Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
4535 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-75615 (GCVE-0-2026-75615)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-05 16:49 – Updated: 2026-11-09 22:21
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ASN1SCC: Out-of-bounds read via unvalidated character index in ASN.1 string decoders
Summary
ASN1SCC is an open source ASN.1 compiler for embedded systems. Prior to 4.7.0.1, the ACN runtime function Acn_Dec_String_CharIndex_private in asn1crt/asn1crt_encoding_acn.c and the generated uPER decoder InternalItem_string_with_alpha_decode in StgC/uper_c.stg do not validate a decoded character index before reading allowedCharSet. For string alphabets whose size is not a power of two, a crafted message can select an unused encoded index, read a small bounded window of adjacent static program constants, and return the byte as a successfully decoded character. The full 128-character IA5String alphabet is not affected. This issue is fixed in version 4.7.0.1.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-09 22:21 UTC
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/esa/asn1scc/security/advisorie… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/esa/asn1scc/commit/fe6ab763bc6… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/esa/asn1scc/releases/tag/4.7.0.1 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-75147 (GCVE-0-2026-75147)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 16:29 – Updated: 2026-10-27 10:14 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FFmpeg Out-of-Bounds Read in AV1 RTP Packetizer via rtpenc_av1.c
Summary
FFmpeg before commit 983dae9 contains an out-of-bounds read in the AV1 RTP packetizer (libavformat/rtpenc_av1.c). The keyframe detection loop that searches for a sequence header OBU advanced its pointer and remaining-size counter by the encoded header length plus the OBU payload size without first bounding the OBU size against the remaining data. A crafted OBU size causes the remaining-size counter to wrap to a positive value, causing the next loop iteration to dereference a pointer beyond the end of the packet buffer. A crafted AV1 input packet muxed to RTP triggers the out-of-bounds read.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-25 02:19 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
VulnCheck
CNA
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/pulls/24096 | issue-tracking |
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/commit/983d… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ffmpeg-out-o… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-08-04 00:00
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CVE-2026-75146 (GCVE-0-2026-75146)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 16:28 – Updated: 2026-10-27 10:14 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FFmpeg Out-of-Bounds Read in DASH Demuxer via dashdec.c
Summary
FFmpeg before commit 65b0dab contains an out-of-bounds read in the DASH demuxer (libavformat/dashdec.c). When a live DASH manifest is refreshed with a startNumber that is lower than the previous value, the current sequence number is driven negative. The fragment retrieval function checked only the upper bound before indexing the fragments array, allowing a negative index to be used and causing an out-of-bounds read. A malicious or misconfigured DASH server can trigger this by serving a live manifest with a decreasing startNumber across a manifest refresh.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-20 14:55 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
VulnCheck
CNA
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/pulls/24093 | issue-tracking |
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/commit/65b0… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ffmpeg-out-o… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-08-04 00:00
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CVE-2026-75090 (GCVE-0-2026-75090)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-18 01:15 – Updated: 2026-08-18 13:36 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
EricLBuehler Mistral.rs GGUF Tokenizer gguf_tokenizer.rs convert_gguf_to_hf_tokenizer out-of-bounds
Summary
A vulnerability was detected in EricLBuehler Mistral.rs up to 0.8.22. Affected by this issue is the function convert_gguf_to_hf_tokenizer of the file mistralrs-core/src/gguf/gguf_tokenizer.rs of the component GGUF Tokenizer. The manipulation of the argument eos_token_id/bos_token_id/unknown_token_id results in out-of-bounds read. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. Upgrading to version 0.8.23 can resolve this issue. The patch is identified as cd5297e2ea5cb27c790bdcf2f3c2f1064a81d55e. Upgrading the affected component is recommended.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-18 13:30 UTC
Assigner
VulDB
CNA
References
9 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/391327 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/391327/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-75090 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/877270 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/EricLBuehler/mistral.rs/issues/2225 | exploitissue-tracking |
| https://github.com/EricLBuehler/mistral.rs/pull/2282 | issue-trackingpatch |
| https://github.com/EricLBuehler/mistral.rs/commit… | patch |
| https://github.com/EricLBuehler/mistral.rs/releas… | patch |
| https://github.com/EricLBuehler/mistral.rs/ | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| EricLBuehler | Mistral.rs |
Affected:
0.8.0
Affected: 0.8.1 Affected: 0.8.2 Affected: 0.8.3 Affected: 0.8.4 Affected: 0.8.5 Affected: 0.8.6 Affected: 0.8.7 Affected: 0.8.8 Affected: 0.8.9 Affected: 0.8.10 Affected: 0.8.11 Affected: 0.8.12 Affected: 0.8.13 Affected: 0.8.14 Affected: 0.8.15 Affected: 0.8.16 Affected: 0.8.17 Affected: 0.8.18 Affected: 0.8.19 Affected: 0.8.20 Affected: 0.8.21 Affected: 0.8.22 Unaffected: 0.8.23 cpe:2.3:a:ericlbuehler:mistral.rs:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-75085 (GCVE-0-2026-75085)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-14 16:46 – Updated: 2026-11-04 05:01
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Out-of-bounds read from received-frame length underflow in the STM32WBA IEEE 802.15.4 driver
Summary
The STM32WBA IEEE 802.15.4 driver in drivers/ieee802154/ieee802154_stm32wba.c computed the packet length of a received frame as pkt_len = rx_frame->length - IEEE802154_FCS_LENGTH without first checking that the radio-reported length could hold an FCS. pkt_len is a uint8_t, so a reported length of 0 or 1 wrapped to 254 or 255. The only bound on the resulting value was __ASSERT_NO_MSG(pkt_len <= CONFIG_NET_BUF_DATA_SIZE), which compiles to nothing in the default production configuration (CONFIG_ASSERT=n).
