CVE-2024-53214 (GCVE-0-2024-53214)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2024-12-27 13:49
Modified
2026-08-05 11:44
Severity ?
7.8 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vfio/pci: Properly hide first-in-list PCIe extended capability There are cases where a PCIe extended capability should be hidden from the user. For example, an unknown capability (i.e., capability with ID greater than PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_MAX) or a capability that is intentionally chosen to be hidden from the user. Hiding a capability is done by virtualizing and modifying the 'Next Capability Offset' field of the previous capability so it points to the capability after the one that should be hidden. The special case where the first capability in the list should be hidden is handled differently because there is no previous capability that can be modified. In this case, the capability ID and version are zeroed while leaving the next pointer intact. This hides the capability and leaves an anchor for the rest of the capability list. However, today, hiding the first capability in the list is not done properly if the capability is unknown, as struct vfio_pci_core_device->pci_config_map is set to the capability ID during initialization but the capability ID is not properly checked later when used in vfio_config_do_rw(). This leads to the following warning [1] and to an out-of-bounds access to ecap_perms array. Fix it by checking cap_id in vfio_config_do_rw(), and if it is greater than PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_MAX, use an alternative struct perm_bits for direct read only access instead of the ecap_perms array. Note that this is safe since the above is the only case where cap_id can exceed PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_MAX (except for the special capabilities, which are already checked before). [1] WARNING: CPU: 118 PID: 5329 at drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_config.c:1900 vfio_pci_config_rw+0x395/0x430 [vfio_pci_core] CPU: 118 UID: 0 PID: 5329 Comm: simx-qemu-syste Not tainted 6.12.0+ #1 (snip) Call Trace: <TASK> ? show_regs+0x69/0x80 ? __warn+0x8d/0x140 ? vfio_pci_config_rw+0x395/0x430 [vfio_pci_core] ? report_bug+0x18f/0x1a0 ? handle_bug+0x63/0xa0 ? exc_invalid_op+0x19/0x70 ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x1b/0x20 ? vfio_pci_config_rw+0x395/0x430 [vfio_pci_core] ? vfio_pci_config_rw+0x244/0x430 [vfio_pci_core] vfio_pci_rw+0x101/0x1b0 [vfio_pci_core] vfio_pci_core_read+0x1d/0x30 [vfio_pci_core] vfio_device_fops_read+0x27/0x40 [vfio] vfs_read+0xbd/0x340 ? vfio_device_fops_unl_ioctl+0xbb/0x740 [vfio] ? __rseq_handle_notify_resume+0xa4/0x4b0 __x64_sys_pread64+0x96/0xc0 x64_sys_call+0x1c3d/0x20d0 do_syscall_64+0x4d/0x120 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Version: 89e1f7d4c66d85f42c3d52ea3866eb10cadf6153
Version: 89e1f7d4c66d85f42c3d52ea3866eb10cadf6153
Version: 89e1f7d4c66d85f42c3d52ea3866eb10cadf6153
Version: 89e1f7d4c66d85f42c3d52ea3866eb10cadf6153
Version: 89e1f7d4c66d85f42c3d52ea3866eb10cadf6153
Version: 89e1f7d4c66d85f42c3d52ea3866eb10cadf6153
Version: 89e1f7d4c66d85f42c3d52ea3866eb10cadf6153
Version: 89e1f7d4c66d85f42c3d52ea3866eb10cadf6153
Version: 89e1f7d4c66d85f42c3d52ea3866eb10cadf6153
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          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nvfio/pci: Properly hide first-in-list PCIe extended capability\n\nThere are cases where a PCIe extended capability should be hidden from\nthe user. For example, an unknown capability (i.e., capability with ID\ngreater than PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_MAX) or a capability that is intentionally\nchosen to be hidden from the user.\n\nHiding a capability is done by virtualizing and modifying the \u0027Next\nCapability Offset\u0027 field of the previous capability so it points to the\ncapability after the one that should be hidden.\n\nThe special case where the first capability in the list should be hidden\nis handled differently because there is no previous capability that can\nbe modified. In this case, the capability ID and version are zeroed\nwhile leaving the next pointer intact. This hides the capability and\nleaves an anchor for the rest of the capability list.