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              "value": "AV:L - The race is closed by a local `close(fd)` on a sockmap-enrolled socket concurrent with the BPF backlog worker; while remote peer data drives the backlog side, the attacker must be local to control the socket lifetime. BPF/sockmap is Local per kernel scoring guidance.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race \u2014 it generates the redirected traffic that schedules `sk_psock_backlog()` and picks the `close()` timing \u2014 and can repeat the attempt in a tight loop until it wins. No condition outside its influence is required.\nPR:L - An unprivileged local process suffices in the real deployments of this feature (Cilium/Istio sockops redirect, BPF-token-delegated containers), where a privileged agent enrols workload sockets into the sockmap and the attacker only needs to send/redirect data and close its own fd.\nUI:N - No victim action is needed; the attacker drives both the traffic and the close from its own process.\nS:U - The use-after-free and any resulting corruption remain within the kernel\u0027s own security authority, with no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary crossed.\nC:H - Use-after-free on `struct socket` \u2014 the freed object can be resprayed from `sock_inode_cachep`, causing redirected payload to be transmitted through a stale/attacker-influenced socket and permitting kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - `security_socket_sendmsg()` and `READ_ONCE(sock-\u003eops)-\u003esendmsg` dereference and indirect-call through a pointer loaded from freed memory, giving a control-flow hijack primitive once the freed `struct socket` is reclaimed with attacker-groomed contents.\nA:H - The maintainer reproduced a general-protection fault in `sock_sendmsg()` from the `sk_psock_backlog` workqueue; the NULLed `sock-\u003eops` alone guarantees a fatal kernel oops in worker context."
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              "value": "AV:L - The race is armed by locally bringing the wireless interface down (`ip link set wlan0 down` \u2192 `ieee80211_stop()` \u2192 `ieee80211_do_stop()` \u2192 `drv_stop()` \u2192 `rtl8187_stop()`) while local TX traffic keeps URBs in flight; no received 802.11 frame or routable packet can invoke the driver\u0027s stop callback, so an adjacent or remote peer cannot reach the vulnerable path.\nAC:L - The attacker owns both sides of the race \u2014 they flood the TX path to keep more than five entries in `b_tx_status.queue` (the exact precondition for the racing `skb_dequeue()` in `rtl8187_tx_cb()`\u0027s drain loop) and then issue the interface-down, repeating the up/down cycle indefinitely until the window between the drain loop and `usb_kill_anchored_urbs()` is hit; `CONFIG_RTL8187` is a stock distro module, so no rare configuration is required.\nPR:L - Bringing the interface down requires CAP_NET_ADMIN over the network namespace owning the netdev, which an unprivileged user holds via `unshare -Ur` once the wiphy has been delegated into a container netns \u2014 the same reasoning applied to mac80211 configuration paths in CVE-2025-38642; on desktop deployments polkit additionally lets an active unprivileged session toggle WiFi through NetworkManager.\nUI:N - The attacker performs both the traffic generation and the interface down/up cycle themselves; no victim needs to open a file, mount anything, or take any other action.\nS:U - The freed/NULL sk_buff is dereferenced in the host kernel\u0027s own driver and mac80211 context, with no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary crossed.\nC:H - The fix exists to stop URB completion callbacks from consuming skbs already released by `dev_kfree_skb_any()`; a freed `struct sk_buff` reallocated by a concurrent attacker-controlled allocation supplies the `ieee80211_hw *` read from `info-\u003erate_driver_data[0]` and is then relinked into mac80211\u0027s status queues, yielding a controlled kernel-pointer dereference and read primitive.\nI:H - The same use-after-free window lets a sprayed replacement object drive `hw-\u003epriv` and the subsequent `ieee80211_tx_status_irqsafe()` queueing, and skbs re-queued by `rtl8187_tx_cb()` after the drain are later freed again, giving double-free and heap-corruption primitives exploitable for control-flow hijack.\nA:H - The reproduced impact on real RTL8187BvE hardware is a kernel oops from `ieee80211_tx_status_irqsafe()` dereferencing a NULL skb inside the USB giveback BH, which kills the softirq worker and wedges the WLAN device, and becomes a full panic on systems with `panic_on_oops`; the attacker can re-trigger it at will."
