c44ed6ad6830ef9"
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        },
        {
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      "title": "mpls: Use rcu_dereference_rtnl() in mpls_route_input_rcu().",
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    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:25:46.897Z",
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbtrfs: zoned: return EIO on RAID1 block group write pointer mismatch\n\nThere was a bug report about a NULL pointer dereference in\n__btrfs_add_free_space_zoned() that ultimately happens because a\nconversion from the default metadata profile DUP to a RAID1 profile on two\ndisks.\n\nThe stack trace has the following signature:\n\n  BTRFS error (device sdc): zoned: write pointer offset mismatch of zones in raid1 profile\n  BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000058\n  #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode\n  #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page\n  PGD 0 P4D 0\n  Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP NOPTI\n  RIP: 0010:__btrfs_add_free_space_zoned.isra.0+0x61/0x1a0\n  RSP: 0018:ffffa236b6f3f6d0 EFLAGS: 00010246\n  RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffff96c8132f3400 RCX: 0000000000000001\n  RDX: 0000000010000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: ffff96c8132f3410\n  RBP: 0000000010000000 R08: 0000000000000003 R09: 0000000000000000\n  R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 00000000ffffffff R12: 0000000000000000\n  R13: ffff96c758f65a40 R14: 0000000000000001 R15: 000011aac0000000\n  FS: 00007fdab1cb2900(0000) GS:ffff96e60ca00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000\n  CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033\n  CR2: 0000000000000058 CR3: 00000001a05ae000 CR4: 0000000000350ef0\n  Call Trace:\n  \u003cTASK\u003e\n  ? __die_body.cold+0x19/0x27\n  ? page_fault_oops+0x15c/0x2f0\n  ? exc_page_fault+0x7e/0x180\n  ? asm_exc_page_fault+0x26/0x30\n  ? __btrfs_add_free_space_zoned.isra.0+0x61/0x1a0\n  btrfs_add_free_space_async_trimmed+0x34/0x40\n  btrfs_add_new_free_space+0x107/0x120\n  btrfs_make_block_group+0x104/0x2b0\n  btrfs_create_chunk+0x977/0xf20\n  btrfs_chunk_alloc+0x174/0x510\n  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n  btrfs_inc_block_group_ro+0x1b1/0x230\n  btrfs_relocate_block_group+0x9e/0x410\n  btrfs_relocate_chunk+0x3f/0x130\n  btrfs_balance+0x8ac/0x12b0\n  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n  ? __kmalloc_cache_noprof+0x14c/0x3e0\n  btrfs_ioctl+0x2686/0x2a80\n  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n  ? ioctl_has_perm.constprop.0.isra.0+0xd2/0x120\n  __x64_sys_ioctl+0x97/0xc0\n  do_syscall_64+0x82/0x160\n  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n  ? __memcg_slab_free_hook+0x11a/0x170\n  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n  ? kmem_cache_free+0x3f0/0x450\n  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n  ? syscall_exit_to_user_mode+0x10/0x210\n  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n  ? do_syscall_64+0x8e/0x160\n  ? sysfs_emit+0xaf/0xc0\n  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n  ? seq_read_iter+0x207/0x460\n  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n  ? vfs_read+0x29c/0x370\n  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n  ? syscall_exit_to_user_mode+0x10/0x210\n  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n  ? do_syscall_64+0x8e/0x160\n  ? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f\n  ? exc_page_fault+0x7e/0x180\n  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e\n  RIP: 0033:0x7fdab1e0ca6d\n  RSP: 002b:00007ffeb2b60c80 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000010\n  RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000000003 RCX: 00007fdab1e0ca6d\n  RDX: 00007ffeb2b60d80 RSI: 00000000c4009420 RDI: 0000000000000003\n  RBP: 00007ffeb2b60cd0 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000013\n  R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000\n  R13: 00007ffeb2b6343b R14: 00007ffeb2b60d80 R15: 0000000000000001\n  \u003c/TASK\u003e\n  CR2: 0000000000000058\n  ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---\n\nThe 1st line is the most interesting here:\n\n BTRFS error (device sdc): zoned: write pointer offset mismatch of zones in raid1 profile\n\nWhen a RAID1 block-group is created and a write pointer mismatch between\nthe disks in the RAID set is detected, btrfs sets the alloc_offset to the\nlength of the block group marking it as full. Afterwards the code expects\nthat a balance operation will evacuate the data in this block-group and\nrepair the problems.\n\nBut before this is possible, the new space of this block-group will be\naccounted in the free space cache. But in __btrfs_\n---truncated---"
