CVE-2025-38601 (GCVE-0-2025-38601)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2025-08-19 17:03
Modified
2026-10-15 22:02
Severity ?
8.8 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: ath11k: clear initialized flag for deinit-ed srng lists In a number of cases we see kernel panics on resume due to ath11k kernel page fault, which happens under the following circumstances: 1) First ath11k_hal_dump_srng_stats() call Last interrupt received for each group: ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 0 22511ms before ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 1 14440788ms before [..] ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: failed to receive control response completion, polling.. ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: Service connect timeout ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: failed to connect to HTT: -110 ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: failed to start core: -110 ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: firmware crashed: MHI_CB_EE_RDDM ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: already resetting count 2 ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: failed to wait wlan mode request (mode 4): -110 ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: qmi failed to send wlan mode off: -110 ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: failed to reconfigure driver on crash recovery [..] 2) At this point reconfiguration fails (we have 2 resets) and ath11k_core_reconfigure_on_crash() calls ath11k_hal_srng_deinit() which destroys srng lists. However, it does not reset per-list ->initialized flag. 3) Second ath11k_hal_dump_srng_stats() call sees stale ->initialized flag and attempts to dump srng stats: Last interrupt received for each group: ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 0 66785ms before ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 1 14485062ms before ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 2 14485062ms before ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 3 14485062ms before ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 4 14780845ms before ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 5 14780845ms before ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 6 14485062ms before ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 7 66814ms before ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 8 68997ms before ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 9 67588ms before ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 10 69511ms before BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffffa007404eb010 #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page PGD 100000067 P4D 100000067 PUD 10022d067 PMD 100b01067 PTE 0 Oops: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP NOPTI RIP: 0010:ath11k_hal_dump_srng_stats+0x2b4/0x3b0 [ath11k] Call Trace: <TASK> ? __die_body+0xae/0xb0 ? page_fault_oops+0x381/0x3e0 ? exc_page_fault+0x69/0xa0 ? asm_exc_page_fault+0x22/0x30 ? ath11k_hal_dump_srng_stats+0x2b4/0x3b0 [ath11k (HASH:6cea 4)] ath11k_qmi_driver_event_work+0xbd/0x1050 [ath11k (HASH:6cea 4)] worker_thread+0x389/0x930 kthread+0x149/0x170 Clear per-list ->initialized flag in ath11k_hal_srng_deinit().
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Version: 5118935b1bc28d0bce9427e584e11e905e68ee9a
Version: 5118935b1bc28d0bce9427e584e11e905e68ee9a
Version: 5118935b1bc28d0bce9427e584e11e905e68ee9a
Version: 5118935b1bc28d0bce9427e584e11e905e68ee9a
Version: 5118935b1bc28d0bce9427e584e11e905e68ee9a
Version: 5118935b1bc28d0bce9427e584e11e905e68ee9a
Version: 5118935b1bc28d0bce9427e584e11e905e68ee9a
Version: 5118935b1bc28d0bce9427e584e11e905e68ee9a
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nwifi: ath11k: clear initialized flag for deinit-ed srng lists\n\nIn a number of cases we see kernel panics on resume due\nto ath11k kernel page fault, which happens under the\nfollowing circumstances:\n\n1) First ath11k_hal_dump_srng_stats() call\n\n Last interrupt received for each group:\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 0 22511ms before\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 1 14440788ms before\n [..]\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: failed to receive control response completion, polling..\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: Service connect timeout\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: failed to connect to HTT: -110\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: failed to start core: -110\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: firmware crashed: MHI_CB_EE_RDDM\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: already resetting count 2\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: failed to wait wlan mode request (mode 4): -110\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: qmi failed to send wlan mode off: -110\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: failed to reconfigure driver on crash recovery\n [..]\n\n2) At this point reconfiguration fails (we have 2 resets) and\n  ath11k_core_reconfigure_on_crash() calls ath11k_hal_srng_deinit()\n  which destroys srng lists.  However, it does not reset per-list\n  -\u003einitialized flag.\n\n3) Second ath11k_hal_dump_srng_stats() call sees stale -\u003einitialized\n  flag and attempts to dump srng stats:\n\n Last interrupt received for each group:\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 0 66785ms before\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 1 14485062ms before\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 2 14485062ms before\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 3 14485062ms before\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 4 14780845ms before\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 5 14780845ms before\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 6 14485062ms before\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 7 66814ms before\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 8 68997ms before\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 9 67588ms before\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 10 69511ms before\n BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffffa007404eb010\n #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode\n #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page\n PGD 100000067 P4D 100000067 PUD 10022d067 PMD 100b01067 PTE 0\n Oops: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP NOPTI\n RIP: 0010:ath11k_hal_dump_srng_stats+0x2b4/0x3b0 [ath11k]\n Call Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n ? __die_body+0xae/0xb0\n ? page_fault_oops+0x381/0x3e0\n ? exc_page_fault+0x69/0xa0\n ? asm_exc_page_fault+0x22/0x30\n ? ath11k_hal_dump_srng_stats+0x2b4/0x3b0 [ath11k (HASH:6cea 4)]\n ath11k_qmi_driver_event_work+0xbd/0x1050 [ath11k (HASH:6cea 4)]\n worker_thread+0x389/0x930\n kthread+0x149/0x170\n\nClear per-list -\u003einitialized flag in ath11k_hal_srng_deinit()."
