CVE-2026-53090 (GCVE-0-2026-53090)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2026-06-24 16:30
Modified
2026-08-19 16:28
Severity ?
7.8 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Fix ld_{abs,ind} failure path analysis in subprogs Usage of ld_{abs,ind} instructions got extended into subprogs some time ago via commit 09b28d76eac4 ("bpf: Add abnormal return checks."). These are only allowed in subprograms when the latter are BTF annotated and have scalar return types. The code generator in bpf_gen_ld_abs() has an abnormal exit path (r0=0 + exit) from legacy cBPF times. While the enforcement is on scalar return types, the verifier must also simulate the path of abnormal exit if the packet data load via ld_{abs,ind} failed. This is currently not the case. Fix it by having the verifier simulate both success and failure paths, and extend it in similar ways as we do for tail calls. The success path (r0=unknown, continue to next insn) is pushed onto stack for later validation and the r0=0 and return to the caller is done on the fall-through side.
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Version: 09b28d76eac48e922dc293da1aa2b2b85c32aeee
Version: 09b28d76eac48e922dc293da1aa2b2b85c32aeee
Version: 09b28d76eac48e922dc293da1aa2b2b85c32aeee
Version: 09b28d76eac48e922dc293da1aa2b2b85c32aeee
Version: 09b28d76eac48e922dc293da1aa2b2b85c32aeee
Version: 09b28d76eac48e922dc293da1aa2b2b85c32aeee
Version: 09b28d76eac48e922dc293da1aa2b2b85c32aeee
Version: 09b28d76eac48e922dc293da1aa2b2b85c32aeee
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Fix ld_{abs,ind} failure path analysis in subprogs\n\nUsage of ld_{abs,ind} instructions got extended into subprogs some time\nago via commit 09b28d76eac4 (\"bpf: Add abnormal return checks.\"). These\nare only allowed in subprograms when the latter are BTF annotated and\nhave scalar return types.\n\nThe code generator in bpf_gen_ld_abs() has an abnormal exit path (r0=0 +\nexit) from legacy cBPF times. While the enforcement is on scalar return\ntypes, the verifier must also simulate the path of abnormal exit if the\npacket data load via ld_{abs,ind} failed.\n\nThis is currently not the case. Fix it by having the verifier simulate\nboth success and failure paths, and extend it in similar ways as we do\nfor tail calls. The success path (r0=unknown, continue to next insn) is\npushed onto stack for later validation and the r0=0 and return to the\ncaller is done on the fall-through side."
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              "value": "AV:L - The attacker must locally invoke the bpf() syscall to load a crafted BPF program; packets only trigger the already-loaded malicious program path.\nAC:L - The attacker controls the BPF bytecode, BTF annotations, and packet length needed to force the ld_abs/ld_ind failure path, with no race or external timing dependency.\nPR:L - The needed subprogram/BTF path requires CAP_BPF-equivalent BPF loading privileges, but BPF tokens can delegate these checks into a user namespace. Under the higher-severity rule, this is Low rather than High.\nUI:N - No victim action is required after the local attacker loads and triggers the crafted BPF program.\nS:U - The vulnerability compromises kernel execution within the same host security authority; it is standard local kernel privilege escalation, not a VM or hardware boundary escape.\nC:H - This is a verifier bypass where an unmodeled runtime path can execute code the verifier considered unreachable, enabling unsafe register and pointer use. Such BPF verifier bypasses can be developed into arbitrary kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - The same unverified runtime path can be shaped into unsafe memory operations, making arbitrary kernel memory write or code execution defensible.\nA:H - Even without full exploitation, executing verifier-unchecked BPF operations can crash or panic the kernel, and the attacker can repeatedly trigger the path."
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}


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