CVE-2026-89973 (GCVE-0-2026-89973)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2026-09-16 10:32
Modified
2026-10-19 08:55
Severity ?
8.2 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nvme-tcp: check the data direction of a C2HData PDU nvme_tcp_handle_c2h_data() finds the request by command id and checks that it has a payload, but it does not check that the command asked for data to be read. A controller that answers a write command with C2HData therefore reaches nvme_tcp_recv_data(), where _copy_to_iter() hits WARN_ON_ONCE(i->data_source) and returns 0. The receive path turns that into -EFAULT and resets the controller. No data is copied, so this is not memory corruption. What a controller gets is a kernel warning it can raise at will, which is fatal on a host booted with panic_on_warn. The send path already knows the direction - it consults rq_data_dir() when it builds a command - and nvme_tcp_handle_r2t() checks the length and the offset of the request it names. The C2HData path does not check the direction at all. Reject a C2HData PDU whose command is not a read. Rejecting it fails the command and resets the controller, as the neighbouring check in this function does; what goes away is the warning. [ 6.885580] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 6.886457] WARNING: lib/iov_iter.c:193 at _copy_to_iter+0x289/0x1330, CPU#0: kworker/0:1H/71 [ 6.888137] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 71 Comm: kworker/0:1H Not tainted 7.2.0-rc5-NVMETCP-gf5098b6bae76 #1 PREEMPT(lazy) [ 6.891165] Workqueue: nvme_tcp_wq nvme_tcp_io_work [ 6.891875] RIP: 0010:_copy_to_iter+0x289/0x1330 [ 6.903739] Call Trace: [ 6.904085] <TASK> [ 6.909254] __skb_datagram_iter+0x433/0x820 [ 6.911026] skb_copy_datagram_iter+0x37/0x120 [ 6.911622] nvme_tcp_recv_skb+0xa07/0x4320 [ 6.913378] __tcp_read_sock+0x1ab/0x810 [ 6.915788] nvme_tcp_try_recv+0x152/0x1e0 [ 6.918222] nvme_tcp_io_work+0x1e4/0x6c0 [ 6.926906] </TASK> [ 6.927226] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- [ 6.927878] nvme nvme0: queue 1 failed to copy request 0x71 data [ 6.928709] nvme nvme0: receive failed: -14
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Version: 3f2304f8c6d6ed97849057bd16fee99e434ca796
Version: 3f2304f8c6d6ed97849057bd16fee99e434ca796
Version: 3f2304f8c6d6ed97849057bd16fee99e434ca796
Version: 3f2304f8c6d6ed97849057bd16fee99e434ca796
Version: 3f2304f8c6d6ed97849057bd16fee99e434ca796
Version: 3f2304f8c6d6ed97849057bd16fee99e434ca796
Version: 3f2304f8c6d6ed97849057bd16fee99e434ca796
Version: 3f2304f8c6d6ed97849057bd16fee99e434ca796
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{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/nvme/host/tcp.c"
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          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
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              "version": "0",
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              "version": "5.10.270",
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              "version": "5.15.221",
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            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
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              "version": "6.1.188",
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              "version": "6.6.157",
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            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.110",
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            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.51",
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            },
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              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*",
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              "version": "7.2.5",
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            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.3",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
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                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.3",
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                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnvme-tcp: check the data direction of a C2HData PDU\n\nnvme_tcp_handle_c2h_data() finds the request by command id and checks\nthat it has a payload, but it does not check that the command asked for\ndata to be read.  A controller that answers a write command with C2HData\ntherefore reaches nvme_tcp_recv_data(), where _copy_to_iter() hits\nWARN_ON_ONCE(i-\u003edata_source) and returns 0.  The receive path turns that\ninto -EFAULT and resets the controller.\n\nNo data is copied, so this is not memory corruption.  What a controller\ngets is a kernel warning it can raise at will, which is fatal on a host\nbooted with panic_on_warn.