The length originates in the ST link-layer receive-done metadata (p_metadata->length, stored by stm32wba_802154_receive_done()), and ultimately in the PHY header of a frame received over the air, so it is influenced by any attacker within radio range of the device. Reaching the underflow requires the vendor link layer to surface a frame shorter than the FCS with no error; the driver performed no validation of its own on that value.
When the underflow occurs, stm32wba_802154_rx_thread() calls net_pkt_write(pkt, rx_frame->psdu, pkt_len) with a length of about 254 bytes against a receive buffer that holds at most one PHY packet (IEEE802154_MAX_PHY_PACKET_SIZE, 127 bytes). This reads roughly 128 bytes past the end of the radio receive buffer and copies that adjacent memory into a network packet that is submitted to the networking stack, giving an out-of-bounds read with a potential disclosure of adjacent RAM plus needless oversized packet allocation in the RX thread.
The fix rejects a frame whose reported length is smaller than IEEE802154_FCS_LENGTH before the subtraction, and replaces the compiled-out assertion with a runtime length check that drops oversized frames — matching the runtime check already present in drivers/ieee802154/ieee802154_nrf5.c.
Severity
4.2 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-16 15:23 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - bounds
Assigner
zephyr
CNA
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| zephyrproject | zephyr |
Affected:
4.3.0 , < 4.3.2
(semver)
Affected: 4.4.0 , < 4.5.0 (semver) |
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CVE-2026-75032 (GCVE-0-2026-75032)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-18 14:33 – Updated: 2026-11-06 00:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Bluez: bluez: out-of-bounds read in avrcp parse_media_element and parse_media_folder
Summary
A flaw was found in BlueZ. Insufficient validation of packet length fields in GetFolderItems responses within the Audio/Video Remote Control Profile (AVRCP) implementation allows a malicious Bluetooth device within range to cause an out-of-bounds memory read. This vulnerability, affecting the parse_media_element() and parse_media_folder() functions, can lead to a crash of the bluetoothd daemon, resulting in a Denial of Service (DoS). It could also potentially expose sensitive heap memory contents. Exploitation requires user interaction to pair with the malicious device.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-19 14:29 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
redhat
CNA
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-75032 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2517490 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
5 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:10
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 |
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_els:6
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_els:7
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:8
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9
|
Date Public
2026-08-17 00:00
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CVE-2026-74765 (GCVE-0-2026-74765)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-22 07:18 – Updated: 2026-09-22 17:07
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Net::IDN::Punycode versions before 2.590 for Perl allow an out-of-bounds read via integer overflow of the delta accumulator in encode_punycode
Summary
Net::IDN::Punycode versions before 2.590 for Perl allow an out-of-bounds read via integer overflow of the delta accumulator in encode_punycode.
The XS backend keeps the punycode delta, and the digit index derived from it, in a signed int. The accumulation `delta += (m-n) * (h+1)` has no overflow check, so a large enough code point wraps the delta and the digit index leaves the range of the 36-entry digit table. The bound before the final table access tests only for an index above 36, so a negative index passes it, as does 36 itself. Perl strings hold code points beyond the Unicode range, and one such code point overflows the accumulation on its own. Valid input wraps it as well, for example 1927 ASCII letters followed by U+10FFFF. The conversion functions encode a label before they check its length, so a long label reaches the encoder through the documented API.
Only the XS backend is affected.