\n\nHowever, today, hiding the first capability in the list is not done\nproperly if the capability is unknown, as struct\nvfio_pci_core_device-\u003epci_config_map is set to the capability ID during\ninitialization but the capability ID is not properly checked later when\nused in vfio_config_do_rw(). This leads to the following warning [1] and\nto an out-of-bounds access to ecap_perms array.\n\nFix it by checking cap_id in vfio_config_do_rw(), and if it is greater\nthan PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_MAX, use an alternative struct perm_bits for direct\nread only access instead of the ecap_perms array.\n\nNote that this is safe since the above is the only case where cap_id can\nexceed PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_MAX (except for the special capabilities, which\nare already checked before).\n\n[1]\n\nWARNING: CPU: 118 PID: 5329 at drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_config.c:1900 vfio_pci_config_rw+0x395/0x430 [vfio_pci_core]\nCPU: 118 UID: 0 PID: 5329 Comm: simx-qemu-syste Not tainted 6.12.0+ #1\n(snip)\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n ? show_regs+0x69/0x80\n ? __warn+0x8d/0x140\n ? vfio_pci_config_rw+0x395/0x430 [vfio_pci_core]\n ? report_bug+0x18f/0x1a0\n ? handle_bug+0x63/0xa0\n ? exc_invalid_op+0x19/0x70\n ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x1b/0x20\n ? vfio_pci_config_rw+0x395/0x430 [vfio_pci_core]\n ? vfio_pci_config_rw+0x244/0x430 [vfio_pci_core]\n vfio_pci_rw+0x101/0x1b0 [vfio_pci_core]\n vfio_pci_core_read+0x1d/0x30 [vfio_pci_core]\n vfio_device_fops_read+0x27/0x40 [vfio]\n vfs_read+0xbd/0x340\n ? vfio_device_fops_unl_ioctl+0xbb/0x740 [vfio]\n ? __rseq_handle_notify_resume+0xa4/0x4b0\n __x64_sys_pread64+0x96/0xc0\n x64_sys_call+0x1c3d/0x20d0\n do_syscall_64+0x4d/0x120\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e"
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              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerability is reached only through pread()/pwrite() (or ioctl-driven config access) on a local /dev/vfio device file held by the process that owns the assigned PCI device. There is no network-facing path into vfio_config_do_rw().\nAC:L - Once a device whose first extended capability is unknown to the kernel\u0027s table is assigned, a single unprivileged pread() at offset 0x100 deterministically indexes ecap_perms[] out of bounds \u2014 no race, no memory-layout grooming, and no timing window to win. The precondition is a property of the vulnerable configuration, not an attack-time hurdle.\nPR:L - The IOMMU-backed VFIO path has no capable() gate (only VFIO_NO_IOMMU requires CAP_SYS_RAWIO); access is granted by file permissions on /dev/vfio/*, which is routinely given to unprivileged users such as the qemu user or DPDK/SPDK applications. That unprivileged process can trigger the OOB directly.\nUI:N - The attacker triggers the bug entirely on its own with a read or write on a file descriptor it already holds; no victim action is required. QEMU even hits it unprompted during its normal config-space scan at device realize.\nS:U - The out-of-bounds access, the corrupted state, and the resulting compromise all occur within the host kernel, which is the same security authority the local attacker escalates within. This is standard local kernel memory corruption, not an IOMMU or hypervisor boundary bypass.\nC:H - The OOB read pulls a struct perm_bits from up to ~6.6 KB past the array, and its virt/write members are dereferenced as pointers in vfio_default_config_read(), memcpy-ing from an arbitrary kernel address and using the result to mask data returned to userspace \u2014 an arbitrary kernel-memory disclosure oracle on top of the leaked module .data contents.\nI:H - perm-\u003ereadfn and perm-\u003ewritefn are invoked as indirect calls through function pointers loaded from out-of-bounds memory, with perm-\u003ewritefn additionally receiving attacker-controlled val and pos \u2014 a control-flow hijack primitive leading to arbitrary kernel code execution.\nA:H - At minimum the path takes a WARN_ON (panic under panic_on_warn) and then calls a garbage function pointer and dereferences wild pointers, producing an oops, CFI violation panic, or page fault. The crash is fully repeatable on demand."
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      "title": "vfio/pci: Properly hide first-in-list PCIe extended capability",
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    "datePublished": "2024-12-27T13:49:59.555Z",
    "dateReserved": "2024-11-19T17:17:25.023Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:44:40.196Z",
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      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CVE Program Container\", \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00001.html\"}, {\"url\": \"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00002.html\"}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\", \"shortName\": \"CVE\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-11-03T20:47:42.592Z\"}}, {\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 7.8, \"attackVector\": \"LOCAL\", \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\", \"integrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"LOW\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\"}}, {\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2024-53214\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"none\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"total\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2025-10-01T20:03:33.423876Z\"}}}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-129\", \"description\": \"CWE-129 Improper Validation of Array Index\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-10-01T15:38:40.864Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"vfio/pci: Properly hide first-in-list PCIe extended capability\", \"affected\": [{\"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\", \"vendor\": \"Linux\", \"product\": \"Linux\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"89e1f7d4c66d85f42c3d52ea3866eb10cadf6153\", \"lessThan\": \"4464e5aa3aa4574063640f1082f7d7e323af8eb4\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"89e1f7d4c66d85f42c3d52ea3866eb10cadf6153\", \"lessThan\": \"7d121f66b67921fb3b95e0ea9856bfba53733e91\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"89e1f7d4c66d85f42c3d52ea3866eb10cadf6153\", \"lessThan\": \"0918f5643fc6c3f7801f4a22397d2cc09ba99207\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"89e1f7d4c66d85f42c3d52ea3866eb10cadf6153\", \"lessThan\": \"9567bd34aa3b986736c290c5bcba47e0182ac47a\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"89e1f7d4c66d85f42c3d52ea3866eb10cadf6153\", \"lessThan\": \"6c6502d944168cbd7e03a4a08ad6488f78d73485\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"89e1f7d4c66d85f42c3d52ea3866eb10cadf6153\", \"lessThan\": \"06f2fcf49854ad05a09d09e0dbee6544fff04695\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"89e1f7d4c66d85f42c3d52ea3866eb10cadf6153\", \"lessThan\": \"949bee8065a85a5c6607c624dc05b5bc17119699\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"89e1f7d4c66d85f42c3d52ea3866eb10cadf6153\", \"lessThan\": \"1ef195178fb552478eb2587df4ad3be14ef76507\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"89e1f7d4c66d85f42c3d52ea3866eb10cadf6153\", \"lessThan\": \"fe4bf8d0b6716a423b16495d55b35d3fe515905d\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}], \"programFiles\": [\"drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_config.c\"], \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\"}, {\"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\", \"vendor\": \"Linux\", \"product\": \"Linux\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"3.6\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"0\", \"lessThan\": \"3.6\", \"versionType\": \"semver\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"4.19.325\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"4.19.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"5.4.287\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"5.4.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"5.10.231\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"5.10.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"5.15.174\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"5.15.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.1.120\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.1.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.6.64\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.6.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.11.11\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.11.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.12.2\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.12.