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      "providerMetadata": {
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      "references": [
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f4717a02cc422cf4bb2dbb280b154a1ae65c5f84"
        },
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b0c26f47992672661340dd6ea931240213016609"
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              "value": "AV:L - Exploitation requires local access to a comedi character device node (`/dev/comediN`) to issue `poll`/`epoll_ctl` and `COMEDI_DEVCONFIG` ioctls. There is no network-facing path into the comedi core.\nAC:L - With epoll the wait-queue registration persists indefinitely after `comedi_poll()` returns, so no race window has to be won \u2014 the attacker deterministically leaves a dangling entry on `\u0026s-\u003easync-\u003ewait_head` and controls when the freed object is dereferenced (`EPOLL_CTL_DEL`/`close`), leaving ample time to reclaim the freed slab.\nPR:L - `comedi_open()` imposes no capability check on an already-attached device, so an ordinary user with access to `/dev/comediN` \u2014 the standard configuration on DAQ/lab/industrial hosts where udev grants board access to a user group \u2014 can register the poll entry that becomes the dangling reference.\nUI:R - The free itself comes from `COMEDI_DEVCONFIG` (or driver teardown), which is gated on `capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN)` in the init user namespace, so a separate privileged user must perform the routine detach/reconfiguration that triggers the planted use-after-free.\nS:U - The corruption is confined to kernel heap memory managed by the same kernel security authority; no hypervisor, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The dangling `wait_queue_head_t` lets the attacker reclaim the freed `struct comedi_async` with a controlled object and read back kernel list pointers, and a working write primitive from the same UAF enables arbitrary kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - `remove_wait_queue()`/`ep_remove_wait_queue()` perform `spin_lock` and `list_del` on the freed, attacker-reclaimed memory, giving a classic unlink write of attacker-chosen pointers into attacker-chosen addresses \u2014 sufficient for privilege escalation.\nA:H - Even without successful exploitation the use-after-free on the wait queue head reliably corrupts the slab and oopses or panics the kernel, and it can be triggered repeatedly."
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ns390/ism: fix concurrency management in ism_cmd()\n\nThe s390x ISM device data sheet clearly states that only one\nrequest-response sequence is allowable per ISM function at any point in\ntime.  Unfortunately as of today the s390/ism driver in Linux does not\nhonor that requirement. This patch aims to rectify that.\n\nThis problem was discovered based on Aliaksei\u0027s bug report which states\nthat for certain workloads the ISM functions end up entering error state\n(with PEC 2 as seen from the logs) after a while and as a consequence\nconnections handled by the respective function break, and for future\nconnection requests the ISM device is not considered -- given it is in a\ndysfunctional state. During further debugging PEC 3A was observed as\nwell.\n\nA kernel message like\n[ 1211.244319] zpci: 061a:00:00.0: Event 0x2 reports an error for PCI function 0x61a\nis a reliable indicator of the stated function entering error state\nwith PEC 2. Let me also point out that a kernel message like\n[ 1211.244325] zpci: 061a:00:00.0: The ism driver bound to the device does not support error recovery\nis a reliable indicator that the ISM function won\u0027t be auto-recovered\nbecause the ISM driver currently lacks support for it.\n\nOn a technical level, without this synchronization, commands (inputs to\nthe FW) may be partially or fully overwritten (corrupted) by another CPU\ntrying to issue commands on the same function. There is hard evidence that\nthis can lead to DMB token values being used as DMB IOVAs, leading to\nPEC 2 PCI events indicating invalid DMA. But this is only one of the\nfailure modes imaginable. In theory even completely losing one command\nand executing another one twice and then trying to interpret the outputs\nas if the command we intended to execute was actually executed and not\nthe other one is also possible.  Frankly, I don\u0027t feel confident about\nproviding an exhaustive list of possible consequences."
