CVE-2025-27801 (GCVE-0-2025-27801)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-28 08:40 – Updated: 2025-11-03 19:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Stored Cross-Site Scripting in Episerver Content Management System (CMS) Media Selection Preview
Summary
The Episerver Content Management System (CMS) by Optimizely was affected by multiple Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities. This allowed an authenticated attacker to execute malicious JavaScript code in the victim's browser.
ContentReference properties, which could be used in the "Edit" section of the CMS, offered an upload functionality for documents. These documents could later be used as displayed content on the page. It was possible to upload SVG files that include malicious JavaScript code that would be executed if a user visited the direct URL of the preview image. Attackers needed at least the role "WebEditor" in order to exploit this issue.
Affected products: Version 11.X: EPiServer.CMS.Core (<11.21.4) with EPiServer.CMS.UI (<11.37.5), Version 12.X: EPiServer.CMS.Core (<12.22.1) with EPiServer.CMS.UI (<11.37.3)
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-07-28 16:48 UTC
CWE
- CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (XSS or 'Cross-site Scripting')
Assigner
SEC-VLab
CNA
References
4 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Optimizely | Episerver Content Management System (CMS) |
Affected:
11.x , < 11.21.4
(custom)
Affected: 12.x , < 12.22.1 (custom) |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-27801",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-07-28T16:48:16.253770Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-07-28T16:49:08.730Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
},
{
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T19:46:25.984Z",
"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"shortName": "CVE"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Aug/18"
}
],
"title": "CVE Program Container"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"modules": [
"EPiServer.CMS.Core"
],
"product": "Episerver Content Management System (CMS)",
"vendor": "Optimizely",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "11.21.4",
"status": "affected",
"version": "11.x",
"versionType": "custom"
},
{
"lessThan": "12.22.1",
"status": "affected",
"version": "12.x",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Kai Zimmermann, SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Felix Beie, SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cspan style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003eThe Episerver Content Management System (CMS) by Optimizely was affected by multiple Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities. This allowed an authenticated attacker to execute malicious JavaScript code in the victim\u0027s browser.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\n\u003cspan style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003eContentReference properties, which could be used in the \"Edit\" section of the CMS, offered an upload functionality for documents. These documents could later be used as displayed content on the page. It was possible to upload SVG files that include malicious JavaScript code that would be executed if a user visited the direct URL of the preview image. Attackers needed at least the role \"WebEditor\" in order to exploit this issue.\u003c/span\u003e\n\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\n\u003cbr\u003e\n\nAffected products: Version 11.X: EPiServer.CMS.Core (\u0026lt;11.21.4) with EPiServer.CMS.UI (\u0026lt;11.37.5), Version 12.X: EPiServer.CMS.Core (\u0026lt;12.22.1) with EPiServer.CMS.UI (\u0026lt;11.37.3)"
}
],
"value": "The Episerver Content Management System (CMS) by Optimizely was affected by multiple Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities. This allowed an authenticated attacker to execute malicious JavaScript code in the victim\u0027s browser.\n\n\n\nContentReference properties, which could be used in the \"Edit\" section of the CMS, offered an upload functionality for documents. These documents could later be used as displayed content on the page. It was possible to upload SVG files that include malicious JavaScript code that would be executed if a user visited the direct URL of the preview image. Attackers needed at least the role \"WebEditor\" in order to exploit this issue.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nAffected products: Version 11.X: EPiServer.CMS.Core (\u003c11.21.4) with EPiServer.CMS.UI (\u003c11.37.5), Version 12.X: EPiServer.CMS.Core (\u003c12.22.1) with EPiServer.CMS.UI (\u003c11.37.3)"
}
],
"impacts": [
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-63",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-63 Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 4.6,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"subIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
"userInteraction": "ACTIVE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:A/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
},
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 4.8,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"integrityImpact": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-79",
"description": "CWE-79 Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (XSS or \u0027Cross-site Scripting\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-07-29T09:37:21.584Z",
"orgId": "551230f0-3615-47bd-b7cc-93e92e730bbf",
"shortName": "SEC-VLab"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"patch"
],
"url": "https://api.nuget.optimizely.com/packages/episerver.cms.core/11.21.4#"
},
{
"tags": [
"patch"
],
"url": "https://api.nuget.optimizely.com/packages/episerver.cms.core/12.22.1#"
},
{
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://r.sec-consult.com/optimizely"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "The vendor already provides a security patch (updated packages) which should be \ninstalled immediately.\u003cbr\u003e"
}
],
"value": "The vendor already provides a security patch (updated packages) which should be \ninstalled immediately."
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Stored Cross-Site Scripting in Episerver Content Management System (CMS) Media Selection Preview",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "551230f0-3615-47bd-b7cc-93e92e730bbf",
"assignerShortName": "SEC-VLab",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-27801",
"datePublished": "2025-07-28T08:40:15.815Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-03-07T06:46:34.309Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T19:46:25.984Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2",
"vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
"vulnrichment": {
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-27801",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-07-28T16:48:16.253770Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-07-28T16:48:20.867Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"modules": [
"EPiServer.CMS.Core"
],
"product": "Episerver Content Management System (CMS)",
"vendor": "Optimizely",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "11.21.4",
"status": "affected",
"version": "11.x",
"versionType": "custom"
},
{
"lessThan": "12.22.1",
"status": "affected",
"version": "12.x",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Kai Zimmermann, SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Felix Beie, SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cspan style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003eThe Episerver Content Management System (CMS) by Optimizely was affected by multiple Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities. This allowed an authenticated attacker to execute malicious JavaScript code in the victim\u0027s browser.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\n\u003cspan style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003eContentReference properties, which could be used in the \"Edit\" section of the CMS, offered an upload functionality for documents. These documents could later be used as displayed content on the page. It was possible to upload SVG files that include malicious JavaScript code that would be executed if a user visited the direct URL of the preview image. Attackers needed at least the role \"WebEditor\" in order to exploit this issue.\u003c/span\u003e\n\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\n\u003cbr\u003e\n\nAffected products: Version 11.X: EPiServer.CMS.Core (\u0026lt;11.21.4) with EPiServer.CMS.UI (\u0026lt;11.37.5), Version 12.X: EPiServer.CMS.Core (\u0026lt;12.22.1) with EPiServer.CMS.UI (\u0026lt;11.37.3)"
}
],
"value": "The Episerver Content Management System (CMS) by Optimizely was affected by multiple Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities. This allowed an authenticated attacker to execute malicious JavaScript code in the victim\u0027s browser.\n\n\n\nContentReference properties, which could be used in the \"Edit\" section of the CMS, offered an upload functionality for documents. These documents could later be used as displayed content on the page. It was possible to upload SVG files that include malicious JavaScript code that would be executed if a user visited the direct URL of the preview image. Attackers needed at least the role \"WebEditor\" in order to exploit this issue.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nAffected products: Version 11.X: EPiServer.CMS.Core (\u003c11.21.4) with EPiServer.CMS.UI (\u003c11.37.5), Version 12.X: EPiServer.CMS.Core (\u003c12.22.1) with EPiServer.CMS.UI (\u003c11.37.3)"
}
],
"impacts": [
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-63",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-63 Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 4.6,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"subIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
"userInteraction": "ACTIVE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:A/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
},
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 4.8,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"integrityImpact": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-79",
"description": "CWE-79 Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (XSS or \u0027Cross-site Scripting\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-07-29T09:37:21.584Z",
"orgId": "551230f0-3615-47bd-b7cc-93e92e730bbf",
"shortName": "SEC-VLab"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"patch"
],
"url": "https://api.nuget.optimizely.com/packages/episerver.cms.core/11.21.4#"
},
{
"tags": [
"patch"
],
"url": "https://api.nuget.optimizely.com/packages/episerver.cms.core/12.22.1#"
},
{
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://r.sec-consult.com/optimizely"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "The vendor already provides a security patch (updated packages) which should be \ninstalled immediately.\u003cbr\u003e"
}
],
"value": "The vendor already provides a security patch (updated packages) which should be \ninstalled immediately."
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Stored Cross-Site Scripting in Episerver Content Management System (CMS) Media Selection Preview",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "551230f0-3615-47bd-b7cc-93e92e730bbf",
"assignerShortName": "SEC-VLab",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-27801",
"datePublished": "2025-07-28T08:40:15.815Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-03-07T06:46:34.309Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-07-29T09:37:21.584Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
}
}
Loading…
Loading…
Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline
Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC
Loading timeline…
Loading…
Loading…
The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
Loading…
Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.