Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-178
AllowedImproper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product does not properly account for differences in case sensitivity when accessing or determining the properties of a resource, leading to inconsistent results.
105 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-100541 (GCVE-0-2026-100541)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-26 02:18 – Updated: 2026-10-08 15:21
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
OpenClaw Matrix before 2026.8.1 Authorization Bypass via Case Folding
Summary
OpenClaw's Matrix integration (npm package @openclaw/matrix) versions >= 2026.2.2 and < 2026.8.1 lowercase complete Matrix user IDs — including historical localparts and the case-sensitive server-name portion — when deriving the OpenClaw authorization identity. As a result, distinct authenticated Matrix accounts can normalize to the same authorization identity. A Matrix participant controlling a colliding account identifier (a protocol-valid identifier that differs from the configured one only by characters OpenClaw case/Unicode folds; display-name matching is not required) can inherit allowlist, owner-command, exec-approval, or plugin-approval authority configured for another account. The issue is fixed in 2026.8.1.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-29 17:33 UTC
CWE
- CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
VulnCheck
CNA
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/adv… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-mat… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-09-11 00:00
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CVE-2026-92700 (GCVE-0-2026-92700)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-23 17:58 – Updated: 2026-09-23 19:23
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Caddy: fileHidden() case-sensitive pattern bypass — exposes "hidden" files via case variation
Summary
Caddy is an extensible server platform that uses TLS by default. In version 2.11.3 and earlier, in modules/caddyhttp/fileserver/staticfiles.go, fileHidden() uses case-sensitive filepath.Match checks, so case variants can bypass hide rules on case-insensitive filesystems or when mixed-case paths coexist and expose files intended to be hidden.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-23 19:22 UTC
CWE
- CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| caddyserver | caddy |
Affected:
<= 2.11.3
|
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CVE-2026-90982 (GCVE-0-2026-90982)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 06:55 – Updated: 2026-09-17 12:33
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
@fastify/static vulnerable to route guard bypass via path case-folding
Summary
@fastify/static is a Fastify plugin that serves static files from a configured root directory. In versions before 10.1.4, on a case-insensitive filesystem such as Windows or the default macOS volume, a route guard or allowedPath restriction can be bypassed by altering the letter case of a path segment. The route matcher is case-sensitive while the filesystem is not, so a request that changes the case of a protected segment does not match the guarded route and falls through to the static handler, yet the filesystem resolves it to the same protected file. As a result, an unauthenticated request can read a file that a route guard or allowedPath was configured to protect. The issue does not affect case-sensitive filesystems and is not a directory traversal, since nothing is served from outside the configured root. The issue is fixed in @fastify/static 10.1.4, which validates the requested path against its actual on-disk spelling and rejects case-aliased paths before authorization. As a workaround, serve static files from a case-sensitive filesystem, or ensure route guards and allowedPath rules account for every letter-case variant of the protected paths.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-17 12:32 UTC
Assigner
openjs
CNA
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| @fastify/static | @fastify/static |
Affected:
0 , < 10.1.4
(semver)
Unaffected: 10.1.4 (semver) |
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CVE-2026-89322 (GCVE-0-2026-89322)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-07 22:01 – Updated: 2026-10-09 03:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Vault ACL Policy Evaluation May Allow Bypass of Deny Restrictions
Summary
Vault and Vault Enterprise did not consistently evaluate ACL policies against the canonical form of resource and policy names. This may allow an authenticated user with delegated permissions to bypass an explicit deny restriction and access a protected resource or assign a denied policy, potentially leading to privilege escalation. This vulnerability (CVE-2026-89322) is fixed in Vault Community Edition 2.1.2, and Vault Enterprise 2.1.2, 1.21.12, 1.20.17, and 1.19.23.
Severity
7.2 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-08 00:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
HashiCorp
CNA
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| HashiCorp | Vault |
Affected:
0.0.1 , < 2.1.2
(semver)
|
|
| HashiCorp | Vault Enterprise |
Affected:
0.0.1 , < 2.1.2
(semver)
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CVE-2026-89012 (GCVE-0-2026-89012)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-11 15:49 – Updated: 2026-10-01 15:21 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Dolibarr 24.0.0 < 24.0.1 SQL Filter Denylist Bypass via sqlfilters Parameter
Summary
Dolibarr 24.0.0 before 24.0.1 contains a case-sensitive denylist bypass vulnerability in the sqlfilters API query parameter that allows authenticated attackers to recover protected database fields by supplying uppercase variants of denylist-protected field names. Attackers can exploit the case-insensitive database column resolution against the case-sensitive denylist check in the core library to use prefix-matching predicates as a boolean oracle and extract full password hashes for any user account, including administrators.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-11 19:16 UTC
CWE
- CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
VulnCheck
CNA
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Dolibarr/dolibarr/releases/tag… | release-notes |
| https://github.com/Dolibarr/dolibarr/commit/7a04d… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/dolibarr-sql… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-08-30 00:00
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CVE-2026-87876 (GCVE-0-2026-87876)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-09 16:12 – Updated: 2026-11-07 13:41
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cups: openprinting cups: remaining case-insensitive username matching in scheduler side paths (cve-2026-27447 follow-up)
Summary
Two case-insensitive comparisons on request-derived usernames outside the main authorization path in CUPS's scheduler (printer ACL validation and private-attribute filtering) could allow bypass of username-based access controls in certain configurations.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-09 18:09 UTC
CWE
- CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
redhat
CNA
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:67568 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-87876 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2530991 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://github.com/OpenPrinting/cups/commit/88e67… | |
| https://github.com/OpenPrinting/cups/commit/f5684… | |
| https://github.com/OpenPrinting/cups/security/adv… |
Impacted products
7 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Hardened Images |
Unaffected:
2.4.19-4.2.hum1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:10
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 |
