CVE-2023-28904 (GCVE-0-2023-28904)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-28 15:37 – Updated: 2025-06-30 19:20
VLAI
Title
Bypass of secure boot process
Summary
A logic flaw leading to a RAM buffer overflow in the bootloader component of the MIB3 infotainment unit allows an attacker with physical access to the MIB3 ECU to bypass firmware signature verification and run arbitrary code in the infotainment system at boot process.
Severity
5.2 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-06-30 19:14 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-120 - Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')
Assigner
ASRG CNA
References
Impacted products
Credits
Danila Parnishchev from PCA Cyber Security (PCAutomotive) Polina Smirnova from PCA Cyber Security (PCAutomotive)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2023-28904",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-06-30T19:14:28.453617Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-06-30T19:20:40.496Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "exploit"
            ],
            "url": "https://i.blackhat.com/EU-24/Presentations/EU-24-Parnishchev-OverTheAirVW.pdf"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Volkswagen MIB3 infotainment system MIB3 OI MQB",
          "vendor": "Preh Car Connect GmbH (JOYNEXT GmbH)",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "0304",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Danila Parnishchev from PCA Cyber Security (PCAutomotive)"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Polina Smirnova from PCA Cyber Security (PCAutomotive)"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "A logic flaw leading to a RAM buffer overflow in the bootloader component of the MIB3 infotainment unit allows an attacker with physical access to the MIB3 ECU to bypass firmware signature verification and run arbitrary code in the infotainment system at boot process."
            }
          ],
          "value": "A logic flaw leading to a RAM buffer overflow in the bootloader component of the MIB3 infotainment unit allows an attacker with physical access to the MIB3 ECU to bypass firmware signature verification and run arbitrary code in the infotainment system at boot process."
        }
      ],
      "impacts": [
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-100",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CAPEC-100 Overflow Buffers"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "PHYSICAL",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 5.2,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-120",
              "description": "CWE-120 Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input (\u0027Classic Buffer Overflow\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-06-28T15:37:35.093Z",
        "orgId": "c15abc07-96a9-4d11-a503-5d621bfe42ba",
        "shortName": "ASRG"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://i.blackhat.com/EU-24/Presentations/EU-24-Parnishchev-OverTheAirVW.pdf"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://pcacybersecurity.com/resources/advisory/vulnerabilities-in-vw-mib3-infotainment-2"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://asrg.io/security-advisories/vulnerabilities-in-volkswagen-mib3-infotainment-part-2/"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      },
      "title": "Bypass of secure boot process",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 0.1.0-dev"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "c15abc07-96a9-4d11-a503-5d621bfe42ba",
    "assignerShortName": "ASRG",
    "cveId": "CVE-2023-28904",
    "datePublished": "2025-06-28T15:37:35.093Z",
    "dateReserved": "2023-03-27T14:51:16.417Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-06-30T19:20:40.496Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": {
        "adp": [
          {
            "metrics": [
              {
                "other": {
                  "content": {
                    "id": "CVE-2023-28904",
                    "options": [
                      {
                        "Exploitation": "poc"
                      },
                      {
                        "Automatable": "no"
                      },
                      {
                        "Technical Impact": "partial"
                      }
                    ],
                    "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                    "timestamp": "2025-06-30T19:14:28.453617Z",
                    "version": "2.0.3"
                  },
                  "type": "ssvc"
                }
              }
            ],
            "providerMetadata": {
              "dateUpdated": "2025-06-30T19:19:23.569Z",
              "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
            },
            "references": [
              {
                "tags": [
                  "exploit"
                ],
                "url": "https://i.blackhat.com/EU-24/Presentations/EU-24-Parnishchev-OverTheAirVW.pdf"
              }
            ],
            "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
          }
        ],
        "cna": {
          "affected": [
            {
              "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
              "product": "Volkswagen MIB3 infotainment system MIB3 OI MQB",
              "vendor": "Preh Car Connect GmbH (JOYNEXT GmbH)",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "0304",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "0",
                  "versionType": "custom"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "credits": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "finder",
              "value": "Danila Parnishchev from PCA Cyber Security (PCAutomotive)"
            },
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "finder",
              "value": "Polina Smirnova from PCA Cyber Security (PCAutomotive)"
            }
          ],
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "supportingMedia": [
                {
                  "base64": false,
                  "type": "text/html",
                  "value": "A logic flaw leading to a RAM buffer overflow in the bootloader component of the MIB3 infotainment unit allows an attacker with physical access to the MIB3 ECU to bypass firmware signature verification and run arbitrary code in the infotainment system at boot process."
                }
              ],
              "value": "A logic flaw leading to a RAM buffer overflow in the bootloader component of the MIB3 infotainment unit allows an attacker with physical access to the MIB3 ECU to bypass firmware signature verification and run arbitrary code in the infotainment system at boot process."
            }
          ],
          "impacts": [
            {
              "capecId": "CAPEC-100",
              "descriptions": [
                {
                  "lang": "en",
                  "value": "CAPEC-100 Overflow Buffers"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "metrics": [
            {
              "cvssV3_1": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "PHYSICAL",
                "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "baseScore": 5.2,
                "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
                "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "format": "CVSS",
              "scenarios": [
                {
                  "lang": "en",
                  "value": "GENERAL"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "problemTypes": [
            {
              "descriptions": [
                {
                  "cweId": "CWE-120",
                  "description": "CWE-120 Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input (\u0027Classic Buffer Overflow\u0027)",
                  "lang": "en",
                  "type": "CWE"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "providerMetadata": {
            "dateUpdated": "2025-06-28T15:37:35.093Z",
            "orgId": "c15abc07-96a9-4d11-a503-5d621bfe42ba",
            "shortName": "ASRG"
          },
          "references": [
            {
              "url": "https://i.blackhat.com/EU-24/Presentations/EU-24-Parnishchev-OverTheAirVW.pdf"
            },
            {
              "tags": [
                "technical-description"
              ],
              "url": "https://pcacybersecurity.com/resources/advisory/vulnerabilities-in-vw-mib3-infotainment-2"
            },
            {
              "tags": [
                "third-party-advisory"
              ],
              "url": "https://asrg.io/security-advisories/vulnerabilities-in-volkswagen-mib3-infotainment-part-2/"
            }
          ],
          "source": {
            "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
          },
          "title": "Bypass of secure boot process",
          "x_generator": {
            "engine": "Vulnogram 0.1.0-dev"
          }
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "c15abc07-96a9-4d11-a503-5d621bfe42ba",
        "assignerShortName": "ASRG",
        "cveId": "CVE-2023-28904",
        "datePublished": "2025-06-28T15:37:35.093Z",
        "dateReserved": "2023-03-27T14:51:16.417Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2025-06-30T19:20:40.496Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.1"
    }
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.




Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.

Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

JSON

Loading timeline…




    Related by attack behaviour

    Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.