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              "value": "AV:N - Every path into `ism_cmd()` is driven by the SMC protocol stack \u2014 a remote TCP peer connecting to an SMC-enabled listener causes `smc_listen_work` to issue ISM QUERY_RGID/ADD_VLAN_ID/REG_DMB commands using values from the peer\u0027s CLC Proposal, and closing the connection issues SIGNAL_IEQ/UNREG_DMB/DEL_VLAN_ID from the unserialized lgr-free work. The attacker never needs local access.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race by churning concurrent SMC-D connection setups and teardowns, which execute `ism_cmd()` in parallel on different CPUs (setup under `smc_*_lgr_pending`, teardown under no serialization at all). The commit confirms ordinary workloads already hit this \"after a while,\" so deliberate hammering is reliable.\nPR:N - The SMC CLC handshake has no authentication and `af_smc.c` contains no capability checks, so `smc_ism_cantalk()` reaches `ism_cmd()` with peer-supplied GID/CHID before any credential is ever presented. Locally the equivalent path needs only an unprivileged AF_SMC socket or `TCP_ULP=smc`.\nUI:N - Triggering requires only that the attacker open and close connections; no action by any local user or administrator is needed. The victim host merely has to have an ISM device and SMC-D in use, which is configuration, not interaction.\nS:U - The corrupted commands and misrouted DMB registrations affect resources managed by the same kernel/ISM-function security authority, and bad DMA is contained by the zPCI translation hardware. No hypervisor, LPAR, or IOMMU boundary is escaped.\nC:H - A response read back for the wrong command makes `ism_register_dmb()` store another command\u0027s `dmb_tok`, and that token is advertised to the remote peer in the CLC message, so the local socket ends up reading a different connection\u0027s DMB contents \u2014 cross-connection, cross-user, cross-LPAR payload disclosure. Corrupted `REG_DMB.rgid` similarly exposes a buffer to an unintended remote GID.\nI:H - With a misassigned DMB token the remote peer\u0027s ISM move writes application data directly into a different connection\u0027s receive buffer, and a corrupted `UNREG_DMB.dmb_tok` unregisters the wrong DMB in firmware while the driver\u0027s view diverges. The maintainer states commands may be partially overwritten or executed twice with outputs misinterpreted, and declines to bound the consequences.\nA:H - Command corruption puts the ISM PCI function into error state (PEC 2/3A), breaking every SMC-D connection on it, and the ISM driver implements no error recovery so the device is permanently excluded from future connections until manual intervention. This is a persistent denial of service affecting all users of the adapter."
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nipv6: mcast: Delay put pmc-\u003eidev in mld_del_delrec()\n\npmc-\u003eidev is still used in ip6_mc_clear_src(), so as mld_clear_delrec()\ndoes, the reference should be put after ip6_mc_clear_src() return."
