Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-125

Allowed

Out-of-bounds Read

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

4654 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-18418 (GCVE-0-2026-18418)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-11 17:15 – Updated: 2026-10-15 18:09
VLAI
Title
Out-of-bounds read when the zbus proxy agent IPC backend logs a rejected peer frame's channel name
Summary
The zbus proxy agent IPC backend in subsys/zbus/proxy_agent/zbus_proxy_agent_ipc.c logged the channel name of a rejected inter-domain frame with a plain %s conversion. The frame type struct zbus_proxy_msg carries a fixed-size channel_name[] array as its last member, and nothing in the transport guarantees the array is NUL-terminated. The only code that verifies termination is zbus_proxy_agent_receive_cb() in subsys/zbus/proxy_agent/zbus_proxy_agent.c, which rejects the frame in precisely those cases — so the warning printed a non-terminated buffer exactly on the error paths where the name had been found invalid (or, for an invalid message_size, had not been inspected at all). Any peer domain able to place a frame of sizeof(struct zbus_proxy_msg) bytes on the bound ipc_service endpoint can trigger it, by sending a frame with an out-of-range message_size or with channel_name[] containing no NUL byte. Reaching the code requires CONFIG_ZBUS_PROXY_AGENT_IPC and logging built at warning level or above (the default), and requires control over the firmware of the peer domain — typically a second core on the same SoC. The resulting strlen() inside the log packager walks past the end of the frame object until it finds a zero byte. With the icmsg backend the frame lives in a stack buffer of the IPC work-queue thread, so bytes of that thread's stack are rendered into the log message; with the rpmsg backends the scan continues through the shared vring memory. Impact is bounded to disclosure of a small amount of adjacent memory into the receiving domain's log sink, plus a possible fatal fault if the scan leaves a mapped region; the log packager's own -ENOSPC bound prevents the overrun from becoming a write. The fix bounds the conversion with %.*s and MIN(msg->channel_name_len, sizeof(msg->channel_name)).
Severity
3.4 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-15 17:51 UTC
CWE
Assigner
zephyr CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
zephyrproject zephyr Affected: 4.4.0 , < 4.4.2 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2026-18416 (GCVE-0-2026-18416)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-28 20:00 – Updated: 2026-11-04 05:00
VLAI
Title
Out-of-bounds read in CoAP well-known-core Uri-Query href matching (match_path_uri)
Summary
The CoAP link-format helper match_path_uri() in subsys/net/lib/coap/coap_link_format.c compares a registered resource path against the URI carried in a Uri-Query href= option. That URI is not NUL terminated, but the inner character loop advanced its index k once per path character without ever testing it against the option length len. When a registered path segment is longer than the supplied URI and the URI is a prefix of it, the loop reads uri[len] and beyond, past the end of the option value. The path is reached from coap_well_known_core_get_len() and coap_well_known_core_get() via match_queries_resource(), i.e. by any unauthenticated GET /.well-known/core?href=/<prefix> request to a device that serves /.well-known/core (for the CoAP server subsystem, CONFIG_COAP_SERVER_WELL_KNOWN_CORE, default y) and has at least one resource that declares struct coap_core_metadata attributes. The over-read does not reach the receive buffer. The well-known-core builders parse the query into a stack-local struct coap_option, whose value is a fixed array (value[12], or CONFIG_COAP_EXTENDED_OPTIONS_LEN_VALUE bytes) that the option bytes are copied into, so uri points into that copy. Reading past len therefore reads the unused, uninitialized tail of the array and, when the option fills it, the bytes just past it in the same stack frame. (In the ZoAP library of v1.8.0 to v1.9.x the option value was instead a pointer into the received packet, and the over-read ran past the option inside the packet buffer.) The impact is bounded. The number of bytes read past the end is limited by the length of the resource path segment, and each additional byte is only read if it happens to equal the next path character, so in practice the over-read is one byte. It also cannot influence the response: returning a match requires the final compared index to be len - 1 or len, both in bounds, so out-of-bounds bytes only ever steer the loop to the next candidate resource. The consequence is undefined behaviour, not information disclosure and not a matching error. The fix adds a k >= len guard at the top of the inner loop, so every uri[k] dereference is within the option value while still allowing a trailing * wildcard to match a longer path.
Severity
3.7 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-30 15:18 UTC
CWE
Assigner
zephyr CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
zephyrproject zephyr Affected: 1.8.0 , < 4.3.2 (semver)
Affected: 4.4.0 , < 4.4.2 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-18278 (GCVE-0-2026-18278)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-20 16:18 – Updated: 2026-08-21 20:08
VLAI
Title
Sony XAV-9500ES prh_l2_decode_packet Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Sony XAV-9500ES prh_l2_decode_packet Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Sony XAV-9500ES devices. An attacker must first obtain the ability to pair a malicious Bluetooth device with the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the handling of Bluetooth L2CAP packets. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the device. Was ZDI-CAN-28990.
Severity
3.5 (Low)
CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-21 19:55 UTC
CWE
Assigner
zdi CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Sony XAV-9500ES Affected: 3.02.0.0
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-07-29 21:41
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-18125 (GCVE-0-2026-18125)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-11 14:18 – Updated: 2026-08-11 14:49
