Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-749
AllowedExposed Dangerous Method or Function
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product provides an Applications Programming Interface (API) or similar interface for interaction with external actors, but the interface includes a dangerous method or function that is not properly restricted.
206 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-70387 (GCVE-0-2026-70387)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-21 09:07 – Updated: 2026-10-29 19:09
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
OnePlus OxygenOS exposed dangerous method vulnerability
Summary
Exposed dangerous method or function and Incorrect Authorization vulnerability in OnePlus OxygenOS on Android. The olc2 logging HAL exposes a binder method that fork()'s and calls execl("/vendor/bin/sh", "sh", "-c", cmd, NULL) with a caller-supplied command string. The only authorization check is getCallingUid() == 0. Because SELinux policy grants binder access to this HAL to a wide client attribute, any uid-0 process in any of those domains (including dumpstate, which is reachable from an unprivileged app via Vulnerability 1) obtains arbitrary command execution. The spawned shell lands in u:r:vendor_qti_init_shell:s0 SELinux context via a policy type_transition, a domain holding all Linux capabilities. This issue affects OxygenOS: from 16.1.0 before 16.1.10.500, from 16.0.0 before 16.0.5.1200, and from 15.0.0 before 15.0.0.2000.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-29 19:08 UTC
Assigner
ENISA
CNA
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://blog.nns.ee/2026/09/24/oneplus-root/ | technical-description |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-70386 (GCVE-0-2026-70386)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-21 08:51 – Updated: 2026-10-30 16:35
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
OnePlus OxygenOS improper neutralization of special elements vulnerability
Summary
Improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command ('OS command injection') and Missing Authorization vulnerability in OnePlus OxygenOS on Android. Any locally installed Android application, with no permissions declared
and no user interaction beyond launching it, can execute arbitrary shell
commands as uid 0 in the u:r:dumpstate:s0 SELinux domain. Two defects
combine: (a) OnePlus's atlasservice binder interface accepts
setEvent(String8 name, String8 value) from any caller without
authorization, and (b) one event handler
(OplusAtlasLogWriter::handleEvent, matching event name
atlas_event_multimedia_audio_dumpsys) copies the caller-supplied value
into the system property oplus.audio.dumpinfo.type and starts the root
init service audiodumpinfo, which passes that property value unsanitized
to system(). This issue affects OxygenOS: from 16.1.0 before 16.1.10.500, from 16.0.0 before 16.0.5.1200, and from 15.0.0 before 15.0.0.2000.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-30 16:34 UTC
CWE
Assigner
ENISA
CNA
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://blog.nns.ee/2026/09/24/oneplus-root/ | technical-description |
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CVE-2026-68928 (GCVE-0-2026-68928)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-18 20:40 – Updated: 2026-09-21 18:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Acode: Exported TerminalService (bundled terminal plugin) lets any installed app execute arbitrary shell commands as Acode
Summary
Acode is a powerful text and code editor for Android. From 1.11.6 until 1.12.7, com.foxdebug.acode.rk.exec.terminal.TerminalService is declared as an exported service in src/plugins/terminal/plugin.xml without a binding permission, and src/plugins/terminal/src/android/TerminalService.java does not verify the caller. Any installed Android application can bind the service and send MSG_EXEC with an attacker-controlled cmd value, which the terminal implementation passes to ProcessBuilder with sh -c inside Acode's UID. This allows a zero-permission local application to execute commands with access to Acode private data, remote credentials, Storage Access Framework grants, and runtime permissions without additional interaction at attack time. This issue is fixed in version 1.12.7.
