Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-367
AllowedTime-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product checks the state of a resource before using that resource, but the resource's state can change between the check and the use in a way that invalidates the results of the check.
626 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-91813 (GCVE-0-2026-91813)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-23 07:49 – Updated: 2026-09-23 14:39
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Foxit PDF Editor/Reader FoxitUpdater Race Condition Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in Foxit PDF Editor/Reader’s update mechanism allows an update package to be replaced between download and high-privilege extraction due to insufficient file locking and integrity validation. This could enable local attackers to execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-23 14:37 UTC
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
Foxit
CNA
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Foxit Software Inc. | Foxit PDF Editor |
Affected:
Versions 2026.2 and earlier
Affected: Versions 14.0.7 and earlier Affected: Versions 13.2.6 and earlier |
|
| Foxit Software Inc. | Foxit PDF Reader |
Affected:
Versions 2026.2 and earlier
|
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CVE-2026-89430 (GCVE-0-2026-89430)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-06 19:23 – Updated: 2026-10-07 20:16
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Gitea push mirror SSRF and forced writes to internal Git hosts
Summary
Gitea validated a push mirror's remote address against the `[migrations]` allow and block lists only when the mirror was created. Each synchronization passed the stored address directly to `git push`, so a name that later resolved to a blocked or internal address was still reached. A user with administrator access to a repository, which includes repositories they create themselves, could aim push mirror synchronization at internal Git services and force-push the repository's contents to them.
Severity
8.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-07 20:15 UTC
CWE
Assigner
Gitea
CNA
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/security/adviso… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/39010 | patch |
| https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/39426 | patch |
| https://blog.gitea.com/release-of-28.0.0/ | release-notes |
| https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/releases/tag/v28.0.0 | release-notes |
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CVE-2026-88968 (GCVE-0-2026-88968)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-03 20:08 – Updated: 2026-11-03 21:29
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Claude Code: TOCTOU Race in Edit Tool Allows File Writes Outside the Workspace
Summary
Claude Code is an agentic coding tool. Prior to 2.1.251, the Edit tool validates a target using pathname and symlink resolution that is not bound to the underlying directory inode or file descriptor. On macOS, attacker-controlled code running in the Bash sandbox can atomically replace an in-workspace parent directory with a symlink after validation, causing the unsandboxed Edit implementation to overwrite a user-writable file outside the workspace. Exploitation requires attacker-controlled code to run inside the sandbox, such as from a malicious repository or dependency script. This issue is fixed in version 2.1.251.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-03 21:29 UTC
CWE
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/anthropics/claude-code/securit… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/anthropics/claude-code/release… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| anthropics | claude-code |
Affected:
< 2.1.251
|
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CVE-2026-88924 (GCVE-0-2026-88924)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-10 14:32 – Updated: 2026-11-04 23:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Gvfs: gvfs-admin socket ownership race permits local root
Summary
A flaw was found in the admin backend of gvfs. The privileged gvfsd-admin daemon changes the ownership of newly created private D-Bus sockets by calling the link-following chown() function on a pathname inside a user-controlled directory. A local attacker can exploit this via a Time-of-Check Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) race condition and exchange the socket pathname with a symbolic link pointing to an arbitrary root-owned file (such as /etc/pam.d/su). The daemon subsequently follows the symlink and changes the ownership of the targeted root-owned file to the attacker's user ID. This allows an authenticated local attacker to modify critical system files, leading to a full local privilege escalation to root.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-10 17:32 UTC
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
redhat
CNA
References
9 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:73998 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:74370 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:85939 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:85941 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:85942 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:85944 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-88924 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2531456 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gvfs/-/issues/875 |
Impacted products
10 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| GNOME | gvfs |
Affected:
1.48.1 , < 1.62.0
(semver)
Affected: 1.48.1 , < 1.60.3 (semver) Affected: 1.48.1 , < 1.58.5 (semver) |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
Unaffected:
0:1.54.4-4.el10_2.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.0 Extended Update Support |
Unaffected:
0:1.54.4-2.el10_0.2 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux_eus:10.0 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
Unaffected:
0:1.48.1-8.el9_8.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::crb |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions |
Unaffected:
0:1.48.1-4.el9_2.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.2::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Update Services for SAP Solutions |
Unaffected:
0:1.48.1-4.el9_4.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.4::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.6 Extended Update Support |
Unaffected:
0:1.48.1-6.el9_6.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:9.6::appstream cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:9.6::crb |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 |
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_els:6
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_els:7
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:8
|
Date Public
2026-09-09 00:00
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CVE-2026-88173 (GCVE-0-2026-88173)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-13 19:00 – Updated: 2026-10-31 18:05
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Windows Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Use after free in Windows Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-13 19:52 UTC
Assigner
microsoft
CNA
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
13 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9612
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9376
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.26434
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.26434
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.23470
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.23470
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9612
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9612
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9376
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9376
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.5761
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.33650
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.33650
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-10-13 14:00
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CVE-2026-87996 (GCVE-0-2026-87996)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-09 21:28 – Updated: 2026-09-10 13:48
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Open WebUI: SSRF into internal services via DNS rebinding in the Playwright web loader
Summary
Open WebUI is an extensible, feature-rich, and user-friendly self-hosted AI platform. From 0.9.6 until 0.11.1, SafePlaywrightURLLoader in backend/open_webui/retrieval/web/utils.py validated a user-controlled hostname in Python and then let the Playwright browser resolve it again in the sync and async request interceptors. An authenticated user controlling authoritative DNS could return a public address to validation and an internal address to the browser, exposing responses from internal services or cloud metadata through web search or URL ingestion. This issue is fixed in version 0.11.1.
