CVE-2026-43023 (GCVE-0-2026-43023)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2026-05-01 14:15
Modified
2026-10-19 19:06
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: SCO: fix race conditions in sco_sock_connect() sco_sock_connect() checks sk_state and sk_type without holding the socket lock. Two concurrent connect() syscalls on the same socket can both pass the check and enter sco_connect(), leading to use-after-free. The buggy scenario involves three participants and was confirmed with additional logging instrumentation: Thread A (connect): HCI disconnect: Thread B (connect): sco_sock_connect(sk) sco_sock_connect(sk) sk_state==BT_OPEN sk_state==BT_OPEN (pass, no lock) (pass, no lock) sco_connect(sk): sco_connect(sk): hci_dev_lock hci_dev_lock hci_connect_sco <- blocked -> hcon1 sco_conn_add->conn1 lock_sock(sk) sco_chan_add: conn1->sk = sk sk->conn = conn1 sk_state=BT_CONNECT release_sock hci_dev_unlock hci_dev_lock sco_conn_del: lock_sock(sk) sco_chan_del: sk->conn=NULL conn1->sk=NULL sk_state= BT_CLOSED SOCK_ZAPPED release_sock hci_dev_unlock (unblocked) hci_connect_sco -> hcon2 sco_conn_add -> conn2 lock_sock(sk) sco_chan_add: sk->conn=conn2 sk_state= BT_CONNECT // zombie sk! release_sock hci_dev_unlock Thread B revives a BT_CLOSED + SOCK_ZAPPED socket back to BT_CONNECT. Subsequent cleanup triggers double sock_put() and use-after-free. Meanwhile conn1 is leaked as it was orphaned when sco_conn_del() cleared the association. Fix this by: - Moving lock_sock() before the sk_state/sk_type checks in sco_sock_connect() to serialize concurrent connect attempts - Fixing the sk_type != SOCK_SEQPACKET check to actually return the error instead of just assigning it - Adding a state re-check in sco_connect() after lock_sock() to catch state changes during the window between the locks - Adding sco_pi(sk)->conn check in sco_chan_add() to prevent double-attach of a socket to multiple connections - Adding hci_conn_drop() on sco_chan_add failure to prevent HCI connection leaks
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Version: 70a13b1e25fef37c87c8a1228ddb8900efbca7cf
Version: 9a8ec9e8ebb5a7c0cfbce2d6b4a6b67b2b78e8f3
Version: 9a8ec9e8ebb5a7c0cfbce2d6b4a6b67b2b78e8f3
Version: 9a8ec9e8ebb5a7c0cfbce2d6b4a6b67b2b78e8f3
Version: 9a8ec9e8ebb5a7c0cfbce2d6b4a6b67b2b78e8f3
Version: 9a8ec9e8ebb5a7c0cfbce2d6b4a6b67b2b78e8f3
Version: 6.1.109   ≤
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nBluetooth: SCO: fix race conditions in sco_sock_connect()\n\nsco_sock_connect() checks sk_state and sk_type without holding\nthe socket lock. Two concurrent connect() syscalls on the same\nsocket can both pass the check and enter sco_connect(), leading\nto use-after-free.\n\nThe buggy scenario involves three participants and was confirmed\nwith additional logging instrumentation:\n\n  Thread A (connect):    HCI disconnect:      Thread B (connect):\n\n  sco_sock_connect(sk)                        sco_sock_connect(sk)\n  sk_state==BT_OPEN                           sk_state==BT_OPEN\n  (pass, no lock)                             (pass, no lock)\n  sco_connect(sk):                            sco_connect(sk):\n    hci_dev_lock                                hci_dev_lock\n    hci_connect_sco                               \u003c- blocked\n      -\u003e hcon1\n    sco_conn_add-\u003econn1\n    lock_sock(sk)\n    sco_chan_add:\n      conn1-\u003esk = sk\n      sk-\u003econn = conn1\n    sk_state=BT_CONNECT\n    release_sock\n    hci_dev_unlock\n                           hci_dev_lock\n                           sco_conn_del:\n                             lock_sock(sk)\n                             sco_chan_del:\n                               sk-\u003econn=NULL\n                               