CVE-2026-53094 (GCVE-0-2026-53094)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2026-06-24 16:30
Modified
2026-08-05 12:33
Severity ?
7.8 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Fix stale offload->prog pointer after constant blinding When a dev-bound-only BPF program (BPF_F_XDP_DEV_BOUND_ONLY) undergoes JIT compilation with constant blinding enabled (bpf_jit_harden >= 2), bpf_jit_blind_constants() clones the program. The original prog is then freed in bpf_jit_prog_release_other(), which updates aux->prog to point to the surviving clone, but fails to update offload->prog. This leaves offload->prog pointing to the freed original program. When the network namespace is subsequently destroyed, cleanup_net() triggers bpf_dev_bound_netdev_unregister(), which iterates ondev->progs and calls __bpf_prog_offload_destroy(offload->prog). Accessing the freed prog causes a page fault: BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffffc900085f1038 Workqueue: netns cleanup_net RIP: 0010:__bpf_prog_offload_destroy+0xc/0x80 Call Trace: __bpf_offload_dev_netdev_unregister+0x257/0x350 bpf_dev_bound_netdev_unregister+0x4a/0x90 unregister_netdevice_many_notify+0x2a2/0x660 ... cleanup_net+0x21a/0x320 The test sequence that triggers this reliably is: 1. Set net.core.bpf_jit_harden=2 (echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/core/bpf_jit_harden) 2. Run xdp_metadata selftest, which creates a dev-bound-only XDP program on a veth inside a netns (./test_progs -t xdp_metadata) 3. cleanup_net -> page fault in __bpf_prog_offload_destroy Dev-bound-only programs are unique in that they have an offload structure but go through the normal JIT path instead of bpf_prog_offload_compile(). This means they are subject to constant blinding's prog clone-and-replace, while also having offload->prog that must stay in sync. Fix this by updating offload->prog in bpf_jit_prog_release_other(), alongside the existing aux->prog update. Both are back-pointers to the prog that must be kept in sync when the prog is replaced.
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Version: 2b3486bc2d237ec345b3942b7be5deabf8c8fed1
Version: 2b3486bc2d237ec345b3942b7be5deabf8c8fed1
Version: 2b3486bc2d237ec345b3942b7be5deabf8c8fed1
Version: 2b3486bc2d237ec345b3942b7be5deabf8c8fed1
Version: 2b3486bc2d237ec345b3942b7be5deabf8c8fed1
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{
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          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
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      "cpeApplicability": [
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Fix stale offload-\u003eprog pointer after constant blinding\n\nWhen a dev-bound-only BPF program (BPF_F_XDP_DEV_BOUND_ONLY) undergoes\nJIT compilation with constant blinding enabled (bpf_jit_harden \u003e= 2),\nbpf_jit_blind_constants() clones the program. The original prog is then\nfreed in bpf_jit_prog_release_other(), which updates aux-\u003eprog to point\nto the surviving clone, but fails to update offload-\u003eprog.\n\nThis leaves offload-\u003eprog pointing to the freed original program. When\nthe network namespace is subsequently destroyed, cleanup_net() triggers\nbpf_dev_bound_netdev_unregister(), which iterates ondev-\u003eprogs and calls\n__bpf_prog_offload_destroy(offload-\u003eprog). Accessing the freed prog\ncauses a page fault:\n\nBUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffffc900085f1038\nWorkqueue: netns cleanup_net\nRIP: 0010:__bpf_prog_offload_destroy+0xc/0x80\nCall Trace:\n__bpf_offload_dev_netdev_unregister+0x257/0x350\nbpf_dev_bound_netdev_unregister+0x4a/0x90\nunregister_netdevice_many_notify+0x2a2/0x660\n...\ncleanup_net+0x21a/0x320\n\nThe test sequence that triggers this reliably is:\n\n1. Set net.core.bpf_jit_harden=2 (echo 2 \u003e /proc/sys/net/core/bpf_jit_harden)\n2. Run xdp_metadata selftest, which creates a dev-bound-only XDP\n   program on a veth inside a netns (./test_progs -t xdp_metadata)\n3. cleanup_net -\u003e page fault in __bpf_prog_offload_destroy\n\nDev-bound-only programs are unique in that they have an offload structure\nbut go through the normal JIT path instead of bpf_prog_offload_compile().\nThis means they are subject to constant blinding\u0027s prog clone-and-replace,\nwhile also having offload-\u003eprog that must stay in sync.\n\nFix this by updating offload-\u003eprog in bpf_jit_prog_release_other(),\nalongside the existing aux-\u003eprog update. Both are back-pointers to\nthe prog that must be kept in sync when the prog is replaced."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable path is reached through local `bpf(BPF_PROG_LOAD)` and netlink/netns operations used to create and tear down a device-bound XDP program, not by remote packets.\nAC:L - Once the target has BPF JIT hardening set to blind constants for all users, the trigger is deterministic: load a dev-bound-only XDP program with constants, then unregister the device or destroy the netns. There is no attacker-uncontrolled race to win.\nPR:L - XDP program loading requires BPF and NET_ADMIN privileges, but these can be available in user-namespace/container deployments through BPF token delegation and namespaced capabilities. Under the required rule, this is scored as Low rather than High.\nUI:N - No victim action is required after the attacker has local execution; the attacker can perform the BPF load and netdevice/netns teardown directly.\nS:U - The bug corrupts/dereferences kernel memory within the same kernel security authority. This is standard local kernel compromise/DoS rather than a VM or hardware isolation boundary escape.\nC:H - The stale `offload-\u003eprog` is a use-after-free of a `struct bpf_prog`; if reclaimed, the cleanup path trusts attacker-shaped pointers and can be developed into kernel memory disclosure primitives. Kernel UAFs are scored High for confidentiality.\nI:H - The same UAF can drive trusted list/free/write operations through forged `prog-\u003eaux` and `offload` pointers, making arbitrary kernel memory corruption or code execution plausible. Kernel UAFs are scored High for integrity.\nA:H - The upstream report shows a reliable kernel page fault during `cleanup_net()`/netdevice unregister when the stale pointer is dereferenced. This is a kernel crash availability impact."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:33:20.910Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a713b72ff88cdab4d5d692908ab1259ada511f4d"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/25484c39d1ec82a0368798d956da3de5039b3fe8"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/059525cf18e69a9313baf947d8898c6ee7ca6b65"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c79f8503d83d4665be461fb9e45e215d0380c67b"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a1aa9ef47c299c5bbc30594d3c2f0589edf908e6"
        }
      ],
      "title": "bpf: Fix stale offload-\u003eprog pointer after constant blinding",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-53094",
    "datePublished": "2026-06-24T16:30:32.815Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-06-09T07:44:35.384Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:33:20.910Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}


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