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              "value": "AV:A - The vulnerable state is reached through the ath11k firmware crash/recovery path, which an attacker within WiFi radio range can drive by injecting malformed 802.11 frames or operating a rogue AP that induces repeated firmware asserts. This matches the WiFi frame-injection adjacent-network vector rather than requiring local access.\nAC:L - The attacker controls the rate of induced firmware crashes, and it is exactly that flooding that produces the overlapping resets (\"already resetting count 2\") and QMI timeouts that make ath11k_core_reconfigure_on_crash() take the err_hal_srng_deinit path; the subsequent FW_INIT_DONE dump then reliably dereferences the stale pointers. No condition outside the attacker\u0027s influence is needed.\nPR:N - Inducing firmware asserts via 802.11 frames requires no account, association, or credentials on the victim system \u2014 management frames are processed pre-authentication, and an AP-mode ath11k device processes frames from unauthenticated clients.\nUI:N - No victim action is required; the device only needs to have its WiFi interface up, and the entire crash/recovery/dump sequence runs asynchronously in kernel workqueue context.\nS:U - The dangling-pointer dereference and its consequences are confined to the kernel\u0027s own security authority on the affected host; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - This is a use-after-free read: ath11k_hal_dump_srng_stats() dereferences stale tp_addr/hp_addr pointers into dma_free_coherent()\u0027d memory that may already be recycled to other kernel allocations, and prints those words into the kernel log, disclosing freed kernel memory contents.\nI:H - The driver retains a fully populated srng_list of dangling pointers into freed DMA-coherent pages that are handed back to the allocator and reused by other subsystems; per kernel UAF scoring this dangling-pointer condition on recycled memory is treated as a high integrity impact.\nA:H - The demonstrated result is an unrecoverable kernel page fault/oops (\"BUG: unable to handle page fault ... Oops: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP NOPTI\") inside ath11k_qmi_driver_event_work on a worker thread, panicking the machine on resume and rendering the system unavailable."
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    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-15T22:02:26.485Z",
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This matches the WiFi frame-injection adjacent-network vector rather than requiring local access.\\nAC:L - The attacker controls the rate of induced firmware crashes, and it is exactly that flooding that produces the overlapping resets (\\\"already resetting count 2\\\") and QMI timeouts that make ath11k_core_reconfigure_on_crash() take the err_hal_srng_deinit path; the subsequent FW_INIT_DONE dump then reliably dereferences the stale pointers. No condition outside the attacker\u0027s influence is needed.\\nPR:N - Inducing firmware asserts via 802.11 frames requires no account, association, or credentials on the victim system \\u2014 management frames are processed pre-authentication, and an AP-mode ath11k device processes frames from unauthenticated clients.\\nUI:N - No victim action is required; the device only needs to have its WiFi interface up, and the entire crash/recovery/dump sequence runs asynchronously in kernel workqueue context.\\nS:U - The dangling-pointer dereference and its consequences are confined to the kernel\u0027s own security authority on the affected host; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\\nC:H - This is a use-after-free read: ath11k_hal_dump_srng_stats() dereferences stale tp_addr/hp_addr pointers into dma_free_coherent()\u0027d memory that may already be recycled to other kernel allocations, and prints those words into the kernel log, disclosing freed kernel memory contents.\\nI:H - The driver retains a fully populated srng_list of dangling pointers into freed DMA-coherent pages that are handed back to the allocator and reused by other subsystems; per kernel UAF scoring this dangling-pointer condition on recycled memory is treated as a high integrity impact.\\nA:H - The demonstrated result is an unrecoverable kernel page fault/oops (\\\"BUG: unable to handle page fault ... Oops: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP NOPTI\\\") inside ath11k_qmi_driver_event_work on a worker thread, panicking the machine on resume and rendering the system unavailable.\"}]}], \"affected\": [{\"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\", \"vendor\": \"Linux\", \"product\": \"Linux\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"5118935b1bc28d0bce9427e584e11e905e68ee9a\", \"lessThan\": \"3a6daae987a829534636fd85ed6f84d5f0ad7fa4\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"5118935b1bc28d0bce9427e584e11e905e68ee9a\", \"lessThan\": \"eff3bb53c18c0ed4ab6f43d412b3ed3aecad52d5\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"5118935b1bc28d0bce9427e584e11e905e68ee9a\", \"lessThan\": \"916ac18d526a26f6072866b1a97622cf1351ef1c\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"5118935b1bc28d0bce9427e584e11e905e68ee9a\", \"lessThan\": \"5bf201c55fdf303e79005038648dfa1e8af48f54\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"5118935b1bc28d0bce9427e584e11e905e68ee9a\", \"lessThan\": \"72a48be1f53942793f3bc68a37fad1f38b53b082\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"5118935b1bc28d0bce9427e584e11e905e68ee9a\", \"lessThan\": \"0ebb5fe494501c19f31270008b26ab95201af6fd\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"5118935b1bc28d0bce9427e584e11e905e68ee9a\", \"lessThan\": \"16872194c80f2724472fc207991712895ac8a230\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"5118935b1bc28d0bce9427e584e11e905e68ee9a\", \"lessThan\": \"a5b46aa7cf5f05c213316a018e49a8e086efd98e\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}], \"programFiles\": [\"drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath11k/hal.c\"], \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\"}, {\"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\", \"vendor\": \"Linux\", \"product\": \"Linux\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"5.7\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"0\", \"lessThan\": \"5.7\", \"versionType\": \"semver\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"5.10.241\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"5.10.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"5.15.190\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"5.15.