Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-294
AllowedAuthentication Bypass by Capture-replay
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
A capture-replay flaw exists when the design of the product makes it possible for a malicious user to sniff network traffic and bypass authentication by replaying it to the server in question to the same effect as the original message (or with minor changes).
189 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-18967 (GCVE-0-2026-18967)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-06 05:33 – Updated: 2026-08-06 17:31
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Keycloak-services: keycloak-services: saml onetimeuse assertion replay in idp-initiated broker flow
Summary
A flaw was found in the SAML broker component of Keycloak, an identity and access management solution. When configured as a SAML broker using the IdP-Initiated flow, Keycloak fails to enforce the OneTimeUse condition in SAML assertions. This allows an attacker who captures a valid, unused assertion to replay it multiple times. Successful exploitation could allow an attacker to hijack a user's session and gain unauthorized access to the system as that user.
Severity
6.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-06 17:25 UTC
CWE
- CWE-294 - Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
Assigner
redhat
CNA
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-18967 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2511604 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Build of Keycloak |
cpe:/a:redhat:build_keycloak:
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack |
cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Single Sign-On 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7
|
Date Public
2026-07-31 14:42
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CVE-2026-17268 (GCVE-0-2026-17268)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-12 17:21 – Updated: 2026-08-12 18:50
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
IBM i is Affected By Multiple Vulnerabilities in Navigator for i
Summary
IBM i 7.6, 7.5, 7.4, and 7.3 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to bypass security restrictions due to improper validation of a session token.
Severity
6.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-12 18:49 UTC
CWE
- CWE-294 - Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
Assigner
ibm
CNA
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7283292 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | i |
Affected:
7.6
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CVE-2026-17045 (GCVE-0-2026-17045)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-13 19:54 – Updated: 2026-08-17 18:18
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
IBM i is Affected By Multiple Vulnerabilities in Digital Certificate Manager
Summary
IBM i 7.6, 7.5, 7.4, and 7.3 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to perform unauthorized operations and access sensitive information due to improper session management.
Severity
8.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-17 17:10 UTC
CWE
- CWE-294 - Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
Assigner
ibm
CNA
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7283569 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | i |
Affected:
7.6
Affected: 7.5 Affected: 7.4 Affected: 7.3 cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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"value": "\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIBM strongly recommends addressing the vulnerability now.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003ccolgroup\u003e\u003ccol/\u003e\u003ccol/\u003e\u003ccol/\u003e\u003c/colgroup\u003e\u003cthead\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIBM i Release\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e5770-SS1 Option 34\u003cbr/\u003ePTF Number(s)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePTF Download Link(s)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/thead\u003e\u003ctbody\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003e7.6\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003eSJ10907\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.ibm.com/mysupport/s/fix-information?legacy=SJ10907\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"\u003ehttps://www.ibm.com/mysupport/s/fix-information?legacy=SJ10907\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003e7.5\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003eSJ10906\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.ibm.com/mysupport/s/fix-information?legacy=SJ10906\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"\u003ehttps://www.ibm.com/mysupport/s/fix-information?legacy=SJ10906\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003e7.4\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003eSJ10905\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.ibm.com/mysupport/s/fix-information?legacy=SJ10905\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"\u003ehttps://www.ibm.com/mysupport/s/fix-information?legacy=SJ10905\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003e7.3\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003eSJ10904\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.ibm.com/mysupport/s/fix-information?legacy=SJ10904\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"\u003ehttps://www.ibm.com/mysupport/s/fix-information?legacy=SJ10904\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/tbody\u003e\u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eIBM recommends users running unsupported versions of affected products upgrade to a supported and fixed version of affected products.\u003c/p\u003e"
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}
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"title": "IBM i is Affected By Multiple Vulnerabilities in Digital Certificate Manager"
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CVE-2026-16083 (GCVE-0-2026-16083)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-18 08:30 – Updated: 2026-07-20 17:36
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Sipeed PicoClaw LINE Webhook line.go webhook.ParseRequest authentication replay
Summary
A security flaw has been discovered in Sipeed PicoClaw up to 0.2.9. This affects the function webhook.ParseRequest of the file pkg/channels/line/line.go of the component LINE Webhook. The manipulation results in authentication bypass by capture-replay. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks. The reported GitHub issue was closed automatically with the label "not planned" by a bot.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-20 17:35 UTC
Assigner
VulDB
CNA
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/379795 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/379795/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-16083 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/852945 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/issues/3073 | exploitissue-tracking |
| https://github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/ | product |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-13734 (GCVE-0-2026-13734)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-28 20:38 – Updated: 2026-09-01 12:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Zephyr WireGuard mutates peer state before anti-replay check, enabling capture-replay endpoint hijack
Summary
Zephyr's WireGuard VPN data-plane receive handler wg_process_data_message() in subsys/net/lib/wireguard/wg_crypto.c validated the anti-replay counter too late. After AEAD decryption of a MESSAGE_TRANSPORT_DATA packet succeeded, the code committed several peer-state changes — update_peer_addr() (endpoint roaming update), the keypair->last_rx/peer->last_rx liveness timers, and keypair_update() (promote next→current and destroy the previous keypair) — and only afterward called wg_check_replay(). On a replayed packet the replay check returned -EINVAL, but none of the preceding mutations were rolled back.