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_els:6
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_els:7
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:8
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4
|
Date Public
2026-09-09 00:00
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CVE-2026-86770 (GCVE-0-2026-86770)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-09 13:32 – Updated: 2026-09-14 13:31
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Snipe-IT before 8.7.0 Authentication Bypass via SAML Username Collation
Summary
Snipe-IT before 8.7.0 fails to validate username case sensitivity during SAML authentication, allowing attackers to authenticate as different users by registering IdP accounts with accent or case variants of victim usernames. Attackers can exploit the default utf8mb4_unicode_ci database collation to bypass username matching and achieve account takeover through federated login paths including SAML, LDAP, and OAuth.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-14 13:31 UTC
CWE
- CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
VulnCheck
CNA
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/grokability/snipe-it/security/… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/snipe-it-bef… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| grokability | snipe-it |
Affected:
8.6.3 , < 8.7.0
(semver)
Unaffected: 8.7.0 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:snipeitapp:snipe-it:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2026-08-24 00:00
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CVE-2026-86472 (GCVE-0-2026-86472)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-15 10:29 – Updated: 2026-09-15 12:35
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
fast-uri vulnerable to inconsistent host case normalization via percent-encoded octets
Summary
fast-uri is a dependency-free RFC 3986 URI parser for Node.js, used by Fastify and ajv. In versions before 2.4.7, from 3.0.0 through 3.1.7, and from 4.0.0 through 4.1.4, fast-uri folds the host to lowercase before it percent-decodes the host, so a percent-encoded uppercase octet such as %41 decodes to a literal A that is never folded. For a scheme-relative reference such as //host there is no scheme, so the host canonicalization that would normally repair this does not run, and parse, normalize, and equal then disagree on the same host. An application that makes a case-sensitive host decision on fast-uri output, for example a host allowlist or denylist that compares the parsed host or uses equal, can be steered past the check with a percent-encoded uppercase octet, and because hostnames are case-insensitive in DNS and HTTP the evading spelling still reaches the host the check meant to gate. The issue is fixed in fast-uri 2.4.7, 3.1.8, and 4.1.5, and users should upgrade to one of those versions or later. As a workaround, compare hosts case-insensitively by lowercasing the parsed host before any allowlist or denylist decision.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-15 12:35 UTC
CWE
- CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
openjs
CNA
References
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-85287 (GCVE-0-2026-85287)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-05 16:03 – Updated: 2026-11-09 17:16
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
HomeBox: Email Case-Sensitivity Bypass Allows Duplicate Account Creation and Login Denial of Service
Summary
HomeBox is a home inventory and organization system. Prior to 0.27.0, POST /api/v1/users/register and the users.email uniqueness constraint treat email addresses as case-sensitive while HomeBox uses a case-insensitive login lookup. An unauthenticated attacker who knows a victim's email can register a differently cased variant, creating duplicate rows that cause login to return 401 for both variants and deny the victim access, while also bypassing the one-account-per-email policy. This issue is fixed in version 0.27.0.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-09 17:16 UTC
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/sysadminsmedia/homebox/securit… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/sysadminsmedia/homebox/commit/… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/sysadminsmedia/homebox/release… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| sysadminsmedia | homebox |
Affected:
< 0.27.0
|
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CVE-2026-85254 (GCVE-0-2026-85254)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-19 10:36 – Updated: 2026-10-19 16:48
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache Camel: Camel-Platform-HTTP Request-Header Echo Suppression Bypassed by Header-Name Casing
Summary
Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity vulnerability in Apache Camel Platform HTTP component.
This issue affects Apache Camel: from 4.0.0 before 4.18.5, from 4.19.0 before 4.22.1.
The guard that prevents a request header being reflected into the response compared header names case sensitively, while HTTP header names are case insensitive. A caller could therefore defeat the suppression simply by varying the case of the header name. HTTP/2 makes the problem unconditional rather than optional: the protocol requires header names to be lowercase on the wire, so the comparison never matched and the suppression was inert for every request on an HTTP/2 connection. The consequence is that content the caller chose is echoed back in the response, which is the basis for response-splitting and cache-poisoning style attacks against whatever sits in front of the Camel endpoint.
Upgrade to Apache Camel 4.23.0, which fixes the issue. Users on the 4.18.x LTS releases stream should upgrade to 4.18.5. Users on the 4.22.x LTS releases stream should upgrade to 4.22.1. Request header names are now compared case insensitively, so the suppression holds regardless of casing and works under HTTP/2. For deployments that cannot upgrade immediately, strip the headers in question in front of the Camel endpoint, or remove them from the response in the route rather than relying on the built-in suppression.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-19 16:48 UTC
CWE
- CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
apache
CNA
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://camel.apache.org/security/CVE-2026-85254.html | vendor-advisory |
| https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/CAMEL-24453 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/apache/camel/pull/25831 | patch |
| https://github.com/apache/camel/pull/25940 | patch |
| https://github.com/apache/camel/pull/25942 | patch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Camel |
Affected:
4.0.0 , < 4.18.5
(maven)
Affected: 4.19.0 , < 4.22.1 (maven) Unaffected: 4.18.5 (maven) Unaffected: 4.22.1 (maven) Unaffected: 4.23.0 (maven) |
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"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
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"title": "Apache Camel: Camel-Platform-HTTP Request-Header Echo Suppression Bypassed by Header-Name Casing",
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"assignerShortName": "apache",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-85254",
"datePublished": "2026-10-19T10:36:46.283Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-09-03T16:33:22.096Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-19T16:48:42.551Z",
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Mitigation MIT-44
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Input Validation
Avoid making decisions based on names of resources (e.g. files) if those resources can have alternate names.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation MIT-20
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.