Severity
8.6 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-21 18:26 UTC
CWE
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Acode-Foundation/Acode/securit… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/Acode-Foundation/Acode/pull/2442 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/Acode-Foundation/Acode/commit/… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/Acode-Foundation/Acode/release… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acode-Foundation | Acode |
Affected:
>= 1.11.6, < 1.12.7
|
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CVE-2026-68823 (GCVE-0-2026-68823)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-06 22:37 – Updated: 2026-10-30 17:23 Exclusively Hosted Service
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Azure Confidential Ledger Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Exposed dangerous method or function in Azure Confidential Ledger allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-07 17:29 UTC
CWE
- CWE-749 - Exposed Dangerous Method or Function
Assigner
microsoft
CNA
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Azure Confidential Ledger |
Affected:
-
cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:azure_confidential_ledger:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2026-08-06 14:00
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CVE-2026-66781 (GCVE-0-2026-66781)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-18 17:05 – Updated: 2026-10-19 17:02
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Submariner-operator: pprof debug endpoint enabled by default on 0.0.0.0:8082 without authentication
Summary
A flaw was found in the Submariner operator. The Submariner Custom Resource (CR), used for configuring network connectivity, stores the IPsec pre-shared key (PSK) in an unencrypted format. This key, which is critical for securing communication between Kubernetes clusters, can be accessed by unauthorized parties. Such access enables an attacker to passively decrypt network traffic flowing between any two clusters in the mesh, resulting in sensitive information disclosure.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-18 19:21 UTC
CWE
- CWE-749 - Exposed Dangerous Method or Function
Assigner
redhat
CNA
References
10 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:60386 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:60387 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:60388 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:60389 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:60390 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:60391 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:63016 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:85227 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-66781 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2507526 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
11 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2.11 |
Unaffected:
1787689013 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:acm:2.11::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2.13 |
Unaffected:
1787365971 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:acm:2.13::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2.14 |
Unaffected:
1787362756 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:acm:2.14::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2.15 |
Unaffected:
1787362733 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:acm:2.15::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2.16 |
Unaffected:
1787362694 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:acm:2.16::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2.16 |
Unaffected:
1790670243 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:acm:2.16::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2.16 |
Unaffected:
1790670912 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:acm:2.16::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2.17 |
Unaffected:
1787362658 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:acm:2.17::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2.17 |
Unaffected:
1788105072 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:acm:2.17::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2.17 |
Unaffected:
1788073481 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:acm:2.17::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:acm:2
|
Date Public
2026-08-18 16:35
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CVE-2026-66088 (GCVE-0-2026-66088)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-29 01:35 – Updated: 2026-10-29 02:02
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Unrestricted Command Execution via system.execute
Summary
In openEQUELLA before 2026.1, the system.execute() function available to the scripting engine runs supplied operating system commands without validation or an allow-list of permitted executables. A user able to create or edit scripts can use it to execute arbitrary commands with the privileges of the openEQUELLA service account.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-29 01:50 UTC
CWE
Assigner
MON-CSIRT
CNA
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/openequella/openEQUELLA/securi… | vendor-advisory |
| https://openequella.github.io/guides/ | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apereo Foundation | openEQUELLA |
Affected:
0 , < 2026.1
(custom)
|
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CVE-2026-61793 (GCVE-0-2026-61793)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 14:48 – Updated: 2026-09-17 15:15
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Nuxt OG Image has unauthenticated SSRF via `fonts[].path` URL parameter
Summary
Nuxt OG Image generates OG Images with Vue templates in Nuxt. From 6.0.2 until 6.7.0, nuxt-og-image exposes the unauthenticated /_og/d/** route when the documented defaults security.strict = false and security.secret = "" are used, and base64url-decodes the fonts parameter through decodeOgImageParams. Attacker-controlled fonts[].path values flow through loadDefinedFonts into the font-assets/node.js binding, which performs a server-side fetch without validating the URL scheme, origin, resolved address, or redirects. This permits blind requests to loopback, private, link-local, cloud metadata, and other internal HTTP services, while differences in the outer response status and timing can reveal service reachability. Slow targets can also occupy OG image render workers for the configured fetch and render timeouts. This issue is fixed in version 6.7.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-17 15:15 UTC
CWE
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/nuxt-modules/og-image/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/nuxt-modules/og-image/pull/637 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/nuxt-modules/og-image/commit/2… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/nuxt-modules/og-image/releases… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nuxt-modules | og-image |
Affected:
>= 6.0.2, < 6.7.0
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CVE-2026-55454 (GCVE-0-2026-55454)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-24 21:38 – Updated: 2026-06-25 15:11
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Appsmith: Caddy admin API exposed without authentication
Summary
Appsmith is a platform to build admin panels, internal tools, and dashboards. Prior to 2.1, the bundled Caddy reverse-proxy's admin API — which has no authentication by default — is bound on 0.0.0.0:2019 inside the container. While this listener is not directly published to the host by docker-compose.yml, it is reachable from the Appsmith server process itself or a SSRF vulnerability. An authenticated low-privileged user can therefore drive the SSRF to issue POST /load (or any other admin-API call) against http://0.0.0.0:2019/, fully replacing the live Caddy configuration and taking over the reverse proxy. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.1.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-25 15:11 UTC
CWE
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/appsmithorg/appsmith/security/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| appsmithorg | appsmith |
Affected:
< 2.1
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CVE-2026-54753 (GCVE-0-2026-54753)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-26 18:13 – Updated: 2026-06-26 19:09
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Nx: `nx graph` dev server permissive CORS policy
Summary
Nx is a monorepo solution for TypeScript and polyglot codebases. From 17.0.4 until 22.7.2 and 23.0.0-beta.2, the local HTTP server started by nx graph sent Access-Control-Allow-Origin: * on every response, letting any website a developer visited read the server's responses cross-origin — including the full project graph and the output of the /help endpoint, which runs a target's configured help command. The practical impact is typically cross-origin information disclosure, but can be arbitrary command injection in rare cases. This vulnerability is fixed in 22.7.2 and 23.0.0-beta.2.
