{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-54879",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-08-06T20:32:42.219873Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-08-06T20:32:56.740Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "exploit"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/security/advisories/GHSA-84ch-6436-c7mg"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "mastodon",
          "vendor": "mastodon",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 3.1.5, \u003c 4.2.24"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 4.3.0, \u003c 4.3.11"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 4.4.0, \u003c 4.4.3"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Mastodon is a free, open-source social network server based on ActivityPub Mastodon which facilitates LDAP configuration for authentication. In versions 3.1.5 through 4.2.24, 4.3.0 through 4.3.11 and 4.4.0 through 4.4.3, Mastodon\u0027s rate-limiting system has a critical configuration error where the email-based throttle for confirmation emails incorrectly checks the password reset path instead of the confirmation path, effectively disabling per-email limits for confirmation requests. This allows attackers to bypass rate limits by rotating IP addresses and send unlimited confirmation emails to any email address, as only a weak IP-based throttle (25 requests per 5 minutes) remains active. The vulnerability enables denial-of-service attacks that can overwhelm mail queues and facilitate user harassment through confirmation email spam. This is fixed in versions 4.2.24, 4.3.11 and 4.4.3."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "LOW",
            "baseScore": 5.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-770",
              "description": "CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-08-05T23:39:59.130Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/security/advisories/GHSA-84ch-6436-c7mg",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/security/advisories/GHSA-84ch-6436-c7mg"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/commit/e2592419d93fb41be03c2f3ff6a122fecb0e0952",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/commit/e2592419d93fb41be03c2f3ff6a122fecb0e0952"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/releases/tag/v4.4.3",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/releases/tag/v4.4.3"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-84ch-6436-c7mg",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Mastodon e\u2011mail throttle misconfiguration allows unlimited email confirmations against unconfirmed emails"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-54879",
    "datePublished": "2025-08-05T23:39:59.130Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-07-31T17:23:33.475Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-08-06T20:32:56.740Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2025-54879\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"poc\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"yes\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"partial\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2025-08-06T20:32:42.219873Z\"}}}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/security/advisories/GHSA-84ch-6436-c7mg\", \"tags\": [\"exploit\"]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-08-06T16:14:05.680Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"Mastodon e\\u2011mail throttle misconfiguration allows unlimited email confirmations against unconfirmed emails\", \"source\": {\"advisory\": \"GHSA-84ch-6436-c7mg\", \"discovery\": \"UNKNOWN\"}, \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 5.3, \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"MEDIUM\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L\", \"integrityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"LOW\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\"}}], \"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"mastodon\", \"product\": \"mastodon\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003e= 3.1.5, \u003c 4.2.24\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003e= 4.3.0, \u003c 4.3.11\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003e= 4.4.0, \u003c 4.4.3\"}]}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/security/advisories/GHSA-84ch-6436-c7mg\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/security/advisories/GHSA-84ch-6436-c7mg\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_CONFIRM\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/commit/e2592419d93fb41be03c2f3ff6a122fecb0e0952\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/commit/e2592419d93fb41be03c2f3ff6a122fecb0e0952\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/releases/tag/v4.4.3\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/releases/tag/v4.4.3\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\"]}], \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Mastodon is a free, open-source social network server based on ActivityPub Mastodon which facilitates LDAP configuration for authentication. In versions 3.1.5 through 4.2.24, 4.3.0 through 4.3.11 and 4.4.0 through 4.4.3, Mastodon\u0027s rate-limiting system has a critical configuration error where the email-based throttle for confirmation emails incorrectly checks the password reset path instead of the confirmation path, effectively disabling per-email limits for confirmation requests. This allows attackers to bypass rate limits by rotating IP addresses and send unlimited confirmation emails to any email address, as only a weak IP-based throttle (25 requests per 5 minutes) remains active. The vulnerability enables denial-of-service attacks that can overwhelm mail queues and facilitate user harassment through confirmation email spam. This is fixed in versions 4.2.24, 4.3.11 and 4.4.3.\"}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-770\", \"description\": \"CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"shortName\": \"GitHub_M\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-08-05T23:39:59.130Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2025-54879\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-08-06T20:32:56.740Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2025-07-31T17:23:33.475Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"datePublished\": \"2025-08-05T23:39:59.130Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"GitHub_M\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.1"
    }
  }
}