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              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable `mld_del_delrec()` path is entered from IPv6 multicast socket options (`IPV6_ADD_MEMBERSHIP`/`MCAST_JOIN_GROUP`) via `ipv6_sock_mc_join()` \u2192 `__ipv6_dev_mc_inc()`, which requires a local socket and local syscall access. The secondary `ipv6_mc_up()` call site is likewise local (RTNL/admin), so no remote packet processing reaches this code directly.\nAC:L - The attacker deterministically creates the required state himself \u2014 join a group, drop it (creating the `mc_tomb` entry through `mld_add_delrec()` in the default MLDv2 mode), then rejoin \u2014 with no race to win and no memory-layout precondition outside his control. All steps are ordinary `setsockopt()` calls that succeed on the first try.\nPR:L - Only an unprivileged local account is needed; `ipv6_sock_mc_join()`/`ipv6_sock_mc_drop()` perform no capability check, and joining a global-scope IPv6 multicast group is permitted to any user holding an `AF_INET6` socket. No `CAP_NET_ADMIN` or root is required, and the path is equally available inside an unprivileged user namespace with a veth/dummy device.\nUI:N - The entire sequence is driven by the attacker\u0027s own socket calls in a single process. No victim action, no filesystem mount, and no administrator involvement is needed.\nS:U - The premature reference drop and its consequences are confined to the kernel\u0027s own `inet6_dev` allocation and the network namespace that owns it. No hypervisor, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed, so the vulnerable component and impacted component share one security authority.\nC:H - Dropping the `inet6_dev` reference before `ip6_mc_clear_src()` finishes using `pmc-\u003eidev` is a use-after-free pattern on a refcounted network structure; once the object can be reclaimed, an attacker who sprays the freed `inet6_dev` slab gains a read primitive over attacker-shaped heap contents and adjacent kernel data. Per the UAF guidance this warrants High rather than a bounded pointer leak.\nI:H - A use-after-free on `inet6_dev` gives the attacker control over the contents subsequently dereferenced through `pmc-\u003eidev`, including the `mc_lock`/list pointers reached from `mc_dereference()`, which is the standard basis for heap-spray-driven arbitrary write and control-flow hijack. Type-confused reuse of the freed slab makes kernel memory modification achievable rather than merely theoretical.\nA:H - If the released reference is the last one, the following `ip6_mc_clear_src()` operates on freed memory, producing an oops or panic and taking the whole kernel down. The trigger is a repeatable unprivileged `setsockopt()` loop, so the crash can be induced at will."
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndrm/nouveau: prime: fix ttm_bo_delayed_delete oops\n\nFix an oops in ttm_bo_delayed_delete which results from dererencing a\ndangling pointer:\n\nOops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0x6b6b6b6b6b6b6b7b: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP\nCPU: 4 UID: 0 PID: 1082 Comm: kworker/u65:2 Not tainted 6.14.0-rc4-00267-g505460b44513-dirty #216\nHardware name: LENOVO 82N6/LNVNB161216, BIOS GKCN65WW 01/16/2024\nWorkqueue: ttm ttm_bo_delayed_delete [ttm]\nRIP: 0010:dma_resv_iter_first_unlocked+0x55/0x290\nCode: 31 f6 48 c7 c7 00 2b fa aa e8 97 bd 52 ff e8 a2 c1 53 00 5a 85 c0 74 48 e9 88 01 00 00 4c 89 63 20 4d 85 e4 0f 84 30 01 00 00 \u003c41\u003e 8b 44 24 10 c6 43 2c 01 48 89 df 89 43 28 e8 97 fd ff ff 4c 8b\nRSP: 0018:ffffbf9383473d60 EFLAGS: 00010202\nRAX: 0000000000000001 RBX: ffffbf9383473d88 RCX: 0000000000000000\nRDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000000000000000\nRBP: ffffbf9383473d78 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000\nR10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 6b6b6b6b6b6b6b6b\nR13: ffffa003bbf78580 R14: ffffa003a6728040 R15: 00000000000383cc\nFS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffffa00991c00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000\nCS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033\nCR2: 0000758348024dd0 CR3: 000000012c259000 CR4: 0000000000f50ef0\nPKRU: 