CVE-2025-37876 (GCVE-0-2025-37876)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2025-05-09 06:45
Modified
2026-08-05 11:57
Severity ?
7.0 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfs: Only create /proc/fs/netfs with CONFIG_PROC_FS When testing a special config: CONFIG_NETFS_SUPPORTS=y CONFIG_PROC_FS=n The system crashes with something like: [ 3.766197] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 3.766484] kernel BUG at mm/mempool.c:560! [ 3.766789] Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI [ 3.767123] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Tainted: G W [ 3.767777] Tainted: [W]=WARN [ 3.767968] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), [ 3.768523] RIP: 0010:mempool_alloc_slab.cold+0x17/0x19 [ 3.768847] Code: 50 fe ff 58 5b 5d 41 5c 41 5d 41 5e 41 5f e9 93 95 13 00 [ 3.769977] RSP: 0018:ffffc90000013998 EFLAGS: 00010286 [ 3.770315] RAX: 000000000000002f RBX: ffff888100ba8640 RCX: 0000000000000000 [ 3.770749] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000003 RDI: 00000000ffffffff [ 3.771217] RBP: 0000000000092880 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: ffffc90000013828 [ 3.771664] R10: 0000000000000001 R11: 00000000ffffffea R12: 0000000000092cc0 [ 3.772117] R13: 0000000000000400 R14: ffff8881004b1620 R15: ffffea0004ef7e40 [ 3.772554] FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff8881b5f3c000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 [ 3.773061] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 [ 3.773443] CR2: ffffffff830901b4 CR3: 0000000004296001 CR4: 0000000000770ef0 [ 3.773884] PKRU: 55555554 [ 3.774058] Call Trace: [ 3.774232] <TASK> [ 3.774371] mempool_alloc_noprof+0x6a/0x190 [ 3.774649] ? _printk+0x57/0x80 [ 3.774862] netfs_alloc_request+0x85/0x2ce [ 3.775147] netfs_readahead+0x28/0x170 [ 3.775395] read_pages+0x6c/0x350 [ 3.775623] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 [ 3.775928] page_cache_ra_unbounded+0x1bd/0x2a0 [ 3.776247] filemap_get_pages+0x139/0x970 [ 3.776510] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 [ 3.776820] filemap_read+0xf9/0x580 [ 3.777054] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 [ 3.777368] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 [ 3.777674] ? find_held_lock+0x32/0x90 [ 3.777929] ? netfs_start_io_read+0x19/0x70 [ 3.778221] ? netfs_start_io_read+0x19/0x70 [ 3.778489] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 [ 3.778800] ? lock_acquired+0x1e6/0x450 [ 3.779054] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 [ 3.779379] netfs_buffered_read_iter+0x57/0x80 [ 3.779670] __kernel_read+0x158/0x2c0 [ 3.779927] bprm_execve+0x300/0x7a0 [ 3.780185] kernel_execve+0x10c/0x140 [ 3.780423] ? __pfx_kernel_init+0x10/0x10 [ 3.780690] kernel_init+0xd5/0x150 [ 3.780910] ret_from_fork+0x2d/0x50 [ 3.781156] ? __pfx_kernel_init+0x10/0x10 [ 3.781414] ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 [ 3.781677] </TASK> [ 3.781823] Modules linked in: [ 3.782065] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- This is caused by the following error path in netfs_init(): if (!proc_mkdir("fs/netfs", NULL)) goto error_proc; Fix this by adding ifdef in netfs_main(), so that /proc/fs/netfs is only created with CONFIG_PROC_FS.
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Version: 7eb5b3e3a0a55f2d166ca949ef47ca6e0c704aab
Version: 7eb5b3e3a0a55f2d166ca949ef47ca6e0c704aab
Version: 7eb5b3e3a0a55f2d166ca949ef47ca6e0c704aab
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{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "fs/netfs/main.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "2ef6eea2efce01d1956ace483216f6b6e26330c9",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7eb5b3e3a0a55f2d166ca949ef47ca6e0c704aab",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6c4c5e0b96a90f2a11c378e66edc1f25165e10b6",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7eb5b3e3a0a55f2d166ca949ef47ca6e0c704aab",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "40cb48eba3b4b79e110c1a35d33a48cac54507a2",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7eb5b3e3a0a55f2d166ca949ef47ca6e0c704aab",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "fs/netfs/main.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.8"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.8",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.26",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.14.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.14.5",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.15",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.26",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.14.5",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.15",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfs: Only create /proc/fs/netfs with CONFIG_PROC_FS\n\nWhen testing a special config:\n\nCONFIG_NETFS_SUPPORTS=y\nCONFIG_PROC_FS=n\n\nThe system crashes with something like:\n\n[    3.766197] ------------[ cut here ]------------\n[    3.766484] kernel BUG at mm/mempool.c:560!\n[    3.766789] Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI\n[    3.767123] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Tainted: G        W\n[    3.767777] Tainted: [W]=WARN\n[    3.767968] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996),\n[    3.768523] RIP: 0010:mempool_alloc_slab.cold+0x17/0x19\n[    3.768847] Code: 50 fe ff 58 5b 5d 41 5c 41 5d 41 5e 41 5f e9 93 95 13 00\n[    3.769977] RSP: 0018:ffffc90000013998 EFLAGS: 00010286\n[    3.770315] RAX: 000000000000002f RBX: ffff888100ba8640 RCX: 0000000000000000\n[    3.770749] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000003 RDI: 00000000ffffffff\n[    3.771217] RBP: 0000000000092880 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: ffffc90000013828\n[    3.771664] R10: 0000000000000001 R11: 00000000ffffffea R12: 0000000000092cc0\n[    3.772117] R13: 0000000000000400 R14: ffff8881004b1620 R15: ffffea0004ef7e40\n[    3.772554] FS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff8881b5f3c000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000\n[    3.773061] CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033\n[    3.773443] CR2: ffffffff830901b4 CR3: 0000000004296001 CR4: 0000000000770ef0\n[    3.773884] PKRU: 55555554\n[    3.774058] Call Trace:\n[    3.774232]  \u003cTASK\u003e\n[    3.774371]  mempool_alloc_noprof+0x6a/0x190\n[    3.774649]  ? _printk+0x57/0x80\n[    3.774862]  netfs_alloc_request+0x85/0x2ce\n[    3.775147]  netfs_readahead+0x28/0x170\n[    3.775395]  read_pages+0x6c/0x350\n[    3.775623]  ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5\n[    3.775928]  page_cache_ra_unbounded+0x1bd/0x2a0\n[    3.776247]  filemap_get_pages+0x139/0x970\n[    3.776510]  ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5\n[    3.776820]  filemap_read+0xf9/0x580\n[    3.777054]  ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5\n[    3.777368]  ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5\n[    3.777674]  ? find_held_lock+0x32/0x90\n[    3.777929]  ? netfs_start_io_read+0x19/0x70\n[    3.778221]  ? netfs_start_io_read+0x19/0x70\n[    3.778489]  ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5\n[    3.778800]  ? lock_acquired+0x1e6/0x450\n[    3.779054]  ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5\n[    3.779379]  netfs_buffered_read_iter+0x57/0x80\n[    3.779670]  __kernel_read+0x158/0x2c0\n[    3.779927]  bprm_execve+0x300/0x7a0\n[    3.780185]  kernel_execve+0x10c/0x140\n[    3.780423]  ? __pfx_kernel_init+0x10/0x10\n[    3.780690]  kernel_init+0xd5/0x150\n[    3.780910]  ret_from_fork+0x2d/0x50\n[    3.781156]  ? __pfx_kernel_init+0x10/0x10\n[    3.781414]  ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30\n[    3.781677]  \u003c/TASK\u003e\n[    3.781823] Modules linked in:\n[    3.782065] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---\n\nThis is caused by the following error path in netfs_init():\n\n        if (!proc_mkdir(\"fs/netfs\", NULL))\n                goto error_proc;\n\nFix this by adding ifdef in netfs_main(), so that /proc/fs/netfs is only\ncreated with CONFIG_PROC_FS."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable code is reached via ordinary file I/O (read/mmap/execve) on a locally mounted netfs-backed filesystem (9p, NFS, ceph, cifs, afs, erofs-ondemand), through `netfs_readahead`/`netfs_buffered_read_iter` \u2192 `netfs_alloc_request`. No remote peer input drives the faulting allocation, so local access is required.\nAC:H - Triggering requires the kernel to be built with `CONFIG_PROC_FS=n` (plus `CONFIG_NETFS_SUPPORT=y`), a non-default, EXPERT-only configuration that is rare in practice and entirely beyond the attacker\u0027s control; with CONFIG_PROC_FS=y the `proc_mkdir(\"fs/netfs\")` failure path is not taken.\nPR:L - An unprivileged local user with read access to any file on a netfs-backed mount triggers `netfs_alloc_request()`; no capability, CAP_SYS_ADMIN, or namespace privilege is checked anywhere along the read path.\nUI:N - On a system with an already-mounted or automounted netfs filesystem (including NFS/9p root), the attacker simply reads a file; no action by another user or administrator is needed.\nS:U - The dangling mempool/slab pointers and the resulting corruption are confined to the kernel\u0027s own memory and security authority, with no crossing into a hypervisor, IOMMU, or other security scope.\nC:H - `netfs_alloc_request()` dereferences the destroyed `kmem_cache` via `mempool-\u003epool_data` and `kmem_cache_size(cache)`, a use-after-free read of a freed slab descriptor whose contents an attacker can influence through heap grooming, and the resulting mis-sized allocation/memset can expose adjacent kernel heap data.\nI:H - `kmem_cache_alloc()` is performed on a freed cache descriptor and the object is then zeroed for `kmem_cache_size(cache)` bytes read from that freed memory, giving a controllable-length zero-write past the allocation \u2014 a heap corruption primitive usable for control-flow hijacking.\nA:H - The documented and immediate result is a kernel BUG/oops in `mempool_alloc_slab` (`kernel BUG at mm/mempool.c`), which in the reported case killed PID 1 during `bprm_execve` and panics the system; every subsequent netfs request repeats the fault."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:57:59.281Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2ef6eea2efce01d1956ace483216f6b6e26330c9"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6c4c5e0b96a90f2a11c378e66edc1f25165e10b6"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/40cb48eba3b4b79e110c1a35d33a48cac54507a2"
        }
      ],
      "title": "netfs: Only create /proc/fs/netfs with CONFIG_PROC_FS",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-37876",
    "datePublished": "2025-05-09T06:45:40.934Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:23.960Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:57:59.281Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}


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