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            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:H",
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              "value": "AV:L - The only trigger is `mount(2)` of a crafted f2fs image whose superblock `devs[].path` is a full 64 bytes with no terminator (`get_tree_bdev` \u2192 `f2fs_fill_super` \u2192 `f2fs_scan_devices`), and the resulting disclosure is read back locally via `/proc/fs/f2fs/\u003cdev\u003e/disk_map`. No network or peer-supplied data reaches this code; between Physical (removable media) and Local, the higher-severity Local applies.\nAC:L - The attacker fully controls the on-disk `f2fs_device.path[64]` bytes and the adjacent `total_segments` value, so filling the path completely deterministically leaves `sbi-\u003edevs[i].path` unterminated on every mount \u2014 exactly as the reporter demonstrated. There is no race, no memory-layout guessing, and the trailing struct fields (`start_blk`/`end_blk`) are deterministically derived from segment counts the attacker chooses.\nPR:N - The attacker needs no account or privileges on the victim system \u2014 only delivery of a malicious f2fs image on an SD card, USB stick, or disk image that a privileged auto-mount daemon (Android vold, udisks2) or administrator later processes, which is the most severe reasonable scenario for f2fs given its role as the standard Android/removable-media filesystem.\nUI:R - f2fs does not set `FS_USERNS_MOUNT`, so mounting requires `CAP_SYS_ADMIN` in the initial user namespace; the crafted image therefore reaches the vulnerable code only when a victim inserts the media or mounts the image, and that mount action constitutes user interaction.\nS:U - The over-read, the leaked slab contents, and any resulting fault all remain within the kernel\u0027s own security authority on the host performing the mount; no VM, container, or IOMMU boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The unterminated string is read until an arbitrary in-memory NUL, so the length is determined by heap contents rather than by any bound: the over-read spills into `total_segments`/`start_blk`/`end_blk`, into `nr_blkz` and the `blkz_seq` kernel heap pointer on zoned devices, and past the end of the `kzalloc`\u0027d `f2fs_dev_info` array at its last element. Those bytes are printed verbatim into dmesg and exported through the world-readable 0444 `/proc/fs/f2fs/\u003cdev\u003e/disk_map`, so adjacent slab data and a kernel heap pointer (defeating KASLR) are disclosed to unprivileged userspace and can be re-read at will.\nI:L - The mis-parsed string is handed to `bdev_file_open_by_path()`, so f2fs can attach to and write filesystem data onto a block device whose path exceeds the 64-byte on-disk field \u2014 a target the format otherwise cannot name \u2014 corrupting that device\u0027s contents. There is no out-of-bounds write or attacker-controlled store, so the modification is limited rather than arbitrary.\nA:H - The strlen/vsnprintf walk past the end of the slab object faults hard on hardened configurations (KFENCE guard page, `panic_on_warn` with a KASAN slab-out-of-bounds report) and can read into unmapped memory at a slab-page boundary, oopsing the mounting task. Even without a fault, the mis-parsed device path aborts the mount with \"Failed to find devices\", leaving the volume \u2014 typically the device\u0027s primary Android/SD-card storage \u2014 unusable."
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nhfsplus: fix slab-out-of-bounds read in hfsplus_uni2asc()\n\nThe hfsplus_readdir() method is capable to crash by calling\nhfsplus_uni2asc():\n\n[  667.121659][ T9805] ==================================================================\n[  667.122651][ T9805] BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in hfsplus_uni2asc+0x902/0xa10\n[  667.123627][ T9805] Read of size 2 at addr ffff88802592f40c by task repro/9805\n[  667.124578][ T9805]\n[  667.124876][ T9805] CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 9805 Comm: repro Not tainted 6.16.0-rc3 #1 PREEMPT(full)\n[  667.124886][ T9805] Hardware name: QEMU Ubuntu 24.04 PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014\n[  667.124890][ T9805] Call Trace:\n[  667.124893][ T9805]  \u003cTASK\u003e\n[  667.124896][ T9805]  dump_stack_lvl+0x10e/0x1f0\n[  667.124911][ T9805]  print_report+0xd0/0x660\n[  667.124920][ T9805]  ? __virt_addr_valid+0x81/0x610\n[  667.124928][ T9805]  ? __phys_addr+0xe8/0x180\n[  667.124934][ T9805]  ? hfsplus_uni2asc+0x902/0xa10\n[  667.124942][ T9805]  kasan_report+0xc6/0x100\n[  667.124950][ T9805]  ? hfsplus_uni2asc+0x902/0xa10\n[  667.124959][ T9805]  hfsplus_uni2asc+0x902/0xa10\n[  667.124966][ T9805]  ? hfsplus_bnode_read+0x14b/0x360\n[  667.124974][ T9805]  hfsplus_readdir+0x845/0xfc0\n[  667.124984][ T9805]  ? __pfx_hfsplus_readdir+0x10/0x10\n[  667.124994][ T9805]  ? stack_trace_save+0x8e/0xc0\n[  667.125008][ T9805]  ? iterate_dir+0x18b/0xb20\n[  667.125015][ T9805]  ? trace_lock_acquire+0x85/0xd0\n[  667.125022][ T9805]  ? lock_acquire+0x30/0x80\n[  667.125029][ T9805]  ? iterate_dir+0x18b/0xb20\n[  667.125037][ T9805]  ? down_read_killable+0x1ed/0x4c0\n[  667.125044][ T9805]  ? putname+0x154/0x1a0\n[  667.125051][ T9805]  ? __pfx_down_read_killable+0x10/0x10\n[  667.125058][ T9805]  ? apparmor_file_permission+0x239/0x3e0\n[  667.125069][ T9805]  iterate_dir+0x296/0xb20\n[  667.125076][ T9805]  __x64_sys_getdents64+0x13c/0x2c0\n[  667.125084][ T9805]  ? __pfx___x64_sys_getdents64+0x10/0x10\n[  667.125091][ T9805]  ? __x64_sys_openat+0x141/0x200\n[  667.125126][ T9805]  ? __pfx_filldir64+0x10/0x10\n[  667.125134][ T9805]  ? do_user_addr_fault+0x7fe/0x12f0\n[  667.125143][ T9805]  do_syscall_64+0xc9/0x480\n[  667.125151][ T9805]  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f\n[  667.125158][ T9805] RIP: 0033:0x7fa8753b2fc9\n[  667.125164][ T9805] Code: 00 c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 48\n[  667.125172][ T9805] RSP: 002b:00007ffe96f8e0f8 EFLAGS: 00000217 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000d9\n[  667.125181][ T9805] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 00007fa8753b2fc9\n[  667.125185][ T9805] RDX: 0000000000000400 RSI: 00002000000063c0 RDI: 0000000000000004\n[  667.125190][ T9805] RBP: 00007ffe96f8e110 R08: 00007ffe96f8e110 R09: 00007ffe96f8e110\n[  667.125195][ T9805] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000217 R12: 0000556b1e3b4260\n[  667.125199][ T9805] R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000\n[  667.125207][ T9805]  \u003c/TASK\u003e\n[  667.125210][ T9805]\n[  667.145632][ T9805] Allocated by task 9805:\n[  667.145991][ T9805]  kasan_save_stack+0x20/0x40\n[  667.146352][ T9805]  kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30\n[  667.146717][ T9805]  __kasan_kmalloc+0xaa/0xb0\n[  667.147065][ T9805]  __kmalloc_noprof+0x205/0x550\n[  667.147448][ T9805]  hfsplus_find_init+0x95/0x1f0\n[  667.147813][ T9805]  hfsplus_readdir+0x220/0xfc0\n[  667.148174][ T9805]  iterate_dir+0x296/0xb20\n[  667.148549][ T9805]  __x64_sys_getdents64+0x13c/0x2c0\n[  667.148937][ T9805]  do_syscall_64+0xc9/0x480\n[  667.149291][ T9805]  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f\n[  667.149809][ T9805]\n[  667.150030][ T9805] The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff88802592f000\n[  667.150030][ T9805]  which belongs to the cache kmalloc-2k of size 2048\n[  667.151282][ T9805] The buggy address is located 0 bytes to the right of\n[  667.151282][ T9805]  allocated 1036-byte region [ffff88802592f000, ffff88802592f40c)\n[  667.1\n---truncated---"
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      "metrics": [
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          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.1,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
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              "value": "AV:L - The bug is reached only by mounting an attacker-authored HFS+ volume (loop-backed image or removable media) and then issuing ordinary local syscalls \u2014 `getdents64(2)` via `hfsplus_readdir()` or `listxattr(2)` via `hfsplus_listxattr()`. There is no network-facing consumer of fs/hfsplus/unicode.c.\nAC:L - The overread length is the raw 16-bit `hfsplus_unistr.length` field the attacker writes into the Catalog/Attributes b-tree node, so a single purpose-built image triggers it deterministically on the first `readdir`, with no race, timing window, or memory-layout precondition outside the attacker\u0027s control. Adjacent kmalloc-2k contents can be groomed by repeated allocations before the directory read.