Severity
5.9 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-26 19:09 UTC
CWE
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/nrwl/nx/security/advisories/GH… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/nrwl/nx/pull/35494 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-54702 (GCVE-0-2026-54702)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-14 19:13 – Updated: 2026-10-15 16:24
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Markdown Preview Enhanced: Blind Command Dispatch via Unvalidated Webview Message Handler
Summary
Markdown Preview Enhanced is a Markdown preview extension for Visual Studio Code. Prior to 0.8.30, the webview message handler in src/preview-provider.ts accepts an attacker-controlled command value and attacker-controlled args, constructs a command in the _crossnote namespace, and invokes vscode.commands.executeCommand without an allowlist or type validation. JavaScript already executing in the preview webview can use this bridge to invoke privileged extension commands, including file modification, code-chunk execution, export-tool execution, and arbitrary URL opening, with attacker-selected arguments. Exploitation requires a separate webview JavaScript execution path, such as the independently tracked .crossnote/head.html injection, but no further authorization check protects the extension-host command boundary. This issue is fixed in version 0.8.30.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-15 16:24 UTC
CWE
- CWE-749 - Exposed Dangerous Method or Function
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/shd101wyy/vscode-markdown-prev… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/shd101wyy/vscode-markdown-prev… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/shd101wyy/vscode-markdown-prev… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/shd101wyy/vscode-markdown-prev… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| shd101wyy | vscode-markdown-preview-enhanced |
Affected:
< 0.8.30
|
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"problemTypes": [
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"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-749",
"description": "CWE-749: Exposed Dangerous Method or Function",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-14T19:13:58.946Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/shd101wyy/vscode-markdown-preview-enhanced/security/advisories/GHSA-83c6-hcjv-pvmg",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/shd101wyy/vscode-markdown-preview-enhanced/security/advisories/GHSA-83c6-hcjv-pvmg"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/shd101wyy/vscode-markdown-preview-enhanced/pull/2323",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/shd101wyy/vscode-markdown-preview-enhanced/pull/2323"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/shd101wyy/vscode-markdown-preview-enhanced/commit/8bc848b6cbb42b9f35a0f95f7c3bf29b8302970e",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/shd101wyy/vscode-markdown-preview-enhanced/commit/8bc848b6cbb42b9f35a0f95f7c3bf29b8302970e"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/shd101wyy/vscode-markdown-preview-enhanced/releases/tag/0.8.30",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/shd101wyy/vscode-markdown-preview-enhanced/releases/tag/0.8.30"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-83c6-hcjv-pvmg",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Markdown Preview Enhanced: Blind Command Dispatch via Unvalidated Webview Message Handler"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-54702",
"datePublished": "2026-10-14T19:13:58.946Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-06-15T22:58:06.563Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-15T16:24:10.781Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
If you must expose a method, make sure to perform input validation on all arguments, limit access to authorized parties, and protect against all possible vulnerabilities.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Implementation
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
- Identify all exposed functionality. Explicitly list all functionality that must be exposed to some user or set of users. Identify which functionality may be:
- Ensure that the implemented code follows these expectations. This includes setting the appropriate access modifiers where applicable (public, private, protected, etc.) or not marking ActiveX controls safe-for-scripting.
- accessible to all users
- restricted to a small set of privileged users
- prevented from being directly accessible at all
CAPEC-500: WebView Injection
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, injects code into the context of a web page displayed by a WebView component. Through the injected code, an adversary is able to manipulate the DOM tree and cookies of the page, expose sensitive information, and can launch attacks against the web application from within the web page.