conn1-\u003esk=NULL\n                               sk_state=\n                                 BT_CLOSED\n                               SOCK_ZAPPED\n                             release_sock\n                           hci_dev_unlock\n                                                  (unblocked)\n                                                  hci_connect_sco\n                                                    -\u003e hcon2\n                                                  sco_conn_add\n                                                    -\u003e conn2\n                                                  lock_sock(sk)\n                                                  sco_chan_add:\n                                                    sk-\u003econn=conn2\n                                                  sk_state=\n                                                    BT_CONNECT\n                                                  // zombie sk!\n                                                  release_sock\n                                                  hci_dev_unlock\n\nThread B revives a BT_CLOSED + SOCK_ZAPPED socket back to\nBT_CONNECT. Subsequent cleanup triggers double sock_put() and\nuse-after-free. Meanwhile conn1 is leaked as it was orphaned\nwhen sco_conn_del() cleared the association.\n\nFix this by:\n- Moving lock_sock() before the sk_state/sk_type checks in\n  sco_sock_connect() to serialize concurrent connect attempts\n- Fixing the sk_type != SOCK_SEQPACKET check to actually\n  return the error instead of just assigning it\n- Adding a state re-check in sco_connect() after lock_sock()\n  to catch state changes during the window between the locks\n- Adding sco_pi(sk)-\u003econn check in sco_chan_add() to prevent\n  double-attach of a socket to multiple connections\n- Adding hci_conn_drop() on sco_chan_add failure to prevent\n  HCI connection leaks"
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              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable code is reached through the local connect() syscall on an AF_BLUETOOTH/SCO socket. A Bluetooth peer or HCI disconnect can influence timing, but an adjacent attacker alone cannot race two connect() calls on the same local socket.\nAC:L - The attacker can create the race by issuing concurrent connect() syscalls on the same socket and repeating attempts while the normal HCI failure/disconnect path runs. Under the higher-severity rule, this attacker-controlled race is Low complexity.\nPR:L - SCO socket creation and connect do not impose a capability check, though AF_BLUETOOTH is limited to init_net rather than unprivileged network namespaces. A basic unprivileged local user on the host can open and race BTPROTO_SCO sockets.\nUI:N - No victim action is required once the attacker can run local code. The attacker directly invokes socket/connect operations and can repeat the race.\nS:U - The bug corrupts kernel Bluetooth socket/connection state within the same kernel security authority. It is a standard local kernel compromise/DoS path, not a VM escape or cross-scope boundary bypass.\nC:H - The race leads to a use-after-free/double sock_put on kernel socket objects. Kernel UAFs are defensibly scored as high confidentiality impact because freed objects can be reused for information disclosure primitives.\nI:H - The same UAF/double-free condition can be leveraged through heap reuse and spraying to corrupt kernel objects or control flow. Under the required guidance, UAF memory corruption is High integrity impact.\nA:H - Even without full exploitation, the double sock_put/use-after-free can crash or destabilize the kernel. Kernel crashes and UAF-triggered oops/panic conditions are High availability impact."
