CVE-2026-89511 (GCVE-0-2026-89511)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2026-09-11 19:43
Modified
2026-10-19 08:48
Severity ?
7.5 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: qede: Fix NULL pointer dereference in TPA fragment processing Under memory pressure, the qede driver encounters NULL pointer dereferences when processing TPA continuation fragments. Commit 8a8633978b84 ("qede: Add build_skb() support.") accidentally dropped the assignment of tpa_info->buffer.data in qede_tpa_start(). When memory pressure causes an SKB allocation failure in qede_tpa_start(), the driver sets tpa_start_fail = true and attempts to recycle the physical page later in qede_tpa_end() via qede_reuse_page(). However, because buffer.data was left uninitialized (NULL), qede_reuse_page() pushes a "ghost" BD (valid DMA mapping but NULL data pointer) back into the active Rx ring. The next time the hardware uses this ring slot, it passes a NULL page to qede_fill_frag_skb(), causing a kernel panic. Example crash from production system: BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0x8 RIP: qede_fill_frag_skb+0x96/0x430 [qede] Call Trace: qede_rx_int+0xb06/0x1de0 qede_poll+0x2f4/0x6c0 __napi_poll+0x2d/0x130 Fix the root cause by restoring the tpa_info->buffer.data assignment in qede_tpa_start(), ensuring valid pages are correctly tracked and recycled. Additionally, update the stale comment for struct qede_agg_info::buffer to reflect its current usage.
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Version: 8a8633978b842c88fbcfe00d4e5dde96048f630e
Version: 8a8633978b842c88fbcfe00d4e5dde96048f630e
Version: 8a8633978b842c88fbcfe00d4e5dde96048f630e
Version: 8a8633978b842c88fbcfe00d4e5dde96048f630e
Version: 8a8633978b842c88fbcfe00d4e5dde96048f630e
Version: 8a8633978b842c88fbcfe00d4e5dde96048f630e
Version: 8a8633978b842c88fbcfe00d4e5dde96048f630e
Version: 8a8633978b842c88fbcfe00d4e5dde96048f630e
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nqede: Fix NULL pointer dereference in TPA fragment processing\n\nUnder memory pressure, the qede driver encounters NULL pointer\ndereferences when processing TPA continuation fragments.\n\nCommit 8a8633978b84 (\"qede: Add build_skb() support.\") accidentally\ndropped the assignment of tpa_info-\u003ebuffer.data in qede_tpa_start().\n\nWhen memory pressure causes an SKB allocation failure in qede_tpa_start(),\nthe driver sets tpa_start_fail = true and attempts to recycle the physical\npage later in qede_tpa_end() via qede_reuse_page(). However, because\nbuffer.data was left uninitialized (NULL), qede_reuse_page() pushes a\n\"ghost\" BD (valid DMA mapping but NULL data pointer) back into the\nactive Rx ring.\n\nThe next time the hardware uses this ring slot, it passes a NULL page\nto qede_fill_frag_skb(), causing a kernel panic.\n\nExample crash from production system:\n BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0x8\n RIP: qede_fill_frag_skb+0x96/0x430 [qede]\n Call Trace:\n   qede_rx_int+0xb06/0x1de0\n   qede_poll+0x2f4/0x6c0\n   __napi_poll+0x2d/0x130\n\nFix the root cause by restoring the tpa_info-\u003ebuffer.data assignment\nin qede_tpa_start(), ensuring valid pages are correctly tracked and\nrecycled. Additionally, update the stale comment for\nstruct qede_agg_info::buffer to reflect its current usage."
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              "value": "AV:N - The bug is in qede TPA/GRO RX on Marvell/QLogic FastLinQ NICs used on internet-facing datacenter and cloud servers. Remote TCP segments cause firmware to post TPA CQEs handled by qede_msix_fp_int()-\u003eqede_poll()-\u003eqede_rx_int()-\u003eqede_rx_process_tpa_cqe()-\u003eqede_tpa_start()/qede_tpa_end()/qede_fill_frag_skb().\nAC:L - An attacker can send high-rate TCP streams that HW GRO (enabled by default) aggregates and flood GFP_ATOMIC skb allocations until qede_tpa_start() fails, then keep sending so the recycled ghost BD is consumed. No uncontrolled race or victim-specific layout is required; the attacker drives TPA and the allocation-failure condition.\nPR:N - NIC receive and TPA completion handling run in softirq on inbound frames with no authentication, capability check, or local account. Any unauthenticated remote host that can send Ethernet/TCP traffic to a qede interface can reach the vulnerable path.\nUI:N - Packet reception, MSI-X interrupt handling, and NAPI polling process attacker frames automatically whenever the qede interface is up. The victim need not mount a filesystem, open a device, or otherwise interact.\nS:U - The NULL dereference oops stays in the host kernel that owns the qede driver and RX rings. It does not cross a VM, IOMMU, container, or other security-authority boundary.\nC:N - The fault is a pure NULL page-pointer dereference in qede_fill_frag_skb() (production RIP at offset 0x8) when a recycled ghost BD with buffer.data==NULL is consumed. There is no use-after-free reclaim, out-of-bounds read, or other disclosure primitive.\nI:N - skb_fill_page_desc()/page_ref_inc() abort immediately on the NULL page pointer without writing attacker-controlled data into other kernel objects, so there is no arbitrary-write or control-flow hijack primitive.\nA:H - The documented production crash is a kernel NULL pointer dereference panic in NAPI/softirq context (qede_fill_frag_skb), which is a complete availability impact under kernel CVSS guidance and can be retriggered by further traffic."
