Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-125

Allowed

Out-of-bounds Read

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

4527 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-122189 (GCVE-0-2026-122189)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-05 03:00 – Updated: 2026-11-05 20:51
VLAI
Title
OpenPPL ppl.nn CUDA Optimizer opt_graph.cc InitQuantization out-of-bounds
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in OpenPPL ppl.nn up to bb84dc9952809b3a5a0036858a3d9f68af1c83d5. The affected element is the function OptGraph::InitQuantization of the file src/ppl/nn/engines/cuda/optimizer/opt_graph.cc of the component CUDA Optimizer. Such manipulation of the argument per_channel/bit_width/tensor_max/tensor_min/scale leads to out-of-bounds read. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. This product does not use versioning. This is why information about affected and unaffected releases are unavailable. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:C
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-05 20:51 UTC
CWE
Assigner
VulDB CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
OpenPPL ppl.nn Affected: bb84dc9952809b3a5a0036858a3d9f68af1c83d5
    cpe:2.3:a:openppl:ppl.nn:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Dem000000 (VulDB User) VulDB CNA Team
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-121942 (GCVE-0-2026-121942)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-04 12:31 – Updated: 2026-11-04 18:53
VLAI
Title
ZBar through 0.23.95 Out-of-Bounds Read via _zbar_sq_decode() in sqcode.c
Summary
ZBar through 0.23.95 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in _zbar_sq_decode() in zbar/sqcode.c that allows attackers to read heap memory outside the image buffer via crafted SQ code images. Attackers can supply an image with a skewed SQ code finder pattern near the edge, producing unchecked sample coordinates that crash the decoder and leak bytes into output.
Severity
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
6.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-04 18:52 UTC
CWE
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
mchehab zbar Affected: 0 , ≤ 0.23.95 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-10-22 02:11
Credits
HaiND from the Post and Telecommunication Institute of Technology
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-121626 (GCVE-0-2026-121626)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-03 17:13 – Updated: 2026-11-07 03:19
VLAI
Title
GNU Gatekeeper before 5.16 Out-of-Bounds Read in H.460.24 RTCP Probe Handler
Summary
GNU Gatekeeper (gnugk) before 5.16 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in H46024Socket::ReceivedProbePacket() that allows remote attackers to cause a heap over-read by sending short probe packets. Attackers can send a short application-defined RTCP packet to the media port during H.460.24 probing to read past the heap allocation and possibly crash the gatekeeper.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
3.7 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-07 03:19 UTC
CWE
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
willamowius gnugk Affected: 0 , < 5.16 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-25 00:00
Credits
Tristan Madani (Talence Security) Jan Willamowius
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-121625 (GCVE-0-2026-121625)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-03 17:13 – Updated: 2026-11-03 17:24
VLAI
Title
GNU Gatekeeper before 5.16 Out-of-Bounds Read via RTCP SDES Parsing
Summary
GNU Gatekeeper (gnugk) before 5.16 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in ParseRTCP() in ProxyChannel.cxx that allows remote RTP peers to read heap memory past received packets. Attackers can send RTCP SDES items lacking a NUL byte to the media proxy port during proxied H.323 calls with EnableRTCPStats enabled, crashing the gatekeeper.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
3.7 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-03 17:24 UTC
CWE
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
willamowius gnugk Affected: 0 , < 5.16 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-25 00:00
Credits
Tristan Madani (Talence Security) Jan Willamowius
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-121604 (GCVE-0-2026-121604)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-03 16:26 – Updated: 2026-11-07 03:14
VLAI
Title
wlroots before 0.20.2 Out-of-Bounds Read via read_surface_class() in xwm.c
Summary
wlroots before 0.20.2 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in read_surface_class() in xwayland/xwm.c that allows local X11 clients to leak compositor heap memory. Attackers can set a WM_CLASS property with a NUL-terminated instance but unterminated class, exposing over-read heap bytes as the window class or app_id over IPC.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
3.3 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-07 03:14 UTC
CWE
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
wlroots wlroots Affected: 0 , < 0.20.2 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-05-21 00:00
Credits
Tristan Madani (Talence Security) Simon Ser
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-121601 (GCVE-0-2026-121601)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-09 13:00 – Updated: 2026-11-09 16:29