55555554\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n ? __die_body.cold+0x19/0x26\n ? die_addr+0x3d/0x70\n ? exc_general_protection+0x159/0x460\n ? asm_exc_general_protection+0x27/0x30\n ? dma_resv_iter_first_unlocked+0x55/0x290\n dma_resv_wait_timeout+0x56/0x100\n ttm_bo_delayed_delete+0x69/0xb0 [ttm]\n process_one_work+0x217/0x5c0\n worker_thread+0x1c8/0x3d0\n ? apply_wqattrs_cleanup.part.0+0xc0/0xc0\n kthread+0x10b/0x240\n ? kthreads_online_cpu+0x140/0x140\n ret_from_fork+0x40/0x70\n ? kthreads_online_cpu+0x140/0x140\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20\n \u003c/TASK\u003e\n\nThe cause of this is:\n\n- drm_prime_gem_destroy calls dma_buf_put(dma_buf) which releases the\n  reference to the shared dma_buf. The reference count is 0, so the\n  dma_buf is destroyed, which in turn decrements the corresponding\n  amdgpu_bo reference count to 0, and the amdgpu_bo is destroyed -\n  calling drm_gem_object_release then dma_resv_fini (which destroys the\n  reservation object), then finally freeing the amdgpu_bo.\n\n- nouveau_bo obj-\u003ebo.base.resv is now a dangling pointer to the memory\n  formerly allocated to the amdgpu_bo.\n\n- nouveau_gem_object_del calls ttm_bo_put(\u0026nvbo-\u003ebo) which calls\n  ttm_bo_release, which schedules ttm_bo_delayed_delete.\n\n- ttm_bo_delayed_delete runs and dereferences the dangling resv pointer,\n  resulting in a general protection fault.\n\nFix this by moving the drm_prime_gem_destroy call from\nnouveau_gem_object_del to nouveau_bo_del_ttm. This ensures that it will\nbe run after ttm_bo_delayed_delete."
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              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerability is reached through DRM ioctls (`DRM_IOCTL_PRIME_FD_TO_HANDLE`, `GEM_CLOSE`) on a local `/dev/dri/renderD*` device node, requiring local system access. There is no network-facing path to nouveau\u0027s PRIME import code.\nAC:L - This is not a race \u2014 `drm_prime_gem_destroy()` frees the exporter\u0027s `dma_resv` strictly before `ttm_bo_put()`, and because imported nouveau BOs are always `ttm_bo_type_sg`, `ttm_bo_release()` unconditionally schedules the delayed-delete worker that dereferences the dangling pointer. The attacker fully controls the dma_buf refcount ordering, making the use-after-free 100% reproducible on demand.\nPR:L - Only access to a DRM render node is needed, which any local unprivileged user with a graphical session (logind ACL) or `render`-group membership has, and which is world-writable (0666) on many distros, Android, and embedded systems; render nodes are also routinely exposed inside containers and Flatpak sandboxes. The entire path \u2014 PRIME import, buffer close \u2014 consists of `DRM_RENDER_ALLOW` operations with no capability, master, or auth check.\nUI:N - The attacker performs every step itself \u2014 export a dma-buf, import it into nouveau, drop the exporter reference, then close the nouveau handle. No victim action or interaction is required.\nS:U - The freed memory and the resulting corruption are both within the kernel\u0027s own security authority, with no crossing of a VM, IOMMU, or hypervisor boundary. Standard kernel-level compromise keeps scope Unchanged.\nC:H - The delayed-delete worker reads the fence list pointer and fence table entries out of freed, attacker-groomable slab memory, giving an arbitrary-read/kernel-pointer-disclosure primitive. Use-after-free of a reallocatable object allows the attacker to control the contents that are dereferenced and leak kernel memory.\nI:H - After reallocating the freed exporter BO, the attacker controls the `dma_resv` contents, reaching `fence-\u003eops-\u003ewait(...)` \u2014 an indirect call through a fully attacker-controlled function pointer \u2014 plus `dma_fence_get_rcu_safe()` refcount increments and `ww_mutex` list manipulation on freed memory. That constitutes a control-flow hijack / arbitrary-write path to full kernel compromise.\nA:H - In the unexploited case the bug deterministically produces a general protection fault in the `ttm` workqueue kthread, as shown in the reported oops, killing the worker and wedging TTM buffer teardown for the whole system. Any local user can trigger this kernel crash repeatedly at will."
