CVE-2024-56547 (GCVE-0-2024-56547)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2024-12-27 14:11
Modified
2026-05-11 20:54
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
rcu/nocb: Fix missed RCU barrier on deoffloading
Currently, running rcutorture test with torture_type=rcu fwd_progress=8
n_barrier_cbs=8 nocbs_nthreads=8 nocbs_toggle=100 onoff_interval=60
test_boost=2, will trigger the following warning:
WARNING: CPU: 19 PID: 100 at kernel/rcu/tree_nocb.h:1061 rcu_nocb_rdp_deoffload+0x292/0x2a0
RIP: 0010:rcu_nocb_rdp_deoffload+0x292/0x2a0
Call Trace:
<TASK>
? __warn+0x7e/0x120
? rcu_nocb_rdp_deoffload+0x292/0x2a0
? report_bug+0x18e/0x1a0
? handle_bug+0x3d/0x70
? exc_invalid_op+0x18/0x70
? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x1a/0x20
? rcu_nocb_rdp_deoffload+0x292/0x2a0
rcu_nocb_cpu_deoffload+0x70/0xa0
rcu_nocb_toggle+0x136/0x1c0
? __pfx_rcu_nocb_toggle+0x10/0x10
kthread+0xd1/0x100
? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10
ret_from_fork+0x2f/0x50
? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10
ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30
</TASK>
CPU0 CPU2 CPU3
//rcu_nocb_toggle //nocb_cb_wait //rcutorture
// deoffload CPU1 // process CPU1's rdp
rcu_barrier()
rcu_segcblist_entrain()
rcu_segcblist_add_len(1);
// len == 2
// enqueue barrier
// callback to CPU1's
// rdp->cblist
rcu_do_batch()
// invoke CPU1's rdp->cblist
// callback
rcu_barrier_callback()
rcu_barrier()
mutex_lock(&rcu_state.barrier_mutex);
// still see len == 2
// enqueue barrier callback
// to CPU1's rdp->cblist
rcu_segcblist_entrain()
rcu_segcblist_add_len(1);
// len == 3
// decrement len
rcu_segcblist_add_len(-2);
kthread_parkme()
// CPU1's rdp->cblist len == 1
// Warn because there is
// still a pending barrier
// trigger warning
WARN_ON_ONCE(rcu_segcblist_n_cbs(&rdp->cblist));
cpus_read_unlock();
// wait CPU1 to comes online and
// invoke barrier callback on
// CPU1 rdp's->cblist
wait_for_completion(&rcu_state.barrier_completion);
// deoffload CPU4
cpus_read_lock()
rcu_barrier()
mutex_lock(&rcu_state.barrier_mutex);
// block on barrier_mutex
// wait rcu_barrier() on
// CPU3 to unlock barrier_mutex
// but CPU3 unlock barrier_mutex
// need to wait CPU1 comes online
// when CPU1 going online will block on cpus_write_lock
The above scenario will not only trigger a WARN_ON_ONCE(), but also
trigger a deadlock.
Thanks to nocb locking, a second racing rcu_barrier() on an offline CPU
will either observe the decremented callback counter down to 0 and spare
the callback enqueue, or rcuo will observe the new callback and keep
rdp->nocb_cb_sleep to false.
Therefore check rdp->nocb_cb_sleep before parking to make sure no
further rcu_barrier() is waiting on the rdp.