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/adb90cd0f9f7a8d438fcb93354040fbafc5ae2a0"
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    "datePublished": "2026-05-01T14:15:25.736Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-01T14:12:55.975Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-19T19:06:09.917Z",
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A Bluetooth peer or HCI disconnect can influence timing, but an adjacent attacker alone cannot race two connect() calls on the same local socket.\\nAC:L - The attacker can create the race by issuing concurrent connect() syscalls on the same socket and repeating attempts while the normal HCI failure/disconnect path runs. Under the higher-severity rule, this attacker-controlled race is Low complexity.\\nPR:L - SCO socket creation and connect do not impose a capability check, though AF_BLUETOOTH is limited to init_net rather than unprivileged network namespaces. A basic unprivileged local user on the host can open and race BTPROTO_SCO sockets.\\nUI:N - No victim action is required once the attacker can run local code. The attacker directly invokes socket/connect operations and can repeat the race.\\nS:U - The bug corrupts kernel Bluetooth socket/connection state within the same kernel security authority. It is a standard local kernel compromise/DoS path, not a VM escape or cross-scope boundary bypass.\\nC:H - The race leads to a use-after-free/double sock_put on kernel socket objects. Kernel UAFs are defensibly scored as high confidentiality impact because freed objects can be reused for information disclosure primitives.\\nI:H - The same UAF/double-free condition can be leveraged through heap reuse and spraying to corrupt kernel objects or control flow. Under the required guidance, UAF memory corruption is High integrity impact.\\nA:H - Even without full exploitation, the double sock_put/use-after-free can crash or destabilize the kernel. 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Two concurrent connect() syscalls on the same\\nsocket can both pass the check and enter sco_connect(), leading\\nto use-after-free.\\n\\nThe buggy scenario involves three participants and was confirmed\\nwith additional logging instrumentation:\\n\\n  Thread A (connect):    HCI disconnect:      Thread B (connect):\\n\\n  sco_sock_connect(sk)                        sco_sock_connect(sk)\\n  sk_state==BT_OPEN                           sk_state==BT_OPEN\\n  (pass, no lock)                             (pass, no lock)\\n  sco_connect(sk):                            sco_connect(sk):\\n    hci_dev_lock                                hci_dev_lock\\n    hci_connect_sco                               \u003c- blocked\\n      -\u003e hcon1\\n    sco_conn_add-\u003econn1\\n    lock_sock(sk)\\n    sco_chan_add:\\n      conn1-\u003esk = sk\\n      sk-\u003econn = conn1\\n    sk_state=BT_CONNECT\\n    release_sock\\n    hci_dev_unlock\\n                           hci_dev_lock\\n                           sco_conn_del:\\n                             lock_sock(sk)\\n                             sco_chan_del:\\n                               sk-\u003econn=NULL\\n                               conn1-\u003esk=NULL\\n                               sk_state=\\n                                 BT_CLOSED\\n                               SOCK_ZAPPED\\n                             release_sock\\n                           hci_dev_unlock\\n                                                  (unblocked)\\n                                                  hci_connect_sco\\n                                                    -\u003e hcon2\\n                                                  sco_conn_add\\n                                                    -\u003e conn2\\n                                                  lock_sock(sk)\\n                                                  sco_chan_add:\\n                                                    sk-\u003econn=conn2\\n                                                  sk_state=\\n                                                    BT_CONNECT\\n                                                  // zombie sk!\\n                                                  release_sock\\n                                                  hci_dev_unlock\\n\\nThread B revives a BT_CLOSED + SOCK_ZAPPED socket back to\\nBT_CONNECT. Subsequent cleanup triggers double sock_put() and\\nuse-after-free. Meanwhile conn1 is leaked as it was orphaned\\nwhen sco_conn_del() cleared the association.\\n\\nFix this by:\\n- Moving lock_sock() before the sk_state/sk_type checks in\\n  sco_sock_connect() to serialize concurrent connect attempts\\n- Fixing the sk_type != SOCK_SEQPACKET check to actually\\n  return the error instead of just assigning it\\n- Adding a state re-check in sco_connect() after lock_sock()\\n  to catch state changes during the window between the locks\\n- Adding sco_pi(sk)-\u003econn check in sco_chan_add() to prevent\\n  double-attach of a socket to multiple connections\\n- Adding hci_conn_drop() on sco_chan_add failure to prevent\\n  HCI connection leaks\"}], \"cpeApplicability\": [{\"nodes\": [{\"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.1.168\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"6.1.109\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.6.134\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"6.3\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.12.81\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"6.3\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.18.22\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"6.3\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.19.12\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"6.3\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"7.0\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"6.3\"}], \"operator\": \"OR\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"shortName\": \"Linux\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-05T12:25:19.630Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2026-43023\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-10-19T19:06:09.917Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2026-05-01T14:12:55.975Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"datePublished\": \"2026-05-01T14:15:25.736Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"Linux\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}


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