CVE-2025-38352 (GCVE-0-2025-38352)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2025-07-22 08:04
Modified
2026-08-05 12:01
Severity ?
7.8 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: posix-cpu-timers: fix race between handle_posix_cpu_timers() and posix_cpu_timer_del() If an exiting non-autoreaping task has already passed exit_notify() and calls handle_posix_cpu_timers() from IRQ, it can be reaped by its parent or debugger right after unlock_task_sighand(). If a concurrent posix_cpu_timer_del() runs at that moment, it won't be able to detect timer->it.cpu.firing != 0: cpu_timer_task_rcu() and/or lock_task_sighand() will fail. Add the tsk->exit_state check into run_posix_cpu_timers() to fix this. This fix is not needed if CONFIG_POSIX_CPU_TIMERS_TASK_WORK=y, because exit_task_work() is called before exit_notify(). But the check still makes sense, task_work_add(&tsk->posix_cputimers_work.work) will fail anyway in this case.
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Version: 0bdd2ed4138ec04e09b4f8165981efc99e439f55
Version: 0bdd2ed4138ec04e09b4f8165981efc99e439f55
Version: 0bdd2ed4138ec04e09b4f8165981efc99e439f55
Version: 0bdd2ed4138ec04e09b4f8165981efc99e439f55
Version: 0bdd2ed4138ec04e09b4f8165981efc99e439f55
Version: 0bdd2ed4138ec04e09b4f8165981efc99e439f55
Version: 0bdd2ed4138ec04e09b4f8165981efc99e439f55
Version: 0bdd2ed4138ec04e09b4f8165981efc99e439f55
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CISA Known Exploited Vulnerability
Data from the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog

Date added: 2025-09-04

Due date: 2025-09-25

Required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

Used in ransomware: Unknown

Notes: This vulnerability affects a common open-source component, third-party library, or a protocol used by different products. Please check with specific vendors for information on patching status. For more information, please see: https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/commit/?id=2c72fe18cc5f9f1750f5bc148cf1c94c29e106ff ; https://source.android.com/docs/security/bulletin/2025-09-01 ; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-38352

