Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-125

Allowed

Out-of-bounds Read

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

4527 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-125405 (GCVE-0-2026-125405)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-09 23:28 – Updated: 2026-11-09 23:28
VLAI
Title
Ettercap through 0.8.4.1 Out-of-Bounds Read via HTTP NTLM Authentication Parsing
Summary
Ettercap through 0.8.4.1 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in Parse_NTLM_Auth() in src/dissectors/ec_http.c due to unvalidated NTLM message offsets. Attackers can send a crafted HTTP Authorization header observed by Ettercap to read beyond the buffer, disclosing memory or crashing the process.
Severity
7.2 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H
CWE
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Ettercap ettercap Affected: 0 , ≤ 0.8.4.1 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:ettercap-project:ettercap:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-11-06 00:00
Credits
Adiel Sol, Arad Inbar, Erez Cohen, Nir Somech, Ben Grinberg, Daniel Lubel, Shir Sadon (DREAM Security Research Team) Emilio Escobar
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-125403 (GCVE-0-2026-125403)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-09 23:28 – Updated: 2026-11-09 23:28
VLAI
Title
Ettercap through 0.8.4.1 Out-of-Bounds Read via sslw_remove_sts
Summary
Ettercap through 0.8.4.1 contains an out-of-bounds read and size_t underflow vulnerability in sslw_remove_sts() in src/ec_sslwrap.c, caused by a stale length and an unchecked memmem() result when stripping Strict-Transport-Security headers. A malicious HTTPS server whose response passes through Ettercap's SSL interception can trigger out-of-bounds reads and memory corruption in the Ettercap process, which normally runs as root.
Severity
7.2 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
CWE
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Ettercap ettercap Affected: 0 , ≤ 0.8.4.1 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:ettercap-project:ettercap:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-11-06 00:00
Credits
Adiel Sol, Arad Inbar, Erez Cohen, Nir Somech, Ben Grinberg, Daniel Lubel, Shir Sadon (DREAM Security Research Team) Emilio Escobar
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-125402 (GCVE-0-2026-125402)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-09 23:28 – Updated: 2026-11-09 23:28
VLAI
Title
Ettercap through 0.8.4.1 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read via TLS SNI Parsing
Summary
Ettercap through 0.8.4.1 contains a heap out-of-bounds read vulnerability in sslw_get_clienthello_sni() in src/ec_sslwrap.c that trusts the unchecked 16-bit SNI length field. Network-adjacent attackers can send crafted TLS ClientHello messages during SSL interception to leak up to 64 KB of heap memory upstream or crash Ettercap.
Severity
7.2 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H
CWE
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Ettercap ettercap Affected: 0 , ≤ 0.8.4.1 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:ettercap-project:ettercap:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-11-06 00:00
Credits
Adiel Sol, Arad Inbar, Erez Cohen, Nir Somech, Ben Grinberg, Daniel Lubel, Shir Sadon (DREAM Security Research Team) Emilio Escobar
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-125270 (GCVE-0-2026-125270)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-09 19:12 – Updated: 2026-11-09 19:12
VLAI
Title
FFmpeg through 9.0.2 Heap Out-of-Bounds Read in V4L2 M2M Encoder
Summary
FFmpeg through 9.0.2 contains a heap out-of-bounds read vulnerability in v4l2_buffer_swframe_to_buf() in libavcodec/v4l2_buffers.c that mishandles frames with negative linesize. Attackers can supply bottom-up AVI or PNM/PFM files that are transcoded to a V4L2 M2M encoder, crashing the application or leaking heap memory into encoded output.
Severity
5.8 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H
CWE
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
FFmpeg FFmpeg Affected: 0 , ≤ 9.0.2 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:ffmpeg:ffmpeg:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-31 00:00
Credits
Joshua Rogers (AISLE Research) Wenjie Yin
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-125261 (GCVE-0-2026-125261)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-09 19:12 – Updated: 2026-11-09 19:12
VLAI
Title
FFmpeg through 9.0.2 SGI Encoder Out-of-Bounds Read via sgienc.c
Summary
FFmpeg through 9.0.2 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the SGI encoder's encode_frame() in libavcodec/sgienc.c, where unsigned size variables mis-handle negative linesize frames. Attackers can supply a video whose display matrix triggers autorotate vflip, so transcoding to SGI images reads pixel data far outside the frame and crashes the process.
Severity
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
6.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H
CWE
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
FFmpeg FFmpeg Affected: 0 , ≤ 9.0.2 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:ffmpeg:ffmpeg:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-11-02 00:00
Credits
Joshua Rogers (AISLE Research) Michael Niedermayer