\nPR:L - hfsplus is FS_REQUIRES_DEV without FS_USERNS_MOUNT, so a bare mount(2) needs CAP_SYS_ADMIN, but in the most severe reasonable deployment an unprivileged local user routinely gets a crafted HFS+ image mounted through udisks2 loop-setup, desktop/kiosk removable-media automounters, or `user`/autofs fstab delegation. Once mounted, the getdents64 or listxattr that fires the overread requires no privilege at all.\nUI:N - The attacker performs every step personally \u2014 presents the crafted volume, which an automounter consumes with no human action, and then runs the directory read itself. No second victim user has to be induced into any action.\nS:U - The out-of-bounds access occurs in HFS+ unicode conversion inside the kernel and its effects remain within that same kernel security authority. No VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The loop stops only when the 1530-byte output buffer fills, so it reads up to ~3 KB past the 1036-byte `hfs_find_init()` key allocation \u2014 through the object tail and into neighbouring kmalloc-2k objects \u2014 and every harvested byte is handed to `dir_emit()`/`copy_name()` and returned to userspace as a filename or xattr name. That is a repeatable, attacker-length-controlled kernel heap disclosure primitive suitable for defeating KASLR and lifting secrets from groomed adjacent slab objects.\nI:N - The defect is strictly a read overrun; every store through `op` remains bounded by the remaining output length enforced by `nls-\u003euni2char`, and the `-EINVAL` fallback stays inside the `+1` slack of `strbuf`. No kernel memory is modified.\nA:H - The multi-kilobyte overread can walk off the end of the slab page into unmapped memory, faulting in the middle of `iterate_dir()` while the btree mutex and inode lock are held, which oopses and wedges the filesystem; under KASAN, SLUB_DEBUG, or debug_pagealloc \u2014 common in hardened, appliance, and embedded builds \u2014 it faults immediately, and with panic_on_oops it is a full system panic the attacker can repeat at will."
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nfbdev: Fix fb_set_var to prevent null-ptr-deref in fb_videomode_to_var\n\nIf fb_add_videomode() in fb_set_var() fails to allocate memory for\nfb_videomode, later it may lead to a null-ptr dereference in\nfb_videomode_to_var(), as the fb_info is registered while not having the\nmode in modelist that is expected to be there, i.e. the one that is\ndescribed in fb_info-\u003evar.\n\n================================================================\ngeneral protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xdffffc0000000001: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP KASAN NOPTI\nKASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000008-0x000000000000000f]\nCPU: 1 PID: 30371 Comm: syz-executor.1 Not tainted 5.10.226-syzkaller #0\nHardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.12.0-1 04/01/2014\nRIP: 0010:fb_videomode_to_var+0x24/0x610 drivers/video/fbdev/core/modedb.c:901\nCall Trace:\n display_to_var+0x3a/0x7c0 drivers/video/fbdev/core/fbcon.c:929\n fbcon_resize+0x3e2/0x8f0 drivers/video/fbdev/core/fbcon.c:2071\n resize_screen drivers/tty/vt/vt.c:1176 [inline]\n vc_do_resize+0x53a/0x1170 drivers/tty/vt/vt.c:1263\n fbcon_modechanged+0x3ac/0x6e0 drivers/video/fbdev/core/fbcon.c:2720\n fbcon_update_vcs+0x43/0x60 drivers/video/fbdev/core/fbcon.c:2776\n do_fb_ioctl+0x6d2/0x740 drivers/video/fbdev/core/fbmem.c:1128\n fb_ioctl+0xe7/0x150 drivers/video/fbdev/core/fbmem.c:1203\n vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:48 [inline]\n __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:753 [inline]\n __se_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:739 [inline]\n __x64_sys_ioctl+0x19a/0x210 fs/ioctl.c:739\n do_syscall_64+0x33/0x40 arch/x86/entry/common.c:46\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x67/0xd1\n================================================================\n\nThe reason is that fb_info-\u003evar is being modified in fb_set_var(), and\nthen fb_videomode_to_var() is called. If it fails to add the mode to\nfb_info-\u003emodelist, fb_set_var() returns error, but does not restore the\nold value of fb_info-\u003evar. Restore fb_info-\u003evar on failure the same way\nit is done earlier in the function.\n\nFound by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with Syzkaller."