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      "title": "drm/nouveau: prime: fix ttm_bo_delayed_delete oops",
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            "drivers/net/ethernet/wangxun/libwx/wx_lib.c"
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        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet: libwx: properly reset Rx ring descriptor\n\nWhen device reset is triggered by feature changes such as toggling Rx\nVLAN offload, wx-\u003edo_reset() is called to reinitialize Rx rings. The\nhardware descriptor ring may retain stale values from previous sessions.\nAnd only set the length to 0 in rx_desc[0] would result in building\nmalformed SKBs. Fix it to ensure a clean slate after device reset.\n\n[  549.186435] [     C16] ------------[ cut here ]------------\n[  549.186457] [     C16] kernel BUG at net/core/skbuff.c:2814!\n[  549.186468] [     C16] Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI\n[  549.186472] [     C16] CPU: 16 UID: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/16 Kdump: loaded Not tainted 6.16.0-rc4+ #23 PREEMPT(voluntary)\n[  549.186476] [     C16] Hardware name: Micro-Star International Co., Ltd. MS-7E16/X670E GAMING PLUS WIFI (MS-7E16), BIOS 1.90 12/31/2024\n[  549.186478] [     C16] RIP: 0010:__pskb_pull_tail+0x3ff/0x510\n[  549.186484] [     C16] Code: 06 f0 ff 4f 34 74 7b 4d 8b 8c 24 c8 00 00 00 45 8b 84 24 c0 00 00 00 e9 c8 fd ff ff 48 c7 44 24 08 00 00 00 00 e9 5e fe ff ff \u003c0f\u003e 0b 31 c0 e9 23 90 5b ff 41 f7 c6 ff 0f 00 00 75 bf 49 8b 06 a8\n[  549.186487] [     C16] RSP: 0018:ffffb391c0640d70 EFLAGS: 00010282\n[  549.186490] [     C16] RAX: 00000000fffffff2 RBX: ffff8fe7e4d40200 RCX: 00000000fffffff2\n[  549.186492] [     C16] RDX: ffff8fe7c3a4bf8e RSI: 0000000000000180 RDI: ffff8fe7c3a4bf40\n[  549.186494] [     C16] RBP: ffffb391c0640da8 R08: ffff8fe7c3a4c0c0 R09: 000000000000000e\n[  549.186496] [     C16] R10: ffffb391c0640d88 R11: 000000000000000e R12: ffff8fe7e4d40200\n[  549.186497] [     C16] R13: 00000000fffffff2 R14: ffff8fe7fa01a000 R15: 00000000fffffff2\n[  549.186499] [     C16] FS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff8fef5ae40000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000\n[  549.186502] [     C16] CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033\n[  549.186503] [     C16] CR2: 00007f77d81d6000 CR3: 000000051a032000 CR4: 0000000000750ef0\n[  549.186505] [     C16] PKRU: 55555554\n[  549.186507] [     C16] Call Trace:\n[  549.186510] [     C16]  \u003cIRQ\u003e\n[  549.186513] [     C16]  ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5\n[  549.186517] [     C16]  __skb_pad+0xc7/0xf0\n[  549.186523] [     C16]  wx_clean_rx_irq+0x355/0x3b0 [libwx]\n[  549.186533] [     C16]  wx_poll+0x92/0x120 [libwx]\n[  549.186540] [     C16]  __napi_poll+0x28/0x190\n[  549.186544] [     C16]  net_rx_action+0x301/0x3f0\n[  549.186548] [     C16]  ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5\n[  549.186551] [     C16]  ? __raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x1e/0x50\n[  549.186554] [     C16]  ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5\n[  549.186557] [     C16]  ? wake_up_nohz_cpu+0x35/0x160\n[  549.186559] [     C16]  ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5\n[  549.186563] [     C16]  handle_softirqs+0xf9/0x2c0\n[  549.186568] [     C16]  __irq_exit_rcu+0xc7/0x130\n[  549.186572] [     C16]  common_interrupt+0xb8/0xd0\n[  549.186576] [     C16]  \u003c/IRQ\u003e\n[  549.186577] [     C16]  \u003cTASK\u003e\n[  549.186579] [     C16]  asm_common_interrupt+0x22/0x40\n[  549.186582] [     C16] RIP: 0010:cpuidle_enter_state+0xc2/0x420\n[  549.186585] [     