Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-1333
AllowedInefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product uses a regular expression with a worst-case computational complexity that is inefficient and possibly exponential.
418 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-104861 (GCVE-0-2026-104861)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-02 17:56 – Updated: 2026-10-02 18:20
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
probe-image-size: Quadratic-time Denial of Service in the SVG Parser
Summary
probe-image-size gets image dimensions without downloading the entire file. Prior to 7.4.0, lib/parse_sync/svg.js and lib/parse_stream/svg.js use the searching regular expression /<[-_.:a-zA-Z0-9][^>]*>/, which repeatedly scans to the end of input when attacker-controlled data contains many less-than characters without a closing greater-than character. The synchronous parser converts and scans the full supplied buffer without an input cap, while the streaming parser reparses the complete accumulated SVG prefix for every received chunk. The probe.sync(), probe(stream), and probe(url) entry points can therefore block the Node.js event loop at full CPU, and attacker-controlled chunking can amplify the streaming cost. This issue is fixed in version 7.4.0.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-02 18:19 UTC
CWE
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/nodeca/probe-image-size/securi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/nodeca/probe-image-size/commit… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/nodeca/probe-image-size/commit… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/nodeca/probe-image-size/commit… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/nodeca/probe-image-size/releas… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nodeca | probe-image-size |
Affected:
< 7.4.0
|
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CVE-2026-104628 (GCVE-0-2026-104628)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-08 21:24 – Updated: 2026-10-09 13:21
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Satel Netco Design Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Summary
Satel Netco Design versions prior to v2.1.7 contains an inefficient regular expression complexity vulnerability. An authenticated user with Viewer privileges could submit crafted search input that causes excessive processing, potentially degrading the availability of the application.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-09 13:21 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
icscert
CNA
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Satel | Satel Netco Design |
Affected:
0 , < v2.1.7
(custom)
Unaffected: v2.1.7 |
Date Public
2026-10-08 15:00
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CVE-2026-104454 (GCVE-0-2026-104454)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-02 11:38 – Updated: 2026-10-02 14:50
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
YesWiki before 4.6.7 ReDoS via wakka.php Edit-Preview Endpoint
Summary
YesWiki before 4.6.7 contains an algorithmic-complexity denial of service in the wakka.php formatter due to an O(n^2) markdown-link regex. Unauthenticated attackers can submit a small crafted body of bracket characters to the page-edit preview endpoint to pin PHP-FPM workers and saturate the pool.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-02 14:47 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
VulnCheck
CNA
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/YesWiki/yeswiki/security/advis… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/yeswiki-befo… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-09-01 00:00
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CVE-2026-104150 (GCVE-0-2026-104150)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-15 18:42 – Updated: 2026-10-15 19:52
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
AdonisJS HTTP Server: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption and Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Summary
AdonisJS HTTP Server is a package for handling HTTP requests in the AdonisJS framework. Prior to 8.2.2 and 9.1.1, the regular expression returned by router.matchers.slug() contains adjacent greedy repetitions with overlapping character classes. When an application applies this matcher to an attacker-controlled route parameter, a long slug ending in a character rejected by the final assertion causes quadratic backtracking and excessive CPU use. Route matching occurs before route and group middleware, so authentication or rate-limiting middleware attached to the route may not prevent an unauthenticated request from blocking the Node.js event loop and stopping the worker from serving unrelated requests or health checks. This issue is fixed in versions 8.2.2 and 9.1.1.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-15 19:52 UTC
CWE
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/adonisjs/http-server/security/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/adonisjs/http-server/commit/86… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/adonisjs/http-server/commit/d8… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/adonisjs/http-server/releases/… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/adonisjs/http-server/releases/… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| adonisjs | http-server |
Affected:
< 8.2.2
Affected: >= 9.0.0, < 9.1.1 |
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CVE-2026-103043 (GCVE-0-2026-103043)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-29 22:51 – Updated: 2026-10-20 01:48
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
anchorme through 3.0.8 Regular Expression Denial of Service
Summary
anchorme through 3.0.8 contains a regular expression denial of service vulnerability in the IPv6 host extraction regex due to catastrophic backtracking. Attackers can supply specially crafted input strings with repeated patterns to cause exponential regex engine backtracking, blocking the Node.js event loop and denying service to other requests.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-30 19:13 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
VulnCheck
CNA
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://gist.github.com/mmadersbacher/46050b4224e… | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/alexcorvi/anchorme.js/blob/f3a… | technical-description |
| https://www.npmjs.com/package/anchorme | product |
| https://github.com/alexcorvi/anchorme.js | product |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/anchorme-thr… | third-party-advisory |
| https://gist.github.com/R3tro16/92948206e9893a373… | technical-descriptionexploit |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-09-29 00:00
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CVE-2026-102990 (GCVE-0-2026-102990)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-30 19:44 – Updated: 2026-09-30 20:05
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
basic-ftp: Quadratic-time CPU denial of service in Client.list() Unix directory-listing parser (RE_LINE backtracking)