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\njfs: Fix null-ptr-deref in jfs_ioc_trim\n\n[ Syzkaller Report ]\n\nOops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address\n0xdffffc0000000087: 0000 [#1\nKASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000438-0x000000000000043f]\nCPU: 2 UID: 0 PID: 10614 Comm: syz-executor.0 Not tainted\n6.13.0-rc6-gfbfd64d25c7a-dirty #1\nHardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.15.0-1 04/01/2014\nSched_ext: serialise (enabled+all), task: runnable_at=-30ms\nRIP: 0010:jfs_ioc_trim+0x34b/0x8f0\nCode: e7 e8 59 a4 87 fe 4d 8b 24 24 4d 8d bc 24 38 04 00 00 48 8d 93\n90 82 fe ff 4c 89 ff 31 f6\nRSP: 0018:ffffc900055f7cd0 EFLAGS: 00010206\nRAX: 0000000000000087 RBX: 00005866a9e67ff8 RCX: 000000000000000a\nRDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: 0000000000000004 RDI: 0000000000000001\nRBP: dffffc0000000000 R08: ffff88807c180003 R09: 1ffff1100f830000\nR10: dffffc0000000000 R11: ffffed100f830001 R12: 0000000000000000\nR13: 0000000000000000 R14: 0000000000000001 R15: 0000000000000438\nFS:  00007fe520225640(0000) GS:ffff8880b7e80000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000\nCS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033\nCR2: 00005593c91b2c88 CR3: 000000014927c000 CR4: 00000000000006f0\nDR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000\nDR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400\nCall Trace:\n\u003cTASK\u003e\n? __die_body+0x61/0xb0\n? die_addr+0xb1/0xe0\n? exc_general_protection+0x333/0x510\n? asm_exc_general_protection+0x26/0x30\n? jfs_ioc_trim+0x34b/0x8f0\njfs_ioctl+0x3c8/0x4f0\n? __pfx_jfs_ioctl+0x10/0x10\n? __pfx_jfs_ioctl+0x10/0x10\n__se_sys_ioctl+0x269/0x350\n? __pfx___se_sys_ioctl+0x10/0x10\n? do_syscall_64+0xfb/0x210\ndo_syscall_64+0xee/0x210\n? syscall_exit_to_user_mode+0x1e0/0x330\nentry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f\nRIP: 0033:0x7fe51f4903ad\nCode: c3 e8 a7 2b 00 00 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 f3 0f 1e fa 48 89 f8 48\n89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d\nRSP: 002b:00007fe5202250c8 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000010\nRAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fe51f5cbf80 RCX: 00007fe51f4903ad\nRDX: 0000000020000680 RSI: 00000000c0185879 RDI: 0000000000000005\nRBP: 0000000000000000 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000\nR10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 00007fe520225640\nR13: 000000000000000e R14: 00007fe51f44fca0 R15: 00007fe52021d000\n\u003c/TASK\u003e\nModules linked in:\n---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---\nRIP: 0010:jfs_ioc_trim+0x34b/0x8f0\nCode: e7 e8 59 a4 87 fe 4d 8b 24 24 4d 8d bc 24 38 04 00 00 48 8d 93\n90 82 fe ff 4c 89 ff 31 f6\nRSP: 0018:ffffc900055f7cd0 EFLAGS: 00010206\nRAX: 0000000000000087 RBX: 00005866a9e67ff8 RCX: 000000000000000a\nRDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: 0000000000000004 RDI: 0000000000000001\nRBP: dffffc0000000000 R08: ffff88807c180003 R09: 1ffff1100f830000\nR10: dffffc0000000000 R11: ffffed100f830001 R12: 0000000000000000\nR13: 0000000000000000 R14: 0000000000000001 R15: 0000000000000438\nFS:  00007fe520225640(0000) GS:ffff8880b7e80000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000\nCS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033\nCR2: 00005593c91b2c88 CR3: 000000014927c000 CR4: 00000000000006f0\nDR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000\nDR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400\nKernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception\n\n[ Analysis ]\n\nWe believe that we have found a concurrency bug in the `fs/jfs` module\nthat results in a null pointer dereference. There is a closely related\nissue which has been fixed:\n\nhttps://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=d6c1b3599b2feb5c7291f5ac3a36e5fa7cedb234\n\n... but, unfortunately, the accepted patch appears to still be\nsusceptible to a null pointer dereference under some interleavings.\n\nTo trigger the bug, we think that `JFS_SBI(ipbmap-\u003ei_sb)-\u003ebmap` is set\nto NULL in `dbFreeBits` and then dereferenced in `jfs_ioc_trim`. This\nbug manifests quite rarely under normal circumstances, but is\ntriggereable from a syz-program."
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