CVE-2025-22035 (GCVE-0-2025-22035)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2025-04-16 14:11
Modified
2026-05-23 15:57
Severity ?
7.8 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tracing: Fix use-after-free in print_graph_function_flags during tracer switching Kairui reported a UAF issue in print_graph_function_flags() during ftrace stress testing [1]. This issue can be reproduced if puting a 'mdelay(10)' after 'mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock)' in s_start(), and executing the following script: $ echo function_graph > current_tracer $ cat trace > /dev/null & $ sleep 5 # Ensure the 'cat' reaches the 'mdelay(10)' point $ echo timerlat > current_tracer The root cause lies in the two calls to print_graph_function_flags within print_trace_line during each s_show(): * One through 'iter->trace->print_line()'; * Another through 'event->funcs->trace()', which is hidden in print_trace_fmt() before print_trace_line returns. Tracer switching only updates the former, while the latter continues to use the print_line function of the old tracer, which in the script above is print_graph_function_flags. Moreover, when switching from the 'function_graph' tracer to the 'timerlat' tracer, s_start only calls graph_trace_close of the 'function_graph' tracer to free 'iter->private', but does not set it to NULL. This provides an opportunity for 'event->funcs->trace()' to use an invalid 'iter->private'. To fix this issue, set 'iter->private' to NULL immediately after freeing it in graph_trace_close(), ensuring that an invalid pointer is not passed to other tracers. Additionally, clean up the unnecessary 'iter->private = NULL' during each 'cat trace' when using wakeup and irqsoff tracers. [1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20231112150030.84609-1-ryncsn@gmail.com/
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Version: 05319d707732c728eb721ac616a50e7978eb499a
Version: b8205dfed68183dc1470e83863c5ded6d7fa30a9
Version: ce6e2b14bc094866d9173db6935da2d752f06d8b
Version: 2cb0c037c927db4ec928cc927488e52aa359786e
Version: eecb91b9f98d6427d4af5fdb8f108f52572a39e7
Version: eecb91b9f98d6427d4af5fdb8f108f52572a39e7
Version: eecb91b9f98d6427d4af5fdb8f108f52572a39e7
Version: eecb91b9f98d6427d4af5fdb8f108f52572a39e7
Version: eecb91b9f98d6427d4af5fdb8f108f52572a39e7
Version: d6b35c9a8d51032ed9890431da3ae39fe76c1ae3
Version: 5d433eda76b66ab271f5924b26ddfec063eeb454
Version: 2242640e9bd94e706acf75c60a2ab1d0e150e0fb
Version: 5.4.255   ≤
Version: 5.10.193   ≤
Version: 5.15.129   ≤
Version: 6.1.50   ≤
Version: 4.14.324   ≤
Version: 4.19.293   ≤
Version: 6.4.13   ≤
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
              "attackVector": "LOCAL",
              "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
              "baseScore": 7.8,
              "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
              "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
              "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
              "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "NONE",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
              "version": "3.1"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-22035",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-04-21T14:57:52.767300Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "problemTypes": [
          {
            "descriptions": [
              {
                "cweId": "CWE-416",
                "description": "CWE-416 Use After Free",
                "lang": "en",
                "type": "CWE"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-04-21T15:01:46.658Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      },
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T19:41:18.919Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00045.html"
          },
          {
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00030.html"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "kernel/trace/trace_functions_graph.c",
            "kernel/trace/trace_irqsoff.c",
            "kernel/trace/trace_sched_wakeup.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "42561fe62c3628ea3bc9623f64f047605e98857f",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "05319d707732c728eb721ac616a50e7978eb499a",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "de7b309139f862a44379ecd96e93c9133c69f813",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "b8205dfed68183dc1470e83863c5ded6d7fa30a9",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "81a85b12132c8ffe98f5ddbdc185481790aeaa1b",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "ce6e2b14bc094866d9173db6935da2d752f06d8b",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "a2cce54c1748216535dda02e185d07a084be837e",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2cb0c037c927db4ec928cc927488e52aa359786e",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "099ef3385800828b74933a96c117574637c3fb3a",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "eecb91b9f98d6427d4af5fdb8f108f52572a39e7",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "c85efe6e13743cac6ba4ccf144cb91f44c86231a",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "eecb91b9f98d6427d4af5fdb8f108f52572a39e7",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "f14752d66056d0c7bffe5092130409417d3baa70",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "eecb91b9f98d6427d4af5fdb8f108f52572a39e7",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "70be951bc01e4a0e10d443f3510bb17426f257fb",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "eecb91b9f98d6427d4af5fdb8f108f52572a39e7",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "7f81f27b1093e4895e87b74143c59c055c3b1906",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "eecb91b9f98d6427d4af5fdb8f108f52572a39e7",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "d6b35c9a8d51032ed9890431da3ae39fe76c1ae3",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5d433eda76b66ab271f5924b26ddfec063eeb454",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2242640e9bd94e706acf75c60a2ab1d0e150e0fb",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5.4.292",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.4.255",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5.10.236",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.10.193",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5.15.180",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.15.129",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.1.134",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.1.50",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "4.15",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.14.324",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "4.20",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.19.293",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.5",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.4.13",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "kernel/trace/trace_functions_graph.c",
