Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-94
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
3765 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-21853 (GCVE-0-2026-21853)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-02 18:55 – Updated: 2026-03-02 19:19
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
AFFiNE: One-click Remote Code Execution through Custom URL Handling
Summary
AFFiNE is an open-source, all-in-one workspace and an operating system. Prior to version 0.25.4, there is a one-click remote code execution vulnerability. This vulnerability can be exploited by embedding a specially crafted affine: URL on a website. An attacker can trigger the vulnerability in two common scenarios: 1/ A victim visits a malicious website controlled by the attacker and the website redirect to the URL automatically, or 2/ A victim clicks on a crafted link embedded on a legitimate website (e.g., in user-generated content). In both cases, the browser invokes AFFiNE custom URL handler, which launches the AFFiNE app and processes the crafted URL. This results in arbitrary code execution on the victim’s machine, without further interaction. This issue has been patched in version 0.25.4.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-03-02 19:18 UTC
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/toeverything/AFFiNE/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/toeverything/AFFiNE/pull/13864 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/toeverything/AFFiNE/commit/c9a… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| toeverything | AFFiNE |
Affected:
< 0.25.4
|
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CVE-2026-21658 (GCVE-0-2026-21658)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-27 08:59 – Updated: 2026-02-27 13:07
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Johnson Controls -Frick Quantum HD- Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution
Summary
Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution i.e Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in Johnson Controls Frick Controls Quantum HD allows Code Injection. Insufficient validation of input in certain parameters may permit unexpected actions, which could impact the security of the device before authentication occurs.This issue affects Frick Controls Quantum HD version 10.22 and prior.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-02-27 13:03 UTC
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
jci
CNA
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Johnson Controls | Frick Controls Quantum HD |
Affected:
Frick Controls Quantum HD version 10.22 and prior
|
Date Public
2026-02-26 08:58
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CVE-2026-21657 (GCVE-0-2026-21657)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-27 08:54 – Updated: 2026-03-06 18:41
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Johnson Controls -Frick Quantum HD- Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution
Summary
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in Johnson Controls Frick Controls Quantum HD allows Code Injection. Insufficient validation of input in certain parameters may permit unexpected actions, which could impact the security of the device before authentication occurs.This issue affects Frick Controls Quantum HD version 10.22 and prior.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-02-27 16:32 UTC
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
jci
CNA
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Johnson Controls | Frick Controls Quantum HD |
Affected:
Frick Controls Quantum HD version 10.22 and prior
|
Date Public
2026-02-26 08:48
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CVE-2026-21656 (GCVE-0-2026-21656)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-27 08:47 – Updated: 2026-03-06 18:42
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Johnson Controls -Frick Quantum HD- Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution
Summary
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in Johnson Controls Frick Controls Quantum HD allows Code Injection. Insufficient validation of input in certain parameters may permit unexpected actions, which could impact the security of the device before authentication occurs.This issue affects Frick Controls Quantum HD version 10.22 and prior.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-02-27 16:35 UTC
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
jci
CNA
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Johnson Controls | Frick Controls Quantum HD |
Affected:
Frick Controls Quantum HD version 10.22 and prior
|
Date Public
2026-02-26 08:40
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CVE-2026-21537 (GCVE-0-2026-21537)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-10 17:51 – Updated: 2026-08-19 16:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Microsoft Defender for Endpoint Linux Extension Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Improper control of generation of code ('code injection') in Microsoft Defender for Linux allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over an adjacent network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-02-11 04:55 UTC
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
microsoft
CNA
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Defender for Endpoint for Linux |
Affected:
101.0.0 , < 1.0.9.0
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:defender_for_endpoint:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2026-02-10 16:00
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CVE-2026-21256 (GCVE-0-2026-21256)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-10 17:51 – Updated: 2026-08-19 16:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
GitHub Copilot and Visual Studio Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in GitHub Copilot and Visual Studio allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-02-11 04:56 UTC
CWE
Assigner
microsoft
CNA
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.14 |
Affected:
17.14.0 , < 17.14.26
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Visual Studio 2026 version 18.3 |
Affected:
18.3.0 , < 18.3.0
(custom)
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Date Public
2026-02-10 16:00
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CVE-2026-20892 (GCVE-0-2026-20892)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-11 05:25 – Updated: 2026-03-11 15:39
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Code injection vulnerability exists in MR-GM5L-S1 and MR-GM5A-L1, which may allow an attacker with administrative privileges to execute arbitrary commands.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-03-11 15:37 UTC
CWE
- CWE-94 - Code injection
Assigner
jpcert
CNA
References
2 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Micro Research Ltd. | MR-GM5L-S1 |
Affected:
firmware versions prior to v2.01.04N1_02
|
|
| Micro Research Ltd. | MR-GM5A-L1 |
Affected:
firmware versions prior to v2.01.04N1_02
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CVE-2026-20045 (GCVE-0-2026-20045)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-21 16:26 – Updated: 2026-02-26 14:44
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cisco Unified Communications Products Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in Cisco Unified Communications Manager (Unified CM), Cisco Unified Communications Manager Session Management Edition (Unified CM SME), Cisco Unified Communications Manager IM & Presence Service (Unified CM IM&P), Cisco Unity Connection, and Cisco Webex Calling Dedicated Instance could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system of an affected device.
