CVE-2024-36286 (GCVE-0-2024-36286)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2024-06-21 10:18
Modified
2026-08-05 11:31
Severity ?
7.8 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nfnetlink_queue: acquire rcu_read_lock() in instance_destroy_rcu() syzbot reported that nf_reinject() could be called without rcu_read_lock() : WARNING: suspicious RCU usage 6.9.0-rc7-syzkaller-02060-g5c1672705a1a #0 Not tainted net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:263 suspicious rcu_dereference_check() usage! other info that might help us debug this: rcu_scheduler_active = 2, debug_locks = 1 2 locks held by syz-executor.4/13427: #0: ffffffff8e334f60 (rcu_callback){....}-{0:0}, at: rcu_lock_acquire include/linux/rcupdate.h:329 [inline] #0: ffffffff8e334f60 (rcu_callback){....}-{0:0}, at: rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2190 [inline] #0: ffffffff8e334f60 (rcu_callback){....}-{0:0}, at: rcu_core+0xa86/0x1830 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2471 #1: ffff88801ca92958 (&inst->lock){+.-.}-{2:2}, at: spin_lock_bh include/linux/spinlock.h:356 [inline] #1: ffff88801ca92958 (&inst->lock){+.-.}-{2:2}, at: nfqnl_flush net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:405 [inline] #1: ffff88801ca92958 (&inst->lock){+.-.}-{2:2}, at: instance_destroy_rcu+0x30/0x220 net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:172 stack backtrace: CPU: 0 PID: 13427 Comm: syz-executor.4 Not tainted 6.9.0-rc7-syzkaller-02060-g5c1672705a1a #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 04/02/2024 Call Trace: <IRQ> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x241/0x360 lib/dump_stack.c:114 lockdep_rcu_suspicious+0x221/0x340 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:6712 nf_reinject net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:323 [inline] nfqnl_reinject+0x6ec/0x1120 net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:397 nfqnl_flush net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:410 [inline] instance_destroy_rcu+0x1ae/0x220 net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:172 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2196 [inline] rcu_core+0xafd/0x1830 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2471 handle_softirqs+0x2d6/0x990 kernel/softirq.c:554 __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:588 [inline] invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:428 [inline] __irq_exit_rcu+0xf4/0x1c0 kernel/softirq.c:637 irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x30 kernel/softirq.c:649 instr_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1043 [inline] sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xa6/0xc0 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1043 </IRQ> <TASK>
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Version: 9872bec773c2e8503fec480c1e8a0c732517e257
Version: 9872bec773c2e8503fec480c1e8a0c732517e257
Version: 9872bec773c2e8503fec480c1e8a0c732517e257
Version: 9872bec773c2e8503fec480c1e8a0c732517e257
Version: 9872bec773c2e8503fec480c1e8a0c732517e257
Version: 9872bec773c2e8503fec480c1e8a0c732517e257
Version: 9872bec773c2e8503fec480c1e8a0c732517e257
Version: 9872bec773c2e8503fec480c1e8a0c732517e257
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          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: nfnetlink_queue: acquire rcu_read_lock() in instance_destroy_rcu()\n\nsyzbot reported that nf_reinject() could be called without rcu_read_lock() :\n\nWARNING: suspicious RCU usage\n6.9.0-rc7-syzkaller-02060-g5c1672705a1a #0 Not tainted\n\nnet/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:263 suspicious rcu_dereference_check() usage!\n\nother info that might help us debug this:\n\nrcu_scheduler_active = 2, debug_locks = 1\n2 locks held by syz-executor.4/13427:\n  #0: ffffffff8e334f60 (rcu_callback){....}-{0:0}, at: rcu_lock_acquire include/linux/rcupdate.h:329 [inline]\n  #0: ffffffff8e334f60 (rcu_callback){....}-{0:0}, at: rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2190 [inline]\n  #0: ffffffff8e334f60 (rcu_callback){....}-{0:0}, at: rcu_core+0xa86/0x1830 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2471\n  #1: ffff88801ca92958 (\u0026inst-\u003elock){+.-.}-{2:2}, at: spin_lock_bh include/linux/spinlock.h:356 [inline]\n  #1: ffff88801ca92958 (\u0026inst-\u003elock){+.-.}-{2:2}, at: nfqnl_flush net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:405 [inline]\n  #1: ffff88801ca92958 (\u0026inst-\u003elock){+.