C16] Code: 00 00 e8 11 0e 5e ff e8 ac f0 ff ff 49 89 c5 0f 1f 44 00 00 31 ff e8 0d ed 5c ff 45 84 ff 0f 85 40 02 00 00 fb 0f 1f 44 00 00 \u003c45\u003e 85 f6 0f 88 84 01 00 00 49 63 d6 48 8d 04 52 48 8d 04 82 49 8d\n[  549.186587] [     C16] RSP: 0018:ffffb391c0277e78 EFLAGS: 00000246\n[  549.186590] [     C16] RAX: ffff8fef5ae40000 RBX: 0000000000000003 RCX: 0000000000000000\n[  549.186591] [     C16] RDX: 0000007fde0faac5 RSI: ffffffff826e53f6 RDI: ffffffff826fa9b3\n[  549.186593] [     C16] RBP: ffff8fe7c3a20800 R08: 0000000000000002 R09: 0000000000000000\n[  549.186595] [     C16] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 000000000000ffff R12: ffffffff82ed7a40\n[  549.186596] [     C16] R13: 0000007fde0faac5 R14: 0000000000000003 R15: 0000000000000000\n[  549.186601] [     C16]  ? cpuidle_enter_state+0xb3/0x420\n[  549.186605] [     C16]  cpuidle_en\n---truncated---"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
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          "scenarios": [
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              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerability is armed by a local device reset triggered through ethtool (`ethtool -K rxvlan`, `-C rx-usecs`, `-L`) reaching `wx_set_features()`/`wx_set_rx_itr()` \u2192 `txgbe_do_reset()`; no remote peer can induce a ring reinitialization since the driver has no `ndo_tx_timeout` or other packet-driven reset path.\nAC:L - The condition is fully deterministic: after every reset, descriptor 0 always retains its stale `DD|EOP` writeback because `wx_alloc_rx_buffers()` clears `status_error` only after incrementing past it and the ring is never zeroed, so the first NAPI poll after the reset processes the bogus descriptor with no race, timing window, or memory-layout dependency.\nPR:L - The triggering ethtool set-operations are gated by `ns_capable(net-\u003euser_ns, CAP_NET_ADMIN)` and `GENL_UNS_ADMIN_PERM`, i.e. namespaced capabilities, so an unprivileged user who is root in a user namespace owning the netns that holds the interface (a routine SR-IOV/delegated-NIC container setup) can perform the feature toggle.\nUI:N - The attacker performs the feature toggle themselves and the corrupted descriptor is consumed automatically by the NAPI poll on the next received frame; no separate victim has to mount, open, or launch anything.\nS:U - The wild-pointer read, the malformed skb, and the resulting BUG() all occur within the kernel that owns the driver and the network stack; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - `wx_pull_tail()` runs on an skb with `nr_frags == 0`, dereferencing an uninitialized `skb_shinfo()-\u003efrags[0]` and copying up to 256 bytes from an arbitrary kernel address into the skb\u0027s linear data, which is then handed to `napi_gro_receive()` for delivery to local sockets or forwarding onto the wire; the resulting `skb_headlen()` (74) also exceeds the real 60 bytes of data, giving further out-of-bounds reads.\nI:H - `skb-\u003edata_len -= pull_len` underflows to 0xfffffff2 and `skb_frag_size_sub()` writes through the garbage frag descriptor, so an skb whose `len`/`data_len`/`headlen` are mutually inconsistent is injected into the network stack, where the resulting size arithmetic drives out-of-bounds copies \u2014 kernel memory corruption at addresses the driver does not own.\nA:H - The commit message documents the concrete outcome: `kernel BUG at net/core/skbuff.c:2814` in `__pskb_pull_tail()` from `__skb_pad()` in `wx_clean_rx_irq()`, an unrecoverable panic in softirq context, and the wild frag pointer can independently fault on an unmapped address."
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