The AEAD tag authenticates content but not freshness, so a replayed-but-authentic transport packet decrypts correctly. An attacker who captures one valid ciphertext off the wire (an on-path or shared-medium observer) can re-inject it from an arbitrary spoofed source address. Reaching the handler requires no credentials: it is driven directly from inbound UDP datagrams via the dispatch in subsys/net/lib/wireguard/wg.c.
Because the state mutations committed before the replay check, the replay repoints the peer endpoint to the attacker-chosen source address (roaming hijack), redirecting the victim's subsequent outbound tunnel traffic until the legitimate peer's next packet re-corrects it; it also prematurely destroys the previous keypair and refreshes the RX liveness timer. The tunnel payload stays encrypted under the session keypair, so this is an integrity/availability impact (traffic redirection and session disruption), not payload disclosure. The fix moves wg_check_replay() to immediately after a successful decrypt, before any peer-state mutation, matching the WireGuard specification and the Linux reference implementation.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-01 12:26 UTC
CWE
- CWE-294 - auth
Assigner
zephyr
CNA
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| zephyrproject | zephyr |
Affected:
4.4.0 , < 4.4.2
(semver)
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CVE-2026-12704 (GCVE-0-2026-12704)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-02 16:05 – Updated: 2026-09-03 08:07
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
SAML assertion replay via skipped InResponseTo validation
Summary
When SAML IdP-initiated login is enabled in Grafana Enterprise, the SAML library skips validation of the InResponseTo field on all SAML responses, including SP-initiated logins. This removes anti-replay protection, allowing an attacker who obtains a valid signed SAML assertion to replay it and gain a session as the victim user. Only instances with the allow_idp_initiated SAML setting enabled are affected; this setting is off by default and Grafana OSS is not affected.
Severity
6.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-02 18:06 UTC
CWE
Assigner
GRAFANA
CNA
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://grafana.com/security/security-advisories/… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Grafana | Grafana Enterprise |
Affected:
11.6.0 , ≤ 11.6.17
(semver)
Affected: 12.2.0 , ≤ 12.2.11 (semver) Affected: 12.3.0 , ≤ 12.3.11 (semver) Affected: 12.4.0 , ≤ 12.4.10 (semver) Affected: 13.0.0 , ≤ 13.0.7 (semver) Affected: 13.1.0 , ≤ 13.1.4 (semver) Affected: 13.2.0 , ≤ 13.2.0 (semver) |
Date Public
2026-09-02 00:00
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CVE-2026-12655 (GCVE-0-2026-12655)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-13 14:08 – Updated: 2026-10-15 19:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
1732E ArmorBlock® - Multiple Vulnerabilities
Summary
A security issue exists within 1732E ArmorBlock® I/O, where an unauthenticated attacker can change the device's webserver password without valid credentials. This could result in admin account takeover or unauthorized modification of device configuration.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-15 17:32 UTC
CWE
- CWE-294 - Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
Assigner
Rockwell
CNA
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rockwell Automation | 1732E ArmorBlock® I/O |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 3.012
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-10-13 13:00
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CVE-2026-11856 (GCVE-0-2026-11856)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-03 06:13 – Updated: 2026-09-15 06:02
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
cross-origin Digest auth state leak
Summary
Successfully using libcurl to do a transfer to a specific HTTP origin
(`hostA`) with **Digest** authentication and then changing the origin to a
different one (`hostB`) for a second transfer, reusing the same handle, makes
libcurl wrongly pass on the `Authorization:` header field meant for `hostA`,
to `hostB`.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-06 18:22 UTC
CWE
- CWE-294 - Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
Assigner
curl
CNA
References
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| curl | curl |
Affected:
7.10.6 , < 8.14.2
(semver)
Affected: 8.15.0 , < 8.16.1 (semver) Affected: 8.17.0 , < 8.20.1 (semver) |
|
| curl | curl |
Affected:
334d78cd18a7310144383929bdcef34ffbf6159b , < 5c6b4880357ab3e72967c1c45cae0f96ffabc535
(git)
|
|
| curl | curl |
Affected:
8.20.0
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"version": "7.73.0"
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},
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"version": "7.47.0"
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},
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CVE-2026-9398 (GCVE-0-2026-9398)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-24 20:45 – Updated: 2026-05-29 18:17
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Besen BS20 EV Charging Station BLE/WiFi authentication replay
Summary
A security vulnerability has been detected in Besen BS20 EV Charging Station up to 20260426. This affects an unknown part of the component BLE/WiFi. Such manipulation leads to authentication bypass by capture-replay. The attack must be carried out from within the local network. Attacks of this nature are highly complex. It is indicated that the exploitability is difficult. The original disclosure mentions, that "[t]hese vulnerabilities have been reported to Besen and we have received their acknowlegement that they are reviewing this as of April 2026."