-.}-{2:2}, at: instance_destroy_rcu+0x30/0x220 net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:172\n\nstack backtrace:\nCPU: 0 PID: 13427 Comm: syz-executor.4 Not tainted 6.9.0-rc7-syzkaller-02060-g5c1672705a1a #0\nHardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 04/02/2024\nCall Trace:\n \u003cIRQ\u003e\n  __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline]\n  dump_stack_lvl+0x241/0x360 lib/dump_stack.c:114\n  lockdep_rcu_suspicious+0x221/0x340 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:6712\n  nf_reinject net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:323 [inline]\n  nfqnl_reinject+0x6ec/0x1120 net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:397\n  nfqnl_flush net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:410 [inline]\n  instance_destroy_rcu+0x1ae/0x220 net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:172\n  rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2196 [inline]\n  rcu_core+0xafd/0x1830 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2471\n  handle_softirqs+0x2d6/0x990 kernel/softirq.c:554\n  __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:588 [inline]\n  invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:428 [inline]\n  __irq_exit_rcu+0xf4/0x1c0 kernel/softirq.c:637\n  irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x30 kernel/softirq.c:649\n  instr_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1043 [inline]\n  sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xa6/0xc0 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1043\n \u003c/IRQ\u003e\n \u003cTASK\u003e"
        }
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            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
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            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The trigger is a local `NETLINK_NETFILTER` socket operation \u2014 an `NFQNL_CFG_CMD_UNBIND` message or simply closing the nfnetlink socket (`NETLINK_URELEASE` notifier) \u2014 which schedules the `instance_destroy_rcu()` callback. Although the queued entries originate from network packets, the vulnerable code path is entered only through a local netlink syscall.\nAC:L - The attacker deterministically controls both preconditions: they populate `queue_list` by binding an NFQUEUE and never issuing verdicts on their own self-generated traffic, then trigger the flush by closing the socket or sending UNBIND. No race must be won and no uncontrollable state is required \u2014 the RCU callback always executes `nfqnl_flush()` on a non-empty queue.\nPR:L - `nfnetlink_rcv()` gates on `netlink_net_capable(skb, CAP_NET_ADMIN)`, which resolves to `ns_capable()` against the netns\u0027s user_ns, so an unprivileged user obtains it via `unshare -Urn`; nftables/iptables NFQUEUE targets and loopback traffic are fully functional inside that namespace. No real root in the initial namespace is needed.\nUI:N - The attacker performs every step themselves \u2014 creating the namespace, binding the queue, generating the packets, and destroying the instance. No victim action or cooperation is involved.\nS:U - The unprotected dereference and its consequences are confined to the kernel\u0027s own security authority; there is no crossing of a VM, hypervisor, or IOMMU boundary. This is a standard in-kernel memory-safety issue.\nC:H - `nf_reinject()` performs `rcu_dereference()` on `net-\u003enf.hooks_*[hooknum]` with no RCU read-side protection, and `nf_hook_entries` objects are reclaimed via `call_rcu(\u0026head-\u003ehead, __nf_hook_entries_free)` \u2014 so the read can land on freed memory that an attacker can groom via heap spraying, disclosing kernel data and pointers through the subsequently read `num_hook_entries` and `hooks[]` array.\nI:H - A use-after-free of `struct nf_hook_entries` exposes an array of hook function pointers that `nf_reinject()` indexes as `\u0026hooks-\u003ehooks[i]` and invokes via `nf_hook_entry_hookfn()`/`nf_iterate()` on the REPEAT/ACCEPT paths, giving a realloc-and-control primitive suitable for control-flow hijack and privilege escalation.\nA:H - The reproducible syzbot outcome is a `WARNING: suspicious RCU usage` lockdep splat from softirq context, which panics outright on the many production and hardened deployments booted with `panic_on_warn=1`; a real hook-table use-after-free additionally causes oops or panic. Either way the result is a full kernel-level denial of service."