VLAI
Summary
An out-of-bounds read in the Agent of Ivanti Endpoint Manager before version 2024 SU7 allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to crash an agent service.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-11 14:49 UTC
CWE
Assigner
ivanti CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Ivanti Endpoint Manager Unaffected: 2024 SU7 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-18090 (GCVE-0-2026-18090)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-08 23:02 – Updated: 2026-11-06 18:08
VLAI
Title
Gdk-pixbuf: gdk-pixbuf: heap out-of-bounds read in uncompress() via crafted icns rle block
Summary
A flaw was found in gdk-pixbuf. This vulnerability allows a remote attacker to cause a heap out-of-bounds read by providing a specially crafted Apple Icon Image (.icns) file. The uncompress() function, which handles RLE-encoded ICNS icon data, fails to validate the source buffer's boundaries during decompression. This can lead to a denial of service, where the application crashes, or to information disclosure, potentially revealing sensitive data from adjacent memory.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-14 12:08 UTC
CWE
Assigner
redhat CNA
References
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-07-24 00:00
Credits
Red Hat would like to thank Alexandru Hossu for reporting this issue.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-18020 (GCVE-0-2026-18020)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-13 20:41 – Updated: 2026-08-14 18:07
VLAI
Title
IBM i is Affected By Multiple Vulnerabilities in NetServer
Summary
IBM i 7.6, 7.5, 7.4, and 7.3 could allow a remote attacker to cause a denial of service due to an off-by-one error in bounds checking.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-14 17:41 UTC
CWE
Assigner
ibm CNA
References
URL Tags
https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7283573 vendor-advisorypatch
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
IBM i Affected: 7.6
Affected: 7.5
Affected: 7.4
Affected: 7.3
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-17649 (GCVE-0-2026-17649)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-13 20:41 – Updated: 2026-08-14 16:31
VLAI
Title
IBM i is Affected By Multiple Vulnerabilities in NetServer
Summary
IBM i 7.6, 7.5, 7.4, and 7.3 could allow a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information due to an out-of-bounds read.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-14 16:31 UTC
CWE
Assigner
ibm CNA
References
URL Tags
https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7283573 vendor-advisorypatch
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
IBM i Affected: 7.6
Affected: 7.5
Affected: 7.4
Affected: 7.3
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-17572 (GCVE-0-2026-17572)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-27 15:11 – Updated: 2026-07-27 18:37
VLAI
Title
HDF5 SOHM List Index Heap Buffer Overflow
Summary
Heap-based buffer overflow in the SOHM list-index deserialization code in HDF5 through 2.1.1 on all platforms allows attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a crafted HDF5 file whose shared-message list index declares a num_messages count exceeding list_max, triggering out-of-bounds heap reads and writes in H5SM__cache_list_deserialize and H5SM__cache_list_verify_chksum.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:L/SA:H/E:U
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-27 18:37 UTC
CWE
Assigner
HDFG CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
The HDF Group HDF5 Affected: <= 2.1.1 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2026-17550 (GCVE-0-2026-17550)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-29 15:23 – Updated: 2026-09-02 17:40
VLAI
Title
DWG or DXF File Parsing Out-of-Bounds Read in Autodesk AutoCAD
Summary
A maliciously crafted DWG or DXF file, when parsed through Autodesk AutoCAD, can force an Out-of-Bounds Read vulnerability. A malicious actor can leverage this vulnerability to cause a crash or disclose sensitive information.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-29 17:57 UTC
CWE
Assigner
autodesk CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Autodesk AutoCAD Affected: 2027.0.0 , < 2027.1.0 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad:2027:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Autodesk AutoCAD LT Affected: 2027.0.0 , < 2027.1.0 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:autocad_lt:2027:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Autodesk DWG TrueView Affected: 2027.0.0 , < 2027.1.0 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:autodesk:dwg_trueview:2027:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-17535 (GCVE-0-2026-17535)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-11 14:47 – Updated: 2026-08-11 19:43
VLAI
Title
Velociraptor Multiple Crashes in NTFS Parser when applied to invalid NTFS Volumes
Summary
Velociraptor's NTFS parsing library mishandles several out of bound and memory exhaustion bugs which may be triggered by maliciously crafted NTFS images. Typically Velociraptor's NTFS parser is used on live NTFS filesystems, limiting the opportunity of attackers corrupting the filesystem. However, in some applications (e.g.  dead disk forensics https://docs.velociraptor.app/docs/forensic/deaddisk/ ) Velociraptor may be used on untrusted NTFS image files.  If an attacker is able to inject maliciously corrupted NTFS Volumes they can cause a crash and a Denial of Service.
Severity
6.2 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-11 19:28 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds read
  • CWE-789 - Memory allocation with excessive size value
  • CWE-369 - Divide by zero
Assigner
rapid7 CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Rapid7 Velociraptor Affected: 0 , < 0.77.2 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Kris Kennaway (Datadog)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Language Selection

Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.

CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers

An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.

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