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    "datePublished": "2026-09-11T19:43:56.640Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-11T19:38:34.716Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-19T08:48:02.658Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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Remote TCP segments cause firmware to post TPA CQEs handled by qede_msix_fp_int()-\u003eqede_poll()-\u003eqede_rx_int()-\u003eqede_rx_process_tpa_cqe()-\u003eqede_tpa_start()/qede_tpa_end()/qede_fill_frag_skb().\\nAC:L - An attacker can send high-rate TCP streams that HW GRO (enabled by default) aggregates and flood GFP_ATOMIC skb allocations until qede_tpa_start() fails, then keep sending so the recycled ghost BD is consumed. No uncontrolled race or victim-specific layout is required; the attacker drives TPA and the allocation-failure condition.\\nPR:N - NIC receive and TPA completion handling run in softirq on inbound frames with no authentication, capability check, or local account. Any unauthenticated remote host that can send Ethernet/TCP traffic to a qede interface can reach the vulnerable path.\\nUI:N - Packet reception, MSI-X interrupt handling, and NAPI polling process attacker frames automatically whenever the qede interface is up. 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There is no use-after-free reclaim, out-of-bounds read, or other disclosure primitive.\\nI:N - skb_fill_page_desc()/page_ref_inc() abort immediately on the NULL page pointer without writing attacker-controlled data into other kernel objects, so there is no arbitrary-write or control-flow hijack primitive.\\nA:H - The documented production crash is a kernel NULL pointer dereference panic in NAPI/softirq context (qede_fill_frag_skb), which is a complete availability impact under kernel CVSS guidance and can be retriggered by further traffic.\"}]}], \"affected\": [{\"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\", \"vendor\": \"Linux\", \"product\": \"Linux\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"8a8633978b842c88fbcfe00d4e5dde96048f630e\", \"lessThan\": \"e2214e2793154b745436e46c6a9a7985d9b3781d\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"8a8633978b842c88fbcfe00d4e5dde96048f630e\", \"lessThan\": 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allocation failure in qede_tpa_start(),\\nthe driver sets tpa_start_fail = true and attempts to recycle the physical\\npage later in qede_tpa_end() via qede_reuse_page(). However, because\\nbuffer.data was left uninitialized (NULL), qede_reuse_page() pushes a\\n\\\"ghost\\\" BD (valid DMA mapping but NULL data pointer) back into the\\nactive Rx ring.\\n\\nThe next time the hardware uses this ring slot, it passes a NULL page\\nto qede_fill_frag_skb(), causing a kernel panic.\\n\\nExample crash from production system:\\n BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0x8\\n RIP: qede_fill_frag_skb+0x96/0x430 [qede]\\n Call Trace:\\n   qede_rx_int+0xb06/0x1de0\\n   qede_poll+0x2f4/0x6c0\\n   __napi_poll+0x2d/0x130\\n\\nFix the root cause by restoring the tpa_info-\u003ebuffer.data assignment\\nin qede_tpa_start(), ensuring valid pages are correctly tracked and\\nrecycled. Additionally, update the stale comment for\\nstruct qede_agg_info::buffer to reflect its current usage.\"}], \"cpeApplicability\": [{\"nodes\": [{\"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.10.270\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.18\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.15.221\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.18\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.1.188\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.18\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.6.157\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.18\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.12.109\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.18\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.18.50\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.18\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"7.2.4\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.18\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"7.3\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.18\"}], \"operator\": \"OR\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"shortName\": \"Linux\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-10-19T08:48:02.658Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2026-89511\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-10-19T08:48:02.658Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2026-09-11T19:38:34.716Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"datePublished\": \"2026-09-11T19:43:56.640Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"Linux\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}


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