VLAI
Title
Gstreamer1-plugins-bad-free: gstreamer1-plugins-bad-free: out-of-bounds read in mxfdemux via unchecked delta_id and slice index
Summary
A flaw was found in GStreamer's MXF demuxer plugin (gst-plugins-bad). When processing a specially crafted MXF media file, the demuxer indexes its internal delta-entry and slice-offset tables using values from the file without validating that they are within the bounds of the allocated arrays. A local attacker who tricks a user into opening a malicious MXF file can cause the application to crash (denial of service) and may be able to read limited amounts of heap memory adjacent to the affected arrays.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-09 16:29 UTC
CWE
Assigner
redhat CNA
References
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-11-09 11:03
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-121511 (GCVE-0-2026-121511)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-03 14:18 – Updated: 2026-11-03 15:29
VLAI
Title
Out-of-bounds Read in µD3TN
Summary
Heap Out-of-Bounds Read in µD3TN BPv6/BPv7 Fragmenter allows Local Attacker to Read Memory and Reliably Cause DoS
Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-03 15:16 UTC
CWE
Assigner
GitLab CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
D3TN GmbH µD3TN Affected: 0 , < 0.15.2 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
riccardo.nannini@anvilsecure.com
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-121505 (GCVE-0-2026-121505)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-03 14:17 – Updated: 2026-11-03 18:12
VLAI
Title
Out-of-bounds Read in NTPsec
Summary
An out-of-bounds read in the NTS-KE client response parser (nts_client_process_response_core) in NTPsec before 1.2.4 allows a malicious NTS-KE server to read the client's stack memory, including pointers that defeat ASLR, which the client then sends in cleartext as NTS cookies, via an NTS-KE record whose declared length exceeds the data received.
Severity
3.7 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-03 18:11 UTC
CWE
Assigner
GitLab CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
NTPsec NTPsec Affected: 1.1.4 , < 1.2.4 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Artem Nasonov (Astra Linux) found and fixed the issue; Erica Windisch (Cyberdione Labs) analyzed its impact
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-121397 (GCVE-0-2026-121397)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-03 14:28 – Updated: 2026-11-03 16:06
VLAI
Title
FreeRDP before 3.32.2 Heap Over-Read via WinPR save_png_to_buffer()
Summary
FreeRDP before 3.32.2 contains a heap buffer over-read vulnerability in save_png_to_buffer() that allows malicious RDP servers to leak client memory by sending 16 bpp DIB clipboard data. Attackers can offer a CF_DIB BI_BITFIELDS image that, when converted to PNG for a local application, embeds client heap bytes into the clipboard image.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-03 16:06 UTC
CWE
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
FreeRDP FreeRDP Affected: 0 , < 3.32.2 (semver)
Unaffected: 3.32.2 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:freerdp:freerdp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-10-19 00:00
Credits
nickallevato
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-121387 (GCVE-0-2026-121387)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-03 14:27 – Updated: 2026-11-09 14:33
VLAI
Title
FreeRDP 2.0.0 before 3.32.2 Out-of-Bounds Read via GSM610/WAV49 Decoder
Summary
FreeRDP 2.0.0 before 3.32.2 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in freerdp_dsp_decode_gsm610 that allows malicious RDP servers to read past audio buffers by sending truncated GSM610 frames. Attackers can negotiate GSM610 on rdpsnd and send a WAVE2 message shorter than a 33- or 32-byte WAV49 frame to crash the client.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-09 14:31 UTC
CWE
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
FreeRDP FreeRDP Affected: 2.0.0 , < 3.32.2 (semver)
Unaffected: 3.32.2 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:freerdp:freerdp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-10-19 00:00
Credits
iPlayForSG
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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          "name": "VulnCheck Advisory: FreeRDP 2.0.0 before 3.32.2 Out-of-Bounds Read via GSM610/WAV49 Decoder",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/freerdp-2.0.0-before-3.32.2-out-of-bounds-read-via-gsm610-wav49-decoder"
        }
      ],
      "title": "FreeRDP 2.0.0 before 3.32.2 Out-of-Bounds Read via GSM610/WAV49 Decoder",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "vulncheck-endgame"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
    "assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-121387",
    "datePublished": "2026-11-03T14:27:54.541Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-11-03T12:26:31.384Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-11-09T14:33:18.701Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Language Selection

Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.

CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers

An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.

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