Severity
7.7 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-10 13:48 UTC
CWE
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui/pull/28634 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui/commit/2… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui/releases… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| open-webui | open-webui |
Affected:
>= 0.9.6, < 0.11.1
|
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CVE-2026-87038 (GCVE-0-2026-87038)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-04 06:09 – Updated: 2026-11-09 21:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Time-of-check/time-of-use double fetch in the Zephyr i3c_transfer() syscall handler allows kernel-mode control-flow hijack from user mode
Summary
The user-mode verification handler for the i3c_transfer() system call, z_vrfy_i3c_transfer() in drivers/i3c/i3c_handlers.c, validated the caller-supplied struct i3c_device_desc in place instead of snapshotting it. It confirmed only that the descriptor was readable by the calling thread (K_SYSCALL_MEMORY_READ()), read target->bus once to check it with K_SYSCALL_OBJ(), and then passed the caller's live pointer down. The implementation z_impl_i3c_transfer() re-reads target->bus from that user memory and dispatches through it as DEVICE_API_GET(i3c, target->bus)->i3c_xfers(...), so the bus that was validated is not necessarily the bus that is used. DEVICE_API_GET() performs no runtime type check outside CONFIG_DEVICE_API_ASSERT builds.
On a build with CONFIG_USERSPACE and an I3C controller driver, a user thread that has been granted an I3C device object can exploit this with a second thread in the same memory domain: one thread calls i3c_transfer() while the other rewrites the bus field of the descriptor. The window between the check and the use spans the num_msgs validation, the message-array access check, a stack VLA allocation and a memcpy() of up to 32 struct i3c_msg, so the race is repeatable and can simply be retried until it lands.
When the substitution succeeds, the kernel dereferences an attacker-chosen pointer as a struct device, loads a function pointer from the attacker-controlled api table and calls it in supervisor mode with attacker-influenced arguments. This yields kernel-mode code execution from an unprivileged user thread — a complete escape of the userspace memory-protection sandbox; lesser outcomes are an arbitrary two-level kernel read or a kernel fault. Builds without CONFIG_USERSPACE, or without an I3C driver, are unaffected.
The fix copies the descriptor into a kernel-stack local with k_usermode_from_copy(), validates the bus in that copy, and dispatches on the copy, so the validated value is provably the value used.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-09 21:26 UTC
CWE
- CWE-367 - race
Assigner
zephyr
CNA
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| zephyrproject | zephyr |
Affected:
3.2.0 , < 4.3.2
(semver)
Affected: 4.4.0 , < 4.5.0 (semver) |
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CVE-2026-86861 (GCVE-0-2026-86861)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 15:30 – Updated: 2026-09-17 19:18
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
pgAdmin 4: File Manager save_file writes through a symbolic link planted after the containment check
Summary
pgAdmin 4's File Manager save_file endpoint, which backs saving from the Query Tool and ERD, validated the requested path with Filemanager.check_access_permission() and then opened the file for writing with a plain open() call. CVE-2026-7819 had previously hardened the separate file upload path by opening its target with O_NOFOLLOW, so that the kernel refuses to follow a symbolic link at the final path component, but save_file was left on an unprotected open(). A symbolic link already present when the check ran was rejected by the check itself; the remaining exposure was a link substituted at the final path component in the interval between the check and the write, at which point the write followed the link and landed outside the user's storage directory, creating or overwriting an arbitrary file as the operating-system account running pgAdmin.
Exploitation requires the ability to create or replace a symbolic link inside the requesting user's storage directory. pgAdmin exposes no interface that creates symbolic links, so this requires filesystem access to the pgAdmin host or to a shared or network-mounted storage backend, together with winning the timing window. The reporter did not achieve a write against a released version, having attempted approximately 63,000 racing requests without success; the reported defect is the uncovered write path rather than a demonstrated sandbox escape.
The fix routes save_file's write through the same O_NOFOLLOW-protected helper already used by the upload path, so both File Manager write sinks carry identical kernel-enforced protection, and reports a symbolic-link refusal explicitly instead of surfacing the underlying system error text. Note that files created by save_file are now given mode 0600, inheriting the behaviour introduced for uploads. The protection covers the final path component; substitution of an intermediate directory component is not addressed by this change.
This issue affects pgAdmin 4: from the introduction of the containment check in the File Manager save path before 9.18.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-17 19:18 UTC
CWE
Assigner
PostgreSQL
CNA
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/issues/10385 | issue-tracking |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| pgadmin.org | pgAdmin 4 |
Affected:
0 , < 9.18
(custom)
|
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CVE-2026-86848 (GCVE-0-2026-86848)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-14 17:50 – Updated: 2026-11-09 09:45
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Dpdk: dpdk: time-of-check/time-of-use vulnerability allowing guest-triggered out-of-bounds write in vhost-crypto
Summary
A flaw was found in DPDK lib/vhost vhost-crypto. The indirect-descriptor snapshot double-fetches a guest descriptor next index, allowing a malicious guest to cause an out-of-bounds access in the host backend.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-14 19:34 UTC
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
redhat
CNA
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:94629 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:94630 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:96083 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-86848 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2529853 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
8 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
Unaffected:
2:25.11-2.el10_2 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
Unaffected:
0:23.11-3.el8_10 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:8::crb |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
Unaffected:
2:25.11-2.el9_8 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Fast Datapath for RHEL 10 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10::fastdatapath
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|
| Red Hat | Fast Datapath for RHEL 8 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8::fastdatapath
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|
| Red Hat | Fast Datapath for RHEL 9 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::fastdatapath
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenStