CVE-2026-23111 (GCVE-0-2026-23111)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2026-02-13 13:29
Modified
2026-08-05 12:20
Severity ?
7.8 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nf_tables: fix inverted genmask check in nft_map_catchall_activate() nft_map_catchall_activate() has an inverted element activity check compared to its non-catchall counterpart nft_mapelem_activate() and compared to what is logically required. nft_map_catchall_activate() is called from the abort path to re-activate catchall map elements that were deactivated during a failed transaction. It should skip elements that are already active (they don't need re-activation) and process elements that are inactive (they need to be restored). Instead, the current code does the opposite: it skips inactive elements and processes active ones. Compare the non-catchall activate callback, which is correct: nft_mapelem_activate(): if (nft_set_elem_active(ext, iter->genmask)) return 0; /* skip active, process inactive */ With the buggy catchall version: nft_map_catchall_activate(): if (!nft_set_elem_active(ext, genmask)) continue; /* skip inactive, process active */ The consequence is that when a DELSET operation is aborted, nft_setelem_data_activate() is never called for the catchall element. For NFT_GOTO verdict elements, this means nft_data_hold() is never called to restore the chain->use reference count. Each abort cycle permanently decrements chain->use. Once chain->use reaches zero, DELCHAIN succeeds and frees the chain while catchall verdict elements still reference it, resulting in a use-after-free. This is exploitable for local privilege escalation from an unprivileged user via user namespaces + nftables on distributions that enable CONFIG_USER_NS and CONFIG_NF_TABLES. Fix by removing the negation so the check matches nft_mapelem_activate(): skip active elements, process inactive ones.
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Version: 25aa2ad37c2162be1c0bc4fe6397f7e4c13f00f8
Version: d60be2da67d172aecf866302c91ea11533eca4d9
Version: 628bd3e49cba1c066228e23d71a852c23e26da73
Version: 628bd3e49cba1c066228e23d71a852c23e26da73
Version: 628bd3e49cba1c066228e23d71a852c23e26da73
Version: 628bd3e49cba1c066228e23d71a852c23e26da73
Version: bc9f791d2593f17e39f87c6e2b3a36549a3705b1
Version: 3c7ec098e3b588434a8b07ea9b5b36f04cef1f50
Version: a136b7942ad2a50de708f76ea299ccb45ac7a7f9
Version: dc7cdf8cbcbf8b13de1df93f356ec04cdeef5c41
Version: 5.15.121   ≤
Version: 6.1.36   ≤
Version: 4.19.316   ≤
Version: 5.4.262   ≤
Version: 5.10.188   ≤
Version: 6.3.10   ≤
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This is a well-known exploitation technique in nftables UAF bugs.\\nI:H - The UAF enables heap spraying the freed chain object to gain arbitrary kernel memory write primitives, leading to full code execution in kernel context (local privilege escalation to root).\\nA:H - The use-after-free will cause kernel crashes (oops/panic) when the dangling reference to the freed chain is accessed, and the attacker can trigger this reliably.\"}]}], \"affected\": [{\"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\", \"vendor\": \"Linux\", \"product\": \"Linux\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"25aa2ad37c2162be1c0bc4fe6397f7e4c13f00f8\", \"lessThan\": \"8c760ba4e36c750379d13569f23f5a6e185333f5\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"d60be2da67d172aecf866302c91ea11533eca4d9\", \"lessThan\": \"b9b6573421de51829f7ec1cce76d85f5f6fbbd7f\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": 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{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"dc7cdf8cbcbf8b13de1df93f356ec04cdeef5c41\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"5.15.121\", \"lessThan\": \"5.15.200\", \"versionType\": \"semver\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"6.1.36\", \"lessThan\": \"6.1.163\", \"versionType\": \"semver\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"4.19.316\", \"lessThan\": \"4.20\", \"versionType\": \"semver\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"5.4.262\", \"lessThan\": \"5.5\", \"versionType\": \"semver\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"5.10.188\", \"lessThan\": \"5.11\", \"versionType\": \"semver\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"6.3.10\", \"lessThan\": \"6.4\", \"versionType\": \"semver\"}], \"programFiles\": [\"net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c\"], \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\"}, {\"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\", \"vendor\": \"Linux\", \"product\": \"Linux\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"6.4\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"0\", \"lessThan\": \"6.4\", \"versionType\": \"semver\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"5.15.200\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"5.15.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.1.163\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.1.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.6.124\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.6.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.12.70\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.12.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.18.10\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.18.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.19\", \"versionType\": \"original_commit_for_fix\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"*\"}], \"programFiles\": [\"net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c\"], \"defaultStatus\": \"affected\"}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8c760ba4e36c750379d13569f23f5a6e185333f5\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b9b6573421de51829f7ec1cce76d85f5f6fbbd7f\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/42c574c1504aa089a0a142e4c13859327570473d\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1444ff890b4653add12f734ffeffc173d42862dd\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8b68a45f9722f2babe9e7bad00aa74638addf081\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f41c5d151078c5348271ffaf8e7410d96f2d82f8\"}], \"x_generator\": {\"engine\": \"bippy-1.2.0\"}, \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nnetfilter: nf_tables: fix inverted genmask check in nft_map_catchall_activate()\\n\\nnft_map_catchall_activate() has an inverted element activity check\\ncompared to its non-catchall counterpart nft_mapelem_activate() and\\ncompared to what is logically required.\\n\\nnft_map_catchall_activate() is called from the abort path to re-activate\\ncatchall map elements that were deactivated during a failed transaction.\\nIt should skip elements that are already active (they don\u0027t need\\nre-activation) and process elements that are inactive (they need to be\\nrestored). Instead, the current code does the opposite: it skips inactive\\nelements and processes active ones.\\n\\nCompare the non-catchall activate callback, which is correct:\\n\\n  nft_mapelem_activate():\\n    if (nft_set_elem_active(ext, iter-\u003egenmask))\\n        return 0;   /* skip active, process inactive */\\n\\nWith the buggy catchall version:\\n\\n  nft_map_catchall_activate():\\n    if (!nft_set_elem_active(ext, genmask))\\n        continue;   /* skip inactive, process active */\\n\\nThe consequence is that when a DELSET operation is aborted,\\nnft_setelem_data_activate() is never called for the catchall element.\\nFor NFT_GOTO verdict elements, this means nft_data_hold() is never\\ncalled to restore the chain-\u003euse reference count. Each abort cycle\\npermanently decrements chain-\u003euse. Once chain-\u003euse reaches zero,\\nDELCHAIN succeeds and frees the chain while catchall verdict elements\\nstill reference it, resulting in a use-after-free.\\n\\nThis is exploitable for local privilege escalation from an unprivileged\\nuser via user namespaces + nftables on distributions that enable\\nCONFIG_USER_NS and CONFIG_NF_TABLES.\\n\\nFix by removing the negation so the check matches nft_mapelem_activate():\\nskip active elements, process inactive ones.\"}], \"cpeApplicability\": [{\"nodes\": [{\"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.15.200\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.15.121\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.1.163\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"6.1.36\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.6.124\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"6.4\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.12.70\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"6.4\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.18.10\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"6.4\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.19\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"6.4\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionStartIncluding\": \"4.19.316\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.4.262\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.10.188\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionStartIncluding\": \"6.3.10\"}], \"operator\": \"OR\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"shortName\": \"Linux\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-05T12:20:18.504Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2026-23111\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-05T12:20:18.504Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2026-01-13T15:37:45.968Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"datePublished\": \"2026-02-13T13:29:55.895Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"Linux\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}


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