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-125228 (GCVE-0-2026-125228)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-09 19:11 – Updated: 2026-11-09 19:11
VLAI
Title
FFmpeg before 8.1.3 and 9.x before 9.0.2 Out-of-Bounds Read in Vorbis Encoder
Summary
FFmpeg before 8.1.3 and 9.x before 9.0.2 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in put_vector() in libavcodec/vorbisenc.c when NaN samples leave the codebook entry at -1. Attackers can supply audio with NaN float samples to the native Vorbis encoder, causing heap reads before arrays that crash the application or leak adjacent heap memory into output.
Severity
5.8 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H
CWE
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
FFmpeg FFmpeg Affected: 0 , < 8.1.3 (custom)
Affected: 9.0 , < 9.0.2 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:ffmpeg:ffmpeg:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ffmpeg:ffmpeg:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-06 00:00
Credits
Joshua Rogers (AISLE Research) Michael Niedermayer
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-125211 (GCVE-0-2026-125211)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-09 19:11 – Updated: 2026-11-09 19:11
VLAI
Title
FFmpeg through 9.0.2 Heap Corruption via libaribcaption ASS Error Cleanup
Summary
FFmpeg through 9.0.2 contains an out-of-bounds read and invalid free vulnerability in aribcaption_trans_ass_subtitle() in libavcodec/libaribcaption.c that frees subtitle rectangles using region_count instead of num_rects. Attackers can supply crafted ARIB captions whose later region exceeds the 8 KiB AVBPrint limit, triggering cleanup that frees out-of-bounds pointers and corrupts the heap.
Severity
7.3 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
7 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
FFmpeg FFmpeg Affected: 0 , ≤ 9.0.2 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:ffmpeg:ffmpeg:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-10-10 00:00
Credits
Joshua Rogers (AISLE Research) Ruk Doe
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-125194 (GCVE-0-2026-125194)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-09 19:11 – Updated: 2026-11-09 21:06
VLAI
Title
FFmpeg through 9.0.2 Out-of-Bounds Read via PCM DVD Encoder
Summary
FFmpeg through 9.0.2 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in pcm_dvd_encode_frame() in libavcodec/pcm-dvdenc.c when a 24-bit final frame holds fewer samples than one block. Attackers can supply 24-bit 48 or 96 kHz audio whose length leaves a short final frame, causing the loop counter to wrap and crash the transcoding process.
Severity
6.8 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-09 21:01 UTC
CWE
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
FFmpeg FFmpeg Affected: 0 , ≤ 9.0.2 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:ffmpeg:ffmpeg:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-11-02 00:00
Credits
Joshua Rogers (AISLE Research) Michael Niedermayer
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-125193 (GCVE-0-2026-125193)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-09 19:11 – Updated: 2026-11-09 19:11
VLAI
Title
FFmpeg through 9.0.2 Out-of-Bounds Read via bitpacked_decode_uyvy422()
Summary
FFmpeg through 9.0.2 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in bitpacked_decode_uyvy422() in libavcodec/bitpacked_dec.c because it never verifies packets hold width * height * 2 bytes. Attackers can supply truncated bitpacked UYVY422 packets via crafted SDP/RFC 4175 RTP sessions or raw input to crash applications or expose adjacent heap memory.
Severity
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
6.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H
CWE
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
FFmpeg FFmpeg Affected: 0 , ≤ 9.0.2 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:ffmpeg:ffmpeg:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-11-03 00:00
Credits
Joshua Rogers (AISLE Research) Michael Niedermayer
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-125182 (GCVE-0-2026-125182)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-09 19:11 – Updated: 2026-11-09 19:11
VLAI
Title
FFmpeg through 9.0.2 Out-of-Bounds Read via Cook Decoder js_subband_start
Summary
FFmpeg through 9.0.2 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the Cook decoder joint_decode() function because cook_decode_init() does not check js_subband_start against subbands. Attackers can supply a crafted RealMedia file whose extradata causes reads past decode_buffer_0, leaking pointers and decoder state into decoded audio to help defeat ASLR.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
3.3 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
CWE
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
FFmpeg FFmpeg Affected: 0 , ≤ 9.0.2 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:ffmpeg:ffmpeg:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-29 00:00
Credits
Yuyao Jiang Joshua Rogers (AISLE Research) Michael Niedermayer
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Language Selection

Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.

CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers

An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.

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