CVE-2025-37998 (GCVE-0-2025-37998)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2025-05-29 13:15
Modified
2026-08-05 11:58
Severity ?
7.8 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: openvswitch: Fix unsafe attribute parsing in output_userspace() This patch replaces the manual Netlink attribute iteration in output_userspace() with nla_for_each_nested(), which ensures that only well-formed attributes are processed.
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Version: ccb1352e76cff0524e7ccb2074826a092dd13016
Version: ccb1352e76cff0524e7ccb2074826a092dd13016
Version: ccb1352e76cff0524e7ccb2074826a092dd13016
Version: ccb1352e76cff0524e7ccb2074826a092dd13016
Version: ccb1352e76cff0524e7ccb2074826a092dd13016
Version: ccb1352e76cff0524e7ccb2074826a092dd13016
Version: ccb1352e76cff0524e7ccb2074826a092dd13016
Version: ccb1352e76cff0524e7ccb2074826a092dd13016
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          "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T19:58:12.202Z",
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          },
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            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/08/msg00010.html"
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nopenvswitch: Fix unsafe attribute parsing in output_userspace()\n\nThis patch replaces the manual Netlink attribute iteration in\noutput_userspace() with nla_for_each_nested(), which ensures that only\nwell-formed attributes are processed."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The malformed action must be installed through the openvswitch generic-netlink interface (OVS_PACKET_CMD_EXECUTE or OVS_FLOW_CMD_NEW), which requires a local netlink socket. A remote peer\u0027s packets cannot introduce malformed attributes, since the datapath\u0027s action list is written only by local userspace.\nAC:L - Exploitation is fully deterministic \u2014 the attacker crafts a nested attribute with nla_len of 0, 1-3, or 0xFFFF and executes it; there is no race and no dependence on memory layout to trigger the loop or the OOB copy. Liberal netlink validation accepts the malformed trailer unconditionally.\nPR:L - The OVS genl ops use GENL_UNS_ADMIN_PERM with .netnsok = true, i.e. netlink_ns_capable(skb, net-\u003euser_ns, CAP_NET_ADMIN), so an ordinary unprivileged user obtains the needed capability via `unshare -Urn` and creates their own datapath. No real root in the init namespace is required.\nUI:N - The attacker installs the action and triggers execution entirely from their own process via netlink; no victim action or cooperating process is involved.\nS:U - The corruption and disclosure are confined to the kernel that the attacker is already interacting with \u2014 standard local kernel compromise with no crossing into a hypervisor, IOMMU, or other security authority.\nC:H - A USERDATA attribute with nla_len 0xFFFF makes queue_userspace_packet() copy ~64KB from beyond the \u226432KB sw_flow_actions allocation directly into the upcall netlink message sent to the attacker\u0027s own socket, yielding a repeatable arbitrary-offset kernel heap read that defeats KASLR and leaks adjacent object contents.\nI:H - A USERDATA attribute with nla_len of 1-3 makes nla_len() negative, and queue_userspace_packet() uses __nla_put() with no tailroom check, so memcpy() is invoked with a size_t of ~2^64 \u2014 an unbounded out-of-bounds write past the skb constituting severe heap memory corruption.\nA:H - An attribute with nla_len == 0 makes NLA_ALIGN(0) == 0, so nla_next() neither advances the pointer nor decrements rem, hanging the CPU in an infinite loop inside the packet-processing path with RCU read lock held; the wild memcpy and OOB read paths additionally produce immediate oops/panic."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:58:50.276Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6712dc21506738f5f22b4f68b7c0d9e0df819dbd"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/06b4f110c79716c181a8c5da007c259807840232"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/47f7f00cf2fa3137d5c0416ef1a71bdf77901395"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bca8df998cce1fead8cbc69144862eadc2e34c87"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0236742bd959332181c1fcc41a05b7b709180501"
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ec334aaab74705cc515205e1da3cb369fdfd93cd"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4fa672cbce9c86c3efb8621df1ae580d47813430"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6beb6835c1fbb3f676aebb51a5fee6b77fed9308"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-25-307/"
        }
      ],
      "title": "openvswitch: Fix unsafe attribute parsing in output_userspace()",
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  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-37998",
    "datePublished": "2025-05-29T13:15:56.197Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:23.976Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:58:50.276Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}


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