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There is no network-facing path into posix-cpu-timers.\\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race: it arms the CPU timer expiry, chooses the precise moment of `release_task()` by calling `waitpid()` from its own parent/tracer, and issues the concurrent `timer_delete()` from a sibling thread \\u2014 retryable in a tight loop and widenable by queueing up to 20 timers on the firing list. Real-world exploitation of this exact bug confirms it is reliably winnable.\\nPR:L - No capability or permission check exists anywhere on the path \\u2014 `validate_clock_permissions()`/`pid_for_clock()` gate only on thread-group/pid existence, and `grep` for `capable`/`CAP_` in both posix-timers files returns nothing. Any unprivileged local user, including a seccomp-confined Android app UID, can reach it.\\nUI:N - The attacker\u0027s own processes and threads perform every step \\u2014 creating the timer, exiting the traced thread, reaping it, and deleting the timer. No victim action of any kind is needed.\\nS:U - The use-after-free corrupts kernel heap objects and escalates within the kernel\u0027s own security authority, which is standard kernel privilege escalation. No hypervisor, IOMMU, or other security-authority boundary is crossed.\\nC:H - The freed `struct sigqueue` is linked into the signal pending list by `send_sigqueue()` and later copied out to userspace through `dequeue_signal()`/`rt_sigtimedwait()`, disclosing whatever now occupies the reclaimed slab object \\u2014 an effectively arbitrary kernel-memory read. The `do_cpu_nanosleep()` variant additionally exposes reclaimed kernel stack.\\nI:H - `send_sigqueue()` writes into the freed object (`q-\u003einfo.si_overrun++`) and performs a `list_add_tail()` linked-list insertion on attacker-resprayable memory, followed by a double free on dequeue \\u2014 a classic controlled-write primitive leading to full privilege escalation, as demonstrated by in-the-wild exploitation of this flaw.\\nA:H - Even without successful exploitation the race causes `BUG_ON(!(q-\u003eflags \u0026 SIGQUEUE_PREALLOC))` in `send_sigqueue()`, `WARN_ON_ONCE()` in the delete path, list corruption, and a double free \\u2014 any of which oops or panic the kernel. Spinning the race is trivially repeatable as a denial of service.\"}]}], \"affected\": [{\"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\", \"vendor\": \"Linux\", \"product\": \"Linux\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"0bdd2ed4138ec04e09b4f8165981efc99e439f55\", \"lessThan\": \"78a4b8e3795b31dae58762bc091bb0f4f74a2200\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"0bdd2ed4138ec04e09b4f8165981efc99e439f55\", \"lessThan\": \"c076635b3a42771ace7d276de8dc3bc76ee2ba1b\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"0bdd2ed4138ec04e09b4f8165981efc99e439f55\", \"lessThan\": \"2f3daa04a9328220de46f0d5c919a6c0073a9f0b\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"0bdd2ed4138ec04e09b4f8165981efc99e439f55\", \"lessThan\": \"764a7a5dfda23f69919441f2eac2a83e7db6e5bb\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"0bdd2ed4138ec04e09b4f8165981efc99e439f55\", \"lessThan\": \"2c72fe18cc5f9f1750f5bc148cf1c94c29e106ff\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"0bdd2ed4138ec04e09b4f8165981efc99e439f55\", \"lessThan\": \"c29d5318708e67ac13c1b6fc1007d179fb65b4d7\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"0bdd2ed4138ec04e09b4f8165981efc99e439f55\", \"lessThan\": \"460188bc042a3f40f72d34b9f7fc6ee66b0b757b\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"0bdd2ed4138ec04e09b4f8165981efc99e439f55\", \"lessThan\": \"f90fff1e152dedf52b932240ebbd670d83330eca\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}], \"programFiles\": [\"kernel/time/posix-cpu-timers.c\"], \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\"}, {\"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\", \"vendor\": \"Linux\", \"product\": \"Linux\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"2.6.36\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"0\", \"lessThan\": \"2.6.36\", \"versionType\": \"semver\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"5.4.295\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"5.4.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"5.10.239\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"5.10.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"5.15.186\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"5.15.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.1.142\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.1.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.6.94\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.6.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.12.34\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.12.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.15.3\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.15.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.16\", \"versionType\": \"original_commit_for_fix\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"*\"}], \"programFiles\": [\"kernel/time/posix-cpu-timers.c\"], \"defaultStatus\": \"affected\"}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/78a4b8e3795b31dae58762bc091bb0f4f74a2200\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c076635b3a42771ace7d276de8dc3bc76ee2ba1b\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2f3daa04a9328220de46f0d5c919a6c0073a9f0b\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/764a7a5dfda23f69919441f2eac2a83e7db6e5bb\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2c72fe18cc5f9f1750f5bc148cf1c94c29e106ff\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c29d5318708e67ac13c1b6fc1007d179fb65b4d7\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/460188bc042a3f40f72d34b9f7fc6ee66b0b757b\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f90fff1e152dedf52b932240ebbd670d83330eca\"}], \"x_generator\": {\"engine\": \"bippy-1.2.0\"}, \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nposix-cpu-timers: fix race between handle_posix_cpu_timers() and posix_cpu_timer_del()\\n\\nIf an exiting non-autoreaping task has already passed exit_notify() and\\ncalls handle_posix_cpu_timers() from IRQ, it can be reaped by its parent\\nor debugger right after unlock_task_sighand().\\n\\nIf a concurrent posix_cpu_timer_del() runs at that moment, it won\u0027t be\\nable to detect timer-\u003eit.cpu.firing != 0: cpu_timer_task_rcu() and/or\\nlock_task_sighand() will fail.\\n\\nAdd the tsk-\u003eexit_state check into run_posix_cpu_timers() to fix this.\\n\\nThis fix is not needed if CONFIG_POSIX_CPU_TIMERS_TASK_WORK=y, because\\nexit_task_work() is called before exit_notify(). But the check still\\nmakes sense, task_work_add(\u0026tsk-\u003eposix_cputimers_work.work) will fail\\nanyway in this case.\"}], \"cpeApplicability\": [{\"nodes\": [{\"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.4.295\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"2.6.36\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.10.239\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"2.6.36\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.15.186\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"2.6.36\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.1.142\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"2.6.36\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.6.94\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"2.6.36\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.12.34\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"2.6.36\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.15.3\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"2.6.36\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.16\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"2.6.36\"}], \"operator\": \"OR\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"shortName\": \"Linux\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-05T12:01:20.234Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2025-38352\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-05T12:01:20.234Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2025-04-16T04:51:24.006Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"datePublished\": \"2025-07-22T08:04:25.277Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"Linux\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}


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