Summary
basic-ftp is an FTP client for Node.js. Prior to 6.2.1, Client.list() can be forced by a malicious or compromised FTP server to spend quadratic CPU time parsing a directory listing because the RE_LINE expression in src/parseListUnix.ts backtracks across adjacent variable-length owner and group fields when a long Unix-style line has a valid prefix but cannot satisfy the later size and date fields. parseList() selects a parser from the last nonblank line and then applies it to every line, so a normal final line can select the Unix parser while an earlier crafted line blocks the Node.js event loop and freezes the process. This issue is fixed in version 6.2.1.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-30 20:05 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/patrickjuchli/basic-ftp/securi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/patrickjuchli/basic-ftp/commit… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/patrickjuchli/basic-ftp/releas… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| patrickjuchli | basic-ftp |
Affected:
< 6.2.1
|
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CVE-2026-102473 (GCVE-0-2026-102473)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-29 09:22 – Updated: 2026-11-05 16:04
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Dash: dash: super-polynomial backtracking in pmatch when libc fnmatch is disabled
Summary
A flaw was found in dash. When built without libc fnmatch, the internal pmatch() matcher implements * by unbounded recursion over candidate positions. A local user who can plant filenames, or otherwise feed that matcher, can make a short multi-star pattern such as *.*.*.*.*.tar.gz consume excessive CPU.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-30 19:42 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
redhat
CNA
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-102473 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2543005 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 |
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_els:6
|
Date Public
2026-09-29 00:00
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CVE-2026-102408 (GCVE-0-2026-102408)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-06 19:31 – Updated: 2026-10-06 19:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity in Elasticsearch Leading to Denial of Service
Summary
Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity (CWE-1333) in Elasticsearch can lead to denial of service via Regular Expression Exponential Blowup (CAPEC-492). The ES|QL CHUNK function's recursive chunking strategy accepts a list of user-supplied regular expressions used as text-splitting separators, without validating their computational complexity or bounding their execution time. An authenticated user with read access to any text-based index can submit a specially crafted regular expression that triggers catastrophic backtracking, consuming excessive CPU on Elasticsearch worker threads and degrading query throughput for other tenants on the affected node. The cluster does not crash as a result of this issue.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-06 19:55 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
elastic
CNA
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Elastic | Elasticsearch |
Affected:
8.19.0 , ≤ 8.19.21
(semver)
Affected: 9.1.0 , ≤ 9.3.8 (semver) Affected: 9.4.0 , ≤ 9.4.7 (semver) Affected: 9.5.0 , ≤ 9.5.4 (semver) |
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CVE-2026-102270 (GCVE-0-2026-102270)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-28 20:29 – Updated: 2026-09-29 19:36
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
PyJWT: ReDoS vulnerability when calling the `is_pem_format` function.
Summary
PyJWT is a Python implementation of JSON Web Token standards. Prior to 2.14.0, PyJWT is_pem_format is affected because lazy PEM regular expression backtracks extensively. This occurs when a certificate-like input contains repeated BEGIN markers without a matching END marker. As a result, is_pem_format performs unbounded backtracking while searching for a PEM end marker. Consequently, an attacker can cause intensive CPU consumption. This issue is fixed in version 2.14.0.
Severity
4.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-29 19:36 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/jpadilla/pyjwt/security/adviso… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/jpadilla/pyjwt/commit/8b4e233a… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/jpadilla/pyjwt/releases/tag/2.14.0 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-101906 (GCVE-0-2026-101906)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-28 17:32 – Updated: 2026-09-28 19:15
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Axios: ReDoS (O(N²)) in shouldBypassProxy host normalization, reachable via untrusted redirect Location
Summary
Axios is a promise-based HTTP client for the browser and Node.js. From 1.15.0 until 1.20.0, Axios shouldBypassProxy applies a quadratic trailing-dot regular expression to redirect hostnames. HTTP_PROXY or HTTPS_PROXY is configured, NO_PROXY or no_proxy is non-empty, redirects are followed, and a crafted redirect Location contains many dots followed by a non-dot character. Hostname.replace(/.+$/, '') backtracks quadratically while processing the crafted redirect hostname. Synchronous regular-expression processing can block the Node.js event loop and cause denial of service. This issue is fixed in version 1.20.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-28 19:15 UTC
CWE
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/axios/axios/security/advisorie… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/axios/axios/pull/11141 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/axios/axios/commit/d19040bda7a… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/axios/axios/releases/tag/v1.20.0 | x_refsource_MISC |
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Use regular expressions that do not support backtracking, e.g. by removing nested quantifiers.
Mitigation
System Configuration
Set backtracking limits in the configuration of the regular expression implementation, such as PHP's pcre.backtrack_limit. Also consider limits on execution time for the process.
Mitigation
Implementation
Do not use regular expressions with untrusted input. If regular expressions must be used, avoid using backtracking in the expression.
Mitigation
Implementation
Limit the length of the input that the regular expression will process.
CAPEC-492: Regular Expression Exponential Blowup
An adversary may execute an attack on a program that uses a poor Regular Expression(Regex) implementation by choosing input that results in an extreme situation for the Regex. A typical extreme situation operates at exponential time compared to the input size. This is due to most implementations using a Nondeterministic Finite Automaton(NFA) state machine to be built by the Regex algorithm since NFA allows backtracking and thus more complex regular expressions.