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-29 18:17 UTC
Assigner
VulDB
CNA
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/365379 | vdb-entry |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/365379/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/813577 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/carfeii/besen#finding-5-unauth… | related |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Besen | BS20 EV Charging Station |
Affected:
20260426
cpe:2.3:a:besen:bs20_ev_charging_station:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-9226 (GCVE-0-2026-9226)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-06 18:17 – Updated: 2026-10-07 15:16
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Authentication bypass in the Azure AD external login flow in Devolutions Server 2026.3.7.0 and earlier allows a remote attacker to take over a user's account via replay of a captured login-session token exposed in a redirect URL.
Severity
6.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-07 15:16 UTC
CWE
- CWE-294 - Authentication bypass by capture-replay
Assigner
DEVOLUTIONS
CNA
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Devolutions | Server |
Affected:
0 , < 2026.3.8
(custom)
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Utilize some sequence or time stamping functionality along with a checksum which takes this into account in order to ensure that messages can be parsed only once.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Since any attacker who can listen to traffic can see sequence numbers, it is necessary to sign messages with some kind of cryptography to ensure that sequence numbers are not simply doctored along with content.
CAPEC-102: Session Sidejacking
Session sidejacking takes advantage of an unencrypted communication channel between a victim and target system. The attacker sniffs traffic on a network looking for session tokens in unencrypted traffic. Once a session token is captured, the attacker performs malicious actions by using the stolen token with the targeted application to impersonate the victim. This attack is a specific method of session hijacking, which is exploiting a valid session token to gain unauthorized access to a target system or information. Other methods to perform a session hijacking are session fixation, cross-site scripting, or compromising a user or server machine and stealing the session token.
CAPEC-509: Kerberoasting
Through the exploitation of how service accounts leverage Kerberos authentication with Service Principal Names (SPNs), the adversary obtains and subsequently cracks the hashed credentials of a service account target to exploit its privileges. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. As an authenticated user, the adversary may request Active Directory and obtain a service ticket with portions encrypted via RC4 with the private key of the authenticated account. By extracting the local ticket and saving it disk, the adversary can brute force the hashed value to reveal the target account credentials.
CAPEC-555: Remote Services with Stolen Credentials
This pattern of attack involves an adversary that uses stolen credentials to leverage remote services such as RDP, telnet, SSH, and VNC to log into a system. Once access is gained, any number of malicious activities could be performed.
CAPEC-561: Windows Admin Shares with Stolen Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows administrator credentials (e.g. userID/password) to access Windows Admin Shares on a local machine or within a Windows domain.
CAPEC-60: Reusing Session IDs (aka Session Replay)
This attack targets the reuse of valid session ID to spoof the target system in order to gain privileges. The attacker tries to reuse a stolen session ID used previously during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking. Another name for this type of attack is Session Replay.
CAPEC-644: Use of Captured Hashes (Pass The Hash)
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows domain credential hash values to access systems within the domain that leverage the Lan Man (LM) and/or NT Lan Man (NTLM) authentication protocols.
CAPEC-645: Use of Captured Tickets (Pass The Ticket)
An adversary uses stolen Kerberos tickets to access systems/resources that leverage the Kerberos authentication protocol. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. An adversary can obtain any one of these tickets (e.g. Service Ticket, Ticket Granting Ticket, Silver Ticket, or Golden Ticket) to authenticate to a system/resource without needing the account's credentials. Depending on the ticket obtained, the adversary may be able to access a particular resource or generate TGTs for any account within an Active Directory Domain.
CAPEC-652: Use of Known Kerberos Credentials
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Kerberos credentials (e.g. Kerberos service account userID/password or Kerberos Tickets) with the goal of achieving authenticated access to additional systems, applications, or services within the domain.
CAPEC-701: Browser in the Middle (BiTM)
An adversary exploits the inherent functionalities of a web browser, in order to establish an unnoticed remote desktop connection in the victim's browser to the adversary's system. The adversary must deploy a web client with a remote desktop session that the victim can access.
CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)
An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.