Encoding an attacker-supplied string copies a byte from outside the digit table into the encoded result or crashes the process.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-22 13:50 UTC
Assigner
CPANSec
CNA
References
6 references
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CVE-2026-74238 (GCVE-0-2026-74238)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-17 18:12 – Updated: 2026-08-20 15:24 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
TIER IV Nebula 1.2.0 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via VLP32 UDP Decoder
Summary
TIER IV Nebula through 1.2.0 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the Vlp32Decoder::unpack() function that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to cause the decoder to read past the end of a received UDP buffer into adjacent heap memory by sending a short UDP datagram. Attackers can send a malformed datagram to the Velodyne UDP sensor port, which lacks sender-address restrictions present in other drivers, causing fabricated points derived from heap memory contents to be silently published into downstream PointCloud2 messages consumed by Autoware nodes.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-20 13:48 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
VulnCheck
CNA
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/tier4/nebula/issues/488 | issue-tracking |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/tier-iv-nebu… | third-party-advisory |
Date Public
2026-08-17 00:00
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CVE-2026-73863 (GCVE-0-2026-73863)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-18 16:20 – Updated: 2026-09-24 20:59
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
NanoMQ: Heap-Buffer-Overflow in `nmq_subinfo_decode()` During MQTT v5 SUBSCRIBE Parsing
Summary
NanoMQ is an MQTT broker. Prior to 0.24.14, NanoMQ's broker-side MQTT v5 nmq_subinfo_decode() function in nng/src/sp/protocol/mqtt/mqtt_parser.c reuses len_of_varint from the outer Properties Length while parsing each SUBSCRIPTION_IDENTIFIER. A remote client can send a SUBSCRIBE packet with a multi-byte Properties Length and repeated subscription identifiers, causing get_var_integer() to begin at an incorrect offset and read beyond the heap message buffer. The flaw is reachable through the broker receive path and can crash the broker, while the separately reported topic-option off-by-one occurs later and is not this vulnerability. This issue is fixed in version 0.24.14.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-24 20:59 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/nanomq/nanomq/security/advisor… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/nanomq/NanoNNG/pull/1518 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/nanomq/NanoNNG/commit/f888fe39… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/nanomq/nanomq/releases/tag/0.24.14 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-73638 (GCVE-0-2026-73638)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 21:18 – Updated: 2026-09-22 18:28
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Imager versions from 0.45_02 before 1.035 for Perl read outside the EXIF block via unchecked start offsets in tiff_load_ifd
Summary
Imager versions from 0.45_02 before 1.035 for Perl read outside the EXIF block via unchecked start offsets in tiff_load_ifd.
tiff_load_ifd() validates an IFD entry's data by checking that `entry->offset + entry->size` stays within the EXIF block, and never checks the start offset itself. Where that sum is not the real end of the data, the check passes with the entry starting outside the block.
Through 1.032 `entry->offset` is a plain int, so on the usual two's-complement implementations an offset with the high bit set converts to negative and the sum can land back inside the block. From 1.033 the field is a size_t and the addition wraps only where size_t is 32 bits. The IFD's own start offset is checked the same way and wraps where unsigned long is 32 bits, which includes 64-bit Windows.
Any caller of Imager->read() on an attacker-supplied image may receive EXIF tags holding bytes from outside the block, or crash the process.
Severity
6.2 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-22 18:01 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
CPANSec
CNA
References
7 references
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],
"packageName": "Imager",
"packageURL": "pkg:cpan/Imager",
"programFiles": [
"imexif.c"
],
"programRoutines": [
{
"name": "tiff_load_ifd"
}
],
"repo": "https://github.com/tonycoz/imager",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "1.035",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0.45_02",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Imager versions from 0.45_02 before 1.035 for Perl read outside the EXIF block via unchecked start offsets in tiff_load_ifd.\n\ntiff_load_ifd() validates an IFD entry\u0027s data by checking that `entry-\u003eoffset + entry-\u003esize` stays within the EXIF block, and never checks the start offset itself. Where that sum is not the real end of the data, the check passes with the entry starting outside the block.\n\nThrough 1.032 `entry-\u003eoffset` is a plain int, so on the usual two\u0027s-complement implementations an offset with the high bit set converts to negative and the sum can land back inside the block. From 1.033 the field is a size_t and the addition wraps only where size_t is 32 bits. The IFD\u0027s own start offset is checked the same way and wraps where unsigned long is 32 bits, which includes 64-bit Windows.\n\nAny caller of Imager-\u003eread() on an attacker-supplied image may receive EXIF tags holding bytes from outside the block, or crash the process."
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-125",
"description": "CWE-125 Out-of-bounds Read",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-09-17T21:18:51.046Z",
"orgId": "9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e",
"shortName": "CPANSec"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://github.com/tonycoz/imager/security/advisories/GHSA-j47j-8w8p-3mmc"
},
{
"tags": [
"patch"
],
"url": "https://github.com/tonycoz/imager/commit/48ba8ac0749f89466b6e6681fb88cbdb51086ebd.patch"
},
{
"tags": [
"patch"
],
"url": "https://github.com/tonycoz/imager/commit/6f1fd003a8e48c7e6e58b7019a04cc71bbfec2c3.patch"
},
{
"tags": [
"issue-tracking"
],
"url": "https://github.com/tonycoz/imager/issues/568"
},
{
"tags": [
"issue-tracking"
],
"url": "https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1144226"
},
{
"tags": [
"release-notes"
],
"url": "https://metacpan.org/release/TONYC/Imager-1.035/changes"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Upgrade to Imager 1.035 or later."
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"timeline": [
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-08-19T00:00:00.000Z",
"value": "Version 1.035 released with fix."
}
],
"title": "Imager versions from 0.45_02 before 1.035 for Perl read outside the EXIF block via unchecked start offsets in tiff_load_ifd",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "cpansec-cna-tool 0.1"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e",
"assignerShortName": "CPANSec",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-73638",
"datePublished": "2026-09-17T21:18:51.046Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-08-13T12:51:42.912Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-09-22T18:28:03.781Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.