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.13\", \"versionType\": \"original_commit_for_fix\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"*\"}], \"programFiles\": [\"drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_config.c\"], \"defaultStatus\": \"affected\"}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4464e5aa3aa4574063640f1082f7d7e323af8eb4\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7d121f66b67921fb3b95e0ea9856bfba53733e91\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0918f5643fc6c3f7801f4a22397d2cc09ba99207\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9567bd34aa3b986736c290c5bcba47e0182ac47a\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6c6502d944168cbd7e03a4a08ad6488f78d73485\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/06f2fcf49854ad05a09d09e0dbee6544fff04695\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/949bee8065a85a5c6607c624dc05b5bc17119699\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1ef195178fb552478eb2587df4ad3be14ef76507\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fe4bf8d0b6716a423b16495d55b35d3fe515905d\"}], \"x_generator\": {\"engine\": \"bippy-1.2.0\"}, \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nvfio/pci: Properly hide first-in-list PCIe extended capability\\n\\nThere are cases where a PCIe extended capability should be hidden from\\nthe user. For example, an unknown capability (i.e., capability with ID\\ngreater than PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_MAX) or a capability that is intentionally\\nchosen to be hidden from the user.\\n\\nHiding a capability is done by virtualizing and modifying the \u0027Next\\nCapability Offset\u0027 field of the previous capability so it points to the\\ncapability after the one that should be hidden.\\n\\nThe special case where the first capability in the list should be hidden\\nis handled differently because there is no previous capability that can\\nbe modified. In this case, the capability ID and version are zeroed\\nwhile leaving the next pointer intact. This hides the capability and\\nleaves an anchor for the rest of the capability list.\\n\\nHowever, today, hiding the first capability in the list is not done\\nproperly if the capability is unknown, as struct\\nvfio_pci_core_device-\u003epci_config_map is set to the capability ID during\\ninitialization but the capability ID is not properly checked later when\\nused in vfio_config_do_rw(). This leads to the following warning [1] and\\nto an out-of-bounds access to ecap_perms array.\\n\\nFix it by checking cap_id in vfio_config_do_rw(), and if it is greater\\nthan PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_MAX, use an alternative struct perm_bits for direct\\nread only access instead of the ecap_perms array.\\n\\nNote that this is safe since the above is the only case where cap_id can\\nexceed PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_MAX (except for the special capabilities, which\\nare already checked before).\\n\\n[1]\\n\\nWARNING: CPU: 118 PID: 5329 at drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_config.c:1900 vfio_pci_config_rw+0x395/0x430 [vfio_pci_core]\\nCPU: 118 UID: 0 PID: 5329 Comm: simx-qemu-syste Not tainted 6.12.0+ #1\\n(snip)\\nCall Trace:\\n \u003cTASK\u003e\\n ? show_regs+0x69/0x80\\n ? __warn+0x8d/0x140\\n ? vfio_pci_config_rw+0x395/0x430 [vfio_pci_core]\\n ? report_bug+0x18f/0x1a0\\n ? handle_bug+0x63/0xa0\\n ? exc_invalid_op+0x19/0x70\\n ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x1b/0x20\\n ? vfio_pci_config_rw+0x395/0x430 [vfio_pci_core]\\n ? vfio_pci_config_rw+0x244/0x430 [vfio_pci_core]\\n vfio_pci_rw+0x101/0x1b0 [vfio_pci_core]\\n vfio_pci_core_read+0x1d/0x30 [vfio_pci_core]\\n vfio_device_fops_read+0x27/0x40 [vfio]\\n vfs_read+0xbd/0x340\\n ? vfio_device_fops_unl_ioctl+0xbb/0x740 [vfio]\\n ? __rseq_handle_notify_resume+0xa4/0x4b0\\n __x64_sys_pread64+0x96/0xc0\\n x64_sys_call+0x1c3d/0x20d0\\n do_syscall_64+0x4d/0x120\\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e\"}], \"cpeApplicability\": [{\"nodes\": [{\"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"4.19.325\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"3.6\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.4.287\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"3.6\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.10.231\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"3.6\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.15.174\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"3.6\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.1.120\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"3.6\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.6.64\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"3.6\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.11.11\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"3.6\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.12.2\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"3.6\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.13\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"3.6\"}], \"operator\": \"OR\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"shortName\": \"Linux\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-05-11T20:53:03.255Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2024-53214\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-05-11T20:53:03.255Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2024-11-19T17:17:25.023Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"datePublished\": \"2024-12-27T13:49:59.555Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"Linux\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}


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