\n\nThe send path already knows the direction - it consults rq_data_dir()\nwhen it builds a command - and nvme_tcp_handle_r2t() checks the length\nand the offset of the request it names.  The C2HData path does not check\nthe direction at all.\n\nReject a C2HData PDU whose command is not a read.  Rejecting it fails\nthe command and resets the controller, as the neighbouring check in this\nfunction does; what goes away is the warning.\n\n  [    6.885580] ------------[ cut here ]------------\n  [    6.886457] WARNING: lib/iov_iter.c:193 at _copy_to_iter+0x289/0x1330, CPU#0: kworker/0:1H/71\n  [    6.888137] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 71 Comm: kworker/0:1H Not tainted 7.2.0-rc5-NVMETCP-gf5098b6bae76 #1 PREEMPT(lazy)\n  [    6.891165] Workqueue: nvme_tcp_wq nvme_tcp_io_work\n  [    6.891875] RIP: 0010:_copy_to_iter+0x289/0x1330\n  [    6.903739] Call Trace:\n  [    6.904085]  \u003cTASK\u003e\n  [    6.909254]  __skb_datagram_iter+0x433/0x820\n  [    6.911026]  skb_copy_datagram_iter+0x37/0x120\n  [    6.911622]  nvme_tcp_recv_skb+0xa07/0x4320\n  [    6.913378]  __tcp_read_sock+0x1ab/0x810\n  [    6.915788]  nvme_tcp_try_recv+0x152/0x1e0\n  [    6.918222]  nvme_tcp_io_work+0x1e4/0x6c0\n  [    6.926906]  \u003c/TASK\u003e\n  [    6.927226] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---\n  [    6.927878] nvme nvme0: queue 1 failed to copy request 0x71 data\n  [    6.928709] nvme nvme0: receive failed:  -14"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 8.2,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:N - The nvme-tcp host receive path (nvme_tcp_data_ready -\u003e nvme_tcp_try_recv -\u003e nvme_tcp_recv_skb -\u003e nvme_tcp_handle_c2h_data) parses C2HData PDUs from a remote NVMe/TCP target over routable TCP (typically port 4420); a malicious or compromised target, or an on-path injector into the default-unencrypted stream, triggers the bug from the network.\nAC:L - A malicious controller that replies to any in-flight write-direction command with a well-formed C2HData PDU always hits WARN_ON_ONCE(i-\u003edata_source) in _copy_to_iter; writes occur from writeback, discards, and init-time Set Features. No race, special memory layout, or rare config beyond CONFIG_NVME_TCP is required.\nPR:N - NVMe/TCP authentication (TLS and DH-HMAC-CHAP) is optional and off by default, so the connected fabric peer needs no credentials or privileges on the victim host; it simply answers I/O the host is already sending.\nUI:N - No victim action is required at exploit time; once the host is connected (including nvmf-autoconnect at boot), ordinary writeback, journal I/O, and controller-init Set Features with a data buffer issue write-direction commands that the malicious target answers with C2HData.\nS:U - The WARN splat, NVMe controller reset, and any panic_on_warn crash remain inside the host kernel. This is not a VM escape, IOMMU bypass, or sandbox boundary crossing.\nC:L - WARN_ON_ONCE in _copy_to_iter calls __warn()/dump_stack(), disclosing kernel text addresses in dmesg. No data is copied (the write iterator is ITER_SOURCE and copy_to_iter returns 0), so there is no use-after-free or arbitrary kernel read.\nI:N - The receive path turns the failed copy into -EFAULT and resets the controller; _copy_to_iter returns 0 without writing, so there is no memory corruption, write primitive, or control-flow hijack.\nA:H - The reporter reproduced WARNING in _copy_to_iter from nvme_tcp_io_work, which panics hosts with panic_on_warn or warn_limit. Independently, every C2HData-for-write returns -EFAULT and runs nvme_tcp_error_recovery(), so a malicious target can repeatedly take down NVMe-oF storage."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-10-19T08:55:48.143Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/df74950ba6008655d4a977d17df7faf4b6e52b74"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/980d990f3c0560d7dfbfbf14699651fdf02f26ee"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5b115d932f6e769ac80783fb18edd21b0aed256e"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0673a2affe45ca76b60de31a83c67b1e60f81bde"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/80d56202fbdff8906be6954b2776e5c14a4026f2"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b4af7999a998787d5eb6facb5a333e04a4f1d2d9"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a0c389b8a495bda1eb719d2503853c924b7a8355"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f83af377c148f6ad94b41c0e8313f12adf45e1c1"
        }
      ],
      "title": "nvme-tcp: check the data direction of a C2HData PDU",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-89973",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-16T10:32:52.409Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-11T19:38:34.779Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-19T08:55:48.143Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}


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