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dc21c6cc3d6986d938efbf95de62473982c98dec"
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      ],
      "title": "netfilter: nfnetlink_queue: acquire rcu_read_lock() in instance_destroy_rcu()",
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    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2024-36286",
    "datePublished": "2024-06-21T10:18:08.364Z",
    "dateReserved": "2024-06-21T10:13:16.315Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:31:43.632Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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Although the queued entries originate from network packets, the vulnerable code path is entered only through a local netlink syscall.\\nAC:L - The attacker deterministically controls both preconditions: they populate `queue_list` by binding an NFQUEUE and never issuing verdicts on their own self-generated traffic, then trigger the flush by closing the socket or sending UNBIND. No race must be won and no uncontrollable state is required \\u2014 the RCU callback always executes `nfqnl_flush()` on a non-empty queue.\\nPR:L - `nfnetlink_rcv()` gates on `netlink_net_capable(skb, CAP_NET_ADMIN)`, which resolves to `ns_capable()` against the netns\u0027s user_ns, so an unprivileged user obtains it via `unshare -Urn`; nftables/iptables NFQUEUE targets and loopback traffic are fully functional inside that namespace. No real root in the initial namespace is needed.\\nUI:N - The attacker performs every step themselves \\u2014 creating the namespace, binding the queue, generating the packets, and destroying the instance. No victim action or cooperation is involved.\\nS:U - The unprotected dereference and its consequences are confined to the kernel\u0027s own security authority; there is no crossing of a VM, hypervisor, or IOMMU boundary. This is a standard in-kernel memory-safety issue.\\nC:H - `nf_reinject()` performs `rcu_dereference()` on `net-\u003enf.hooks_*[hooknum]` with no RCU read-side protection, and `nf_hook_entries` objects are reclaimed via `call_rcu(\u0026head-\u003ehead, __nf_hook_entries_free)` \\u2014 so the read can land on freed memory that an attacker can groom via heap spraying, disclosing kernel data and pointers through the subsequently read `num_hook_entries` and `hooks[]` array.\\nI:H - A use-after-free of `struct nf_hook_entries` exposes an array of hook function pointers that `nf_reinject()` indexes as `\u0026hooks-\u003ehooks[i]` and invokes via `nf_hook_entry_hookfn()`/`nf_iterate()` on the REPEAT/ACCEPT paths, giving a realloc-and-control primitive suitable for control-flow hijack and privilege escalation.\\nA:H - The reproducible syzbot outcome is a `WARNING: suspicious RCU usage` lockdep splat from softirq context, which panics outright on the many production and hardened deployments booted with `panic_on_warn=1`; a real hook-table use-after-free additionally causes oops or panic. 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resolved:\\n\\nnetfilter: nfnetlink_queue: acquire rcu_read_lock() in instance_destroy_rcu()\\n\\nsyzbot reported that nf_reinject() could be called without rcu_read_lock() :\\n\\nWARNING: suspicious RCU usage\\n6.9.0-rc7-syzkaller-02060-g5c1672705a1a #0 Not tainted\\n\\nnet/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:263 suspicious rcu_dereference_check() usage!\\n\\nother info that might help us debug this:\\n\\nrcu_scheduler_active = 2, debug_locks = 1\\n2 locks held by syz-executor.4/13427:\\n  #0: ffffffff8e334f60 (rcu_callback){....}-{0:0}, at: rcu_lock_acquire include/linux/rcupdate.h:329 [inline]\\n  #0: ffffffff8e334f60 (rcu_callback){....}-{0:0}, at: rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2190 [inline]\\n  #0: ffffffff8e334f60 (rcu_callback){....}-{0:0}, at: rcu_core+0xa86/0x1830 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2471\\n  #1: ffff88801ca92958 (\u0026inst-\u003elock){+.-.}-{2:2}, at: spin_lock_bh include/linux/spinlock.h:356 [inline]\\n  #1: ffff88801ca92958 (\u0026inst-\u003elock){+.-.}-{2:2}, at: nfqnl_flush net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:405 [inline]\\n  #1: ffff88801ca92958 (\u0026inst-\u003elock){+.-.}-{2:2}, at: instance_destroy_rcu+0x30/0x220 net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:172\\n\\nstack backtrace:\\nCPU: 0 PID: 13427 Comm: syz-executor.4 Not tainted 6.9.0-rc7-syzkaller-02060-g5c1672705a1a #0\\nHardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 04/02/2024\\nCall Trace:\\n \u003cIRQ\u003e\\n  __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline]\\n  dump_stack_lvl+0x241/0x360 lib/dump_stack.c:114\\n  lockdep_rcu_suspicious+0x221/0x340 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:6712\\n  nf_reinject net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:323 [inline]\\n  nfqnl_reinject+0x6ec/0x1120 net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:397\\n  nfqnl_flush net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:410 [inline]\\n  instance_destroy_rcu+0x1ae/0x220 net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:172\\n  rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2196 [inline]\\n  rcu_core+0xafd/0x1830 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2471\\n  handle_softirqs+0x2d6/0x990 kernel/softirq.c:554\\n  __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:588 [inline]\\n  invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:428 [inline]\\n  __irq_exit_rcu+0xf4/0x1c0 kernel/softirq.c:637\\n  irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x30 kernel/softirq.c:649\\n  instr_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1043 [inline]\\n  sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xa6/0xc0 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1043\\n \u003c/IRQ\u003e\\n \u003cTASK\u003e\"}], \"cpeApplicability\": [{\"nodes\": [{\"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"4.19.316\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"2.6.25\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.4.278\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"2.6.25\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.10.219\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"2.6.25\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"5.15.161\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"2.6.25\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.1.93\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"2.6.25\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.6.33\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"2.6.25\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.9.4\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"2.6.25\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.10\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"2.6.25\"}], \"operator\": \"OR\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"shortName\": \"Linux\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-05T11:31:43.632Z\"}}}",
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}


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