References
Impacted products
{
"containers": {
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"kernel/rcu/tree_nocb.h"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "224b62028959858294789772d372dcb36cf5f820",
"status": "affected",
"version": "1fcb932c8b5ce86219d7dedcd63659351a43291c",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "2996980e20b7a54a1869df15b3445374b850b155",
"status": "affected",
"version": "1fcb932c8b5ce86219d7dedcd63659351a43291c",
"versionType": "git"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"kernel/rcu/tree_nocb.h"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "6.12"
},
{
"lessThan": "6.12",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.12.2",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.13",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.12.2",
"versionStartIncluding": "6.12",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.13",
"versionStartIncluding": "6.12",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nrcu/nocb: Fix missed RCU barrier on deoffloading\n\nCurrently, running rcutorture test with torture_type=rcu fwd_progress=8\nn_barrier_cbs=8 nocbs_nthreads=8 nocbs_toggle=100 onoff_interval=60\ntest_boost=2, will trigger the following warning:\n\n\tWARNING: CPU: 19 PID: 100 at kernel/rcu/tree_nocb.h:1061 rcu_nocb_rdp_deoffload+0x292/0x2a0\n\tRIP: 0010:rcu_nocb_rdp_deoffload+0x292/0x2a0\n\t Call Trace:\n\t \u003cTASK\u003e\n\t ? __warn+0x7e/0x120\n\t ? rcu_nocb_rdp_deoffload+0x292/0x2a0\n\t ? report_bug+0x18e/0x1a0\n\t ? handle_bug+0x3d/0x70\n\t ? exc_invalid_op+0x18/0x70\n\t ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x1a/0x20\n\t ? rcu_nocb_rdp_deoffload+0x292/0x2a0\n\t rcu_nocb_cpu_deoffload+0x70/0xa0\n\t rcu_nocb_toggle+0x136/0x1c0\n\t ? __pfx_rcu_nocb_toggle+0x10/0x10\n\t kthread+0xd1/0x100\n\t ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10\n\t ret_from_fork+0x2f/0x50\n\t ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10\n\t ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30\n\t \u003c/TASK\u003e\n\nCPU0 CPU2 CPU3\n//rcu_nocb_toggle //nocb_cb_wait //rcutorture\n\n// deoffload CPU1 // process CPU1\u0027s rdp\nrcu_barrier()\n rcu_segcblist_entrain()\n rcu_segcblist_add_len(1);\n // len == 2\n // enqueue barrier\n // callback to CPU1\u0027s\n // rdp-\u003ecblist\n rcu_do_batch()\n // invoke CPU1\u0027s rdp-\u003ecblist\n // callback\n rcu_barrier_callback()\n rcu_barrier()\n mutex_lock(\u0026rcu_state.barrier_mutex);\n // still see len == 2\n // enqueue barrier callback\n // to CPU1\u0027s rdp-\u003ecblist\n rcu_segcblist_entrain()\n rcu_segcblist_add_len(1);\n // len == 3\n // decrement len\n rcu_segcblist_add_len(-2);\n kthread_parkme()\n\n// CPU1\u0027s rdp-\u003ecblist len == 1\n// Warn because there is\n// still a pending barrier\n// trigger warning\nWARN_ON_ONCE(rcu_segcblist_n_cbs(\u0026rdp-\u003ecblist));\ncpus_read_unlock();\n\n // wait CPU1 to comes online and\n // invoke barrier callback on\n // CPU1 rdp\u0027s-\u003ecblist\n wait_for_completion(\u0026rcu_state.barrier_completion);\n// deoffload CPU4\ncpus_read_lock()\n rcu_barrier()\n mutex_lock(\u0026rcu_state.barrier_mutex);\n // block on barrier_mutex\n // wait rcu_barrier() on\n // CPU3 to unlock barrier_mutex\n // but CPU3 unlock barrier_mutex\n // need to wait CPU1 comes online\n // when CPU1 going online will block on cpus_write_lock\n\nThe above scenario will not only trigger a WARN_ON_ONCE(), but also\ntrigger a deadlock.\n\nThanks to nocb locking, a second racing rcu_barrier() on an offline CPU\nwill either observe the decremented callback counter down to 0 and spare\nthe callback enqueue, or rcuo will observe the new callback and keep\nrdp-\u003enocb_cb_sleep to false.\n\nTherefore check rdp-\u003enocb_cb_sleep before parking to make sure no\nfurther rcu_barrier() is waiting on the rdp."
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T20:54:27.563Z",
"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"shortName": "Linux"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/224b62028959858294789772d372dcb36cf5f820"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2996980e20b7a54a1869df15b3445374b850b155"
}
],
"title": "rcu/nocb: Fix missed RCU barrier on deoffloading",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"assignerShortName": "Linux",
"cveId": "CVE-2024-56547",
"datePublished": "2024-12-27T14:11:28.548Z",
"dateReserved": "2024-12-27T14:03:05.989Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T20:54:27.563Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
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Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or seen somewhere by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability is confirmed from an analyst perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: This vulnerability was exploited and seen by the user reporting the sighting.
- Patched: This vulnerability was successfully patched by the user reporting the sighting.
- Not exploited: This vulnerability was not exploited or seen by the user reporting the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expresses doubt about the veracity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: This vulnerability was not successfully patched by the user reporting the sighting.
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