This vulnerability is due to improper validation of user-supplied input in HTTP requests. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a sequence of crafted HTTP requests to the web-based management interface of an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to obtain user-level access to the underlying operating system and then elevate privileges to root.
Note: Cisco has assigned this security advisory a Security Impact Rating (SIR) of Critical rather than High as the score indicates. The reason is that exploitation of this vulnerability could result in an attacker elevating privileges to root.
Severity
8.2 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: active
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-01-22 04:55 UTC
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
cisco
CNA
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/c… | |
| https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilit… | government-resource |
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco Unified Communications Manager |
Affected:
12.5(1)SU2
Affected: 12.5(1)SU1 Affected: 12.5(1) Affected: 12.5(1)SU3 Affected: 12.5(1)SU4 Affected: 14 Affected: 12.5(1)SU5 Affected: 14SU1 Affected: 12.5(1)SU6 Affected: 14SU2 Affected: 12.5(1)SU7 Affected: 12.5(1)SU7a Affected: 14SU3 Affected: 12.5(1)SU8 Affected: 12.5(1)SU8a Affected: 15 Affected: 15SU1 Affected: 14SU4 Affected: 14SU4a Affected: 15SU1a Affected: 12.5(1)SU9 Affected: 15SU2 Affected: 15.0.1.13010-1 Affected: 15.0.1.13011-1 Affected: 15.0.1.13012-1 Affected: 15.0.1.13013-1 Affected: 15.0.1.13014-1 Affected: 15.0.1.13015-1 Affected: 15.0.1.13016-1 Affected: 15.0.1.13017-1 Affected: 15SU3a |
|
| Cisco | Cisco Unified Communications Manager IM and Presence Service |
Affected:
12.5(1)
Affected: 12.5(1)SU1 Affected: 12.5(1)SU2 Affected: 12.5(1)SU3 Affected: 12.5(1)SU4 Affected: 14 Affected: 12.5(1)SU5 Affected: 14SU1 Affected: 12.5(1)SU6 Affected: 14SU2 Affected: 14SU2a Affected: 12.5(1)SU7 Affected: 14SU3 Affected: 12.5(1)SU8 Affected: 15 Affected: 15SU1 Affected: 14SU4 Affected: 12.5(1)SU9 Affected: 15SU2 Affected: 15SU3 |
|
| Cisco | Cisco Unity Connection |
Affected:
12.5(1)
Affected: 12.5(1)SU1 Affected: 12.5(1)SU2 Affected: 12.5(1)SU3 Affected: 12.5(1)SU4 Affected: 14 Affected: 12.5(1)SU5 Affected: 14SU1 Affected: 12.5(1)SU6 Affected: 14SU2 Affected: 12.5(1)SU7 Affected: 14SU3 Affected: 12.5(1)SU8 Affected: 14SU3a Affected: 12.5(1)SU8a Affected: 15 Affected: 15SU1 Affected: 14SU4 Affected: 12.5(1)SU9 Affected: 15SU2 Affected: 15SU3 |
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CVE-2026-19998 (GCVE-0-2026-19998)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-17 07:15 – Updated: 2026-08-18 13:37 X_Freeware
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
code-projects Online Shopping System offersmail.php cross site scripting
Summary
A weakness has been identified in code-projects Online Shopping System 1.0. Impacted is an unknown function of the file offersmail.php. Executing a manipulation of the argument email can lead to cross site scripting. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-18 13:30 UTC
Assigner
VulDB
CNA
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/391199 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/391199/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-19998 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/871816 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/zzzxc643/CVE1/blob/main/online… | exploit |
| https://code-projects.org/ | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| code-projects | Online Shopping System |
Affected:
1.0
cpe:2.3:a:code-projects:online_shopping_system:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-19995 (GCVE-0-2026-19995)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-17 06:30 – Updated: 2026-08-17 15:24
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Webkul Bagisto RMA Message send-message cross site scripting
Summary
A vulnerability was determined in Webkul Bagisto up to 2.4.4. This affects an unknown part of the file /customer/account/rma/send-message of the component RMA Message Handler. This manipulation of the argument Message causes cross site scripting. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. The vendor confirms: "The reported issues were already identified through our internal security assessment process prior to this notification and are being handled through our established internal security and development lifecycle. Some of these items have already been addressed, while the remaining items are planned for resolution in upcoming product releases."
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-17 15:22 UTC
Assigner
VulDB
CNA
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/391196 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/391196/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-19995 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/870356 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/Mitchell45/PHP_Web_POCs/blob/m… | exploit |
Impacted products
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"time": "2026-08-16T00:00:00.000Z",
"value": "Advisory disclosed"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-08-16T02:00:00.000Z",
"value": "VulDB entry created"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-08-16T20:10:40.000Z",
"value": "VulDB entry last update"
}
],
"title": "Webkul Bagisto RMA Message send-message cross site scripting",
"x_generator": [
"VulDB PVTS v202608"
]
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
"assignerShortName": "VulDB",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-19995",
"datePublished": "2026-08-17T06:30:08.488Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-08-16T18:05:16.906Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-17T15:24:13.047Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Refactoring
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Testing
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation MIT-32
Operation
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation MIT-32
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation
Implementation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection
An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.