CVE-2026-104437 (GCVE-0-2026-104437)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2026-10-02 11:38
Modified
2026-10-06 02:42
Severity ?
8.3 (High) - CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
7.4 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
7.4 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-347 - Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature
Summary
Zebra before 4.4.0 contains a consensus divergence vulnerability in V5 transparent signature verification, computing a ZIP-244 digest for SIGHASH_SINGLE inputs lacking corresponding outputs instead of failing. Attackers can craft V5 transactions with fewer outputs than inputs that Zebra accepts and templates via getblocktemplate, producing blocks zcashd rejects.
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ZcashFoundation | zebra |
Version: 0 ≤ |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-104437",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-10-06T02:42:33.915856Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-06T02:42:57.596Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/security/advisories/GHSA-cwfq-rfcr-8hmp"
}
],
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"packageURL": "pkg:cargo/zebrad",
"product": "zebra",
"vendor": "ZcashFoundation",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "4.4.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "4.4.0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:zfnd:zebra:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "4.4.0",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "reporter",
"value": "sangsoo-osec"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "reporter",
"value": "defuse"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "coordinator",
"value": "mpguerra"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "upbqdn"
}
],
"datePublic": "2026-05-02T00:00:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Zebra before 4.4.0 contains a consensus divergence vulnerability in V5 transparent signature verification, computing a ZIP-244 digest for SIGHASH_SINGLE inputs lacking corresponding outputs instead of failing. Attackers can craft V5 transactions with fewer outputs than inputs that Zebra accepts and templates via getblocktemplate, producing blocks zcashd rejects."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 8.3,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS"
},
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 7.4,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS"
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-347",
"description": "Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-02T11:38:13.855Z",
"orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"shortName": "VulnCheck"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "GitHub Security Advisory (GHSA-cwfq-rfcr-8hmp)",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/security/advisories/GHSA-cwfq-rfcr-8hmp"
},
{
"name": "VulnCheck Advisory: Zebra before 4.4.0 Consensus Split via SIGHASH_SINGLE Missing-Output Handling",
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/zebra-before-4.4.0-consensus-split-via-sighash-single-missing-output-handling"
}
],
"title": "Zebra before 4.4.0 Consensus Split via SIGHASH_SINGLE Missing-Output Handling",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "vulncheck-endgame"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-104437",
"datePublished": "2026-10-02T11:38:13.855Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-10-02T00:50:26.604Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-06T02:42:57.596Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2",
"vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
"vulnrichment": {
"containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2026-104437\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"poc\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"total\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2026-10-06T02:42:33.915856Z\"}}}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/security/advisories/GHSA-cwfq-rfcr-8hmp\", \"tags\": [\"exploit\"]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-10-06T02:42:51.662Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"Zebra before 4.4.0 Consensus Split via SIGHASH_SINGLE Missing-Output Handling\", \"credits\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"reporter\", \"value\": \"sangsoo-osec\"}, {\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"reporter\", \"value\": \"defuse\"}, {\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"coordinator\", \"value\": \"mpguerra\"}, {\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"finder\", \"value\": \"upbqdn\"}], \"metrics\": [{\"format\": \"CVSS\", \"cvssV4_0\": {\"Safety\": \"NOT_DEFINED\", \"version\": \"4.0\", \"Recovery\": \"NOT_DEFINED\", \"baseScore\": 8.3, \"Automatable\": \"NOT_DEFINED\", \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"valueDensity\": \"NOT_DEFINED\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N\", \"exploitMaturity\": \"NOT_DEFINED\", \"providerUrgency\": \"NOT_DEFINED\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"attackRequirements\": \"PRESENT\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"subIntegrityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"vulnIntegrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"subAvailabilityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"vulnAvailabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"subConfidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"vulnConfidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"vulnerabilityResponseEffort\": \"NOT_DEFINED\"}}, {\"format\": \"CVSS\", \"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 7.4, \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H\", \"integrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"HIGH\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\"}}], \"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"ZcashFoundation\", \"product\": \"zebra\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"0\", \"lessThan\": \"4.4.0\", \"versionType\": \"semver\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"4.4.0\", \"versionType\": \"semver\"}], \"packageURL\": \"pkg:cargo/zebrad\", \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\"}], \"datePublic\": \"2026-05-02T00:00:00.000Z\", \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/security/advisories/GHSA-cwfq-rfcr-8hmp\", \"name\": \"GitHub Security Advisory (GHSA-cwfq-rfcr-8hmp)\", \"tags\": [\"vendor-advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/zebra-before-4.4.0-consensus-split-via-sighash-single-missing-output-handling\", \"name\": \"VulnCheck Advisory: Zebra before 4.4.0 Consensus Split via SIGHASH_SINGLE Missing-Output Handling\", \"tags\": [\"third-party-advisory\"]}], \"x_generator\": {\"engine\": \"vulncheck-endgame\"}, \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Zebra before 4.4.0 contains a consensus divergence vulnerability in V5 transparent signature verification, computing a ZIP-244 digest for SIGHASH_SINGLE inputs lacking corresponding outputs instead of failing. Attackers can craft V5 transactions with fewer outputs than inputs that Zebra accepts and templates via getblocktemplate, producing blocks zcashd rejects.\"}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-347\", \"description\": \"Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature\"}]}], \"cpeApplicability\": [{\"nodes\": [{\"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:a:zfnd:zebra:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"4.4.0\"}], \"operator\": \"OR\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10\", \"shortName\": \"VulnCheck\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-10-02T11:38:13.855Z\"}}}",
"cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2026-104437\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-10-06T02:42:57.596Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2026-10-02T00:50:26.604Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10\", \"datePublished\": \"2026-10-02T11:38:13.855Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"VulnCheck\"}",
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
Loading…
Loading…
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or seen somewhere by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability is confirmed from an analyst perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: This vulnerability was exploited and seen by the user reporting the sighting.
- Patched: This vulnerability was successfully patched by the user reporting the sighting.
- Not exploited: This vulnerability was not exploited or seen by the user reporting the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expresses doubt about the veracity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: This vulnerability was not successfully patched by the user reporting the sighting.
Loading…
Loading…