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.1.148\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.1.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.6.102\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.6.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.12.42\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.12.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.15.10\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.15.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.16.1\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.16.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.17\", \"versionType\": \"original_commit_for_fix\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"*\"}], \"programFiles\": [\"drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath11k/hal.c\"], \"defaultStatus\": \"affected\"}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3a6daae987a829534636fd85ed6f84d5f0ad7fa4\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/eff3bb53c18c0ed4ab6f43d412b3ed3aecad52d5\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/916ac18d526a26f6072866b1a97622cf1351ef1c\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5bf201c55fdf303e79005038648dfa1e8af48f54\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/72a48be1f53942793f3bc68a37fad1f38b53b082\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0ebb5fe494501c19f31270008b26ab95201af6fd\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/16872194c80f2724472fc207991712895ac8a230\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a5b46aa7cf5f05c213316a018e49a8e086efd98e\"}], \"x_generator\": {\"engine\": \"bippy-1.2.0\"}, \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nwifi: ath11k: clear initialized flag for deinit-ed srng lists\\n\\nIn a number of cases we see kernel panics on resume due\\nto ath11k kernel page fault, which happens under the\\nfollowing circumstances:\\n\\n1) First ath11k_hal_dump_srng_stats() call\\n\\n Last interrupt received for each group:\\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 0 22511ms before\\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 1 14440788ms before\\n [..]\\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: failed to receive control response completion, polling..\\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: Service connect timeout\\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: failed to connect to HTT: -110\\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: failed to start core: -110\\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: firmware crashed: MHI_CB_EE_RDDM\\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: already resetting count 2\\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: failed to wait wlan mode request (mode 4): -110\\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: qmi failed to send wlan mode off: -110\\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: failed to reconfigure driver on crash recovery\\n [..]\\n\\n2) At this point reconfiguration fails (we have 2 resets) and\\n  ath11k_core_reconfigure_on_crash() calls ath11k_hal_srng_deinit()\\n  which destroys srng lists.  However, it does not reset per-list\\n  -\u003einitialized flag.\\n\\n3) Second ath11k_hal_dump_srng_stats() call sees stale -\u003einitialized\\n  flag and attempts to dump srng stats:\\n\\n Last interrupt received for each group:\\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 0 66785ms before\\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 1 14485062ms before\\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 2 14485062ms before\\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 3 14485062ms before\\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 4 14780845ms before\\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 5 14780845ms before\\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 6 14485062ms before\\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 7 66814ms before\\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 8 68997ms before\\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 9 67588ms before\\n ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0: group_id 10 69511ms before\\n BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffffa007404eb010\\n #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode\\n #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page\\n PGD 100000067 P4D 100000067 PUD 10022d067 PMD 100b01067 PTE 0\\n Oops: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP NOPTI\\n RIP: 0010:ath11k_hal_dump_srng_stats+0x2b4/0x3b0 [ath11k]\\n Call Trace:\\n \u003cTASK\u003e\\n ? __die_body+0xae/0xb0\\n ? page_fault_oops+0x381/0x3e0\\n ? exc_page_fault+0x69/0xa0\\n ? asm_exc_page_fault+0x22/0x30\\n ? ath11k_hal_dump_srng_stats+0x2b4/0x3b0 [ath11k (HASH:6cea 4)]\\n ath11k_qmi_driver_event_work+0xbd/0x1050 [ath11k (HASH:6cea 4)]\\n worker_thread+0x389/0x930\\n kthread+0x149/0x170\\n\\nClear per-list -\u003einitialized flag in ath11k_hal_srng_deinit().\"}], \"cpeApplicability\": [{\"nodes\": [{\"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.10.241\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.7\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.15.190\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.7\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.1.148\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.7\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.6.102\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.7\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.12.42\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.7\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.15.10\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.7\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.16.1\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.7\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.17\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.7\"}], \"operator\": \"OR\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"shortName\": \"Linux\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-05T12:03:24.843Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2025-38601\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-10-15T22:02:26.485Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2025-04-16T04:51:24.028Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"datePublished\": \"2025-08-19T17:03:35.798Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"Linux\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}


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