CVE-2025-40364 (GCVE-0-2025-40364)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2025-04-18 13:50
Modified
2026-08-05 12:09
Severity ?
7.8 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: io_uring: fix io_req_prep_async with provided buffers io_req_prep_async() can import provided buffers, commit the ring state by giving up on that before, it'll be reimported later if needed.
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Version: c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a
Version: c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a
Version: c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a
Version: c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a
Version: c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a
Version: c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a
Version: c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a
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{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "io_uring/io_uring.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "233b210a678bddf8b49b02a070074a52b87e6d43",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "a1b17713b32c75a90132ea2f92b1257f3bbc20f3",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "35ae7910c349fb3c60439992e2e0e79061e95382",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "f0ef94553868d07c1b14d7743a7e2553e5a831a3",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "d63b0e8a628e62ca85a0f7915230186bb92f8bb4",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "c7fb19428d67dd0a2a78a4f237af01d39c78dc5a",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "io_uring/io_uring.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.19"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5.19",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.129",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.78",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.14",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.13.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.13.3",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.14",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.129",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.19",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.129",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.19",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.78",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.19",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.78",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.19",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.14",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.19",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.13.3",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.19",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.14",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.19",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nio_uring: fix io_req_prep_async with provided buffers\n\nio_req_prep_async() can import provided buffers, commit the ring state\nby giving up on that before, it\u0027ll be reimported later if needed."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerability is reached exclusively through the local io_uring interface \u2014 io_uring_setup(2), io_uring_register(2) for PBUF_RING register/unregister, and io_uring_enter(2) SQE submission. No network or adjacent-network path exists into io_req_prep_async().\nAC:L - The attacker controls every element: registering the buffer ring, forcing the prep_async path via IOSQE_ASYNC/IOSQE_IO_LINK/IOSQE_IO_DRAIN on a pollable fd, and freeing the io_buffer_list with IORING_UNREGISTER_PBUF_RING at a moment of their choosing. With IOSQE_IO_LINK the stale req-\u003ebuf_list is held indefinitely while the link head is pending, making the sequence fully deterministic with no race to win.\nPR:L - There is not a single capable() or CAP_* check on any function in the path \u2014 io_register_pbuf_ring(), io_unregister_pbuf_ring(), and buffer-select submission are all unprivileged, and io_uring is enabled by default (kernel.io_uring_disabled=0). Any local unprivileged user, including one inside a container or sandbox, can trigger it.\nUI:N - The entire sequence is performed by the attacker\u0027s own process against its own io_uring instance; no victim action, mount, or file open is required.\nS:U - The corrupted io_buffer_list and the resulting privilege escalation are both within the kernel\u0027s own security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or hypervisor boundary is crossed.\nC:H - __io_put_kbuf_list()/__io_put_kbuf_ring() read bl-\u003ebgid from the freed io_buffer_list and return it to userspace in the CQE IORING_CQE_F_BUFFER field, giving a repeatable 16-bit read oracle over reallocated kmalloc-64 slab contents; on 6.12+ the reallocated bl-\u003ebuf_ring pointer is dereferenced with attacker-chosen head/mask, extending this to broad kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - The stale pointer yields a write primitive \u2014 bl-\u003ehead++ on freed memory, and via io_kbuf_commit() with IOBL_INC an attacker-controlled bl-\u003ebuf_ring is dereferenced to perform buf-\u003elen -= len / buf-\u003eaddr += len, an arbitrary-address write. Heap grooming to reallocate the freed io_buffer_list makes this a viable local privilege escalation.\nA:H - Dereferencing and incrementing fields of a kfree\u0027d io_buffer_list, plus unsynchronized bl-\u003ehead updates from io-wq without uring_lock, corrupts arbitrary slab objects and reliably produces oopses, KASAN splats, or a kernel panic."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:09:55.585Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/233b210a678bddf8b49b02a070074a52b87e6d43"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a1b17713b32c75a90132ea2f92b1257f3bbc20f3"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b86f1d51731e621e83305dc9564ae14c9ef752bf"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a94592ec30ff67dc36c424327f1e0a9ceeeb9bd3"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/35ae7910c349fb3c60439992e2e0e79061e95382"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f0ef94553868d07c1b14d7743a7e2553e5a831a3"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d63b0e8a628e62ca85a0f7915230186bb92f8bb4"
        }
      ],
      "title": "io_uring: fix io_req_prep_async with provided buffers",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-40364",
    "datePublished": "2025-04-18T13:50:24.257Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.187Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:09:55.585Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}


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