            "kernel/trace/trace_irqsoff.c",
            "kernel/trace/trace_sched_wakeup.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.5"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.5",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.4.292",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.10.236",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.180",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.134",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.87",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.23",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.13.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.13.11",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.14.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.14.2",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.15",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.4.292",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.4.255",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.236",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.10.193",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.180",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.15.129",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.134",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.1.50",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.87",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.5",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.23",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.5",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.13.11",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.5",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.14.2",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.5",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.15",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.5",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.14.324",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.19.293",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.4.13",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ntracing: Fix use-after-free in print_graph_function_flags during tracer switching\n\nKairui reported a UAF issue in print_graph_function_flags() during\nftrace stress testing [1]. This issue can be reproduced if puting a\n\u0027mdelay(10)\u0027 after \u0027mutex_unlock(\u0026trace_types_lock)\u0027 in s_start(),\nand executing the following script:\n\n  $ echo function_graph \u003e current_tracer\n  $ cat trace \u003e /dev/null \u0026\n  $ sleep 5  # Ensure the \u0027cat\u0027 reaches the \u0027mdelay(10)\u0027 point\n  $ echo timerlat \u003e current_tracer\n\nThe root cause lies in the two calls to print_graph_function_flags\nwithin print_trace_line during each s_show():\n\n  * One through \u0027iter-\u003etrace-\u003eprint_line()\u0027;\n  * Another through \u0027event-\u003efuncs-\u003etrace()\u0027, which is hidden in\n    print_trace_fmt() before print_trace_line returns.\n\nTracer switching only updates the former, while the latter continues\nto use the print_line function of the old tracer, which in the script\nabove is print_graph_function_flags.\n\nMoreover, when switching from the \u0027function_graph\u0027 tracer to the\n\u0027timerlat\u0027 tracer, s_start only calls graph_trace_close of the\n\u0027function_graph\u0027 tracer to free \u0027iter-\u003eprivate\u0027, but does not set\nit to NULL. This provides an opportunity for \u0027event-\u003efuncs-\u003etrace()\u0027\nto use an invalid \u0027iter-\u003eprivate\u0027.\n\nTo fix this issue, set \u0027iter-\u003eprivate\u0027 to NULL immediately after\nfreeing it in graph_trace_close(), ensuring that an invalid pointer\nis not passed to other tracers. Additionally, clean up the unnecessary\n\u0027iter-\u003eprivate = NULL\u0027 during each \u0027cat trace\u0027 when using wakeup and\nirqsoff tracers.\n\n [1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20231112150030.84609-1-ryncsn@gmail.com/"
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-23T15:57:42.131Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/42561fe62c3628ea3bc9623f64f047605e98857f"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/de7b309139f862a44379ecd96e93c9133c69f813"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/81a85b12132c8ffe98f5ddbdc185481790aeaa1b"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a2cce54c1748216535dda02e185d07a084be837e"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/099ef3385800828b74933a96c117574637c3fb3a"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c85efe6e13743cac6ba4ccf144cb91f44c86231a"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f14752d66056d0c7bffe5092130409417d3baa70"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/70be951bc01e4a0e10d443f3510bb17426f257fb"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7f81f27b1093e4895e87b74143c59c055c3b1906"
        }
      ],
      "title": "tracing: Fix use-after-free in print_graph_function_flags during tracer switching",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-22035",
    "datePublished": "2025-04-16T14:11:53.958Z",
    "dateReserved": "2024-12-29T08:45:45.809Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-23T15:57:42.131Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}


Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.




Sightings

Author Source Type Date

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or seen somewhere by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability is confirmed from an analyst perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: This vulnerability was exploited and seen by the user reporting the sighting.
  • Patched: This vulnerability was successfully patched by the user reporting the sighting.
  • Not exploited: This vulnerability was not exploited or seen by the user reporting the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expresses doubt about the veracity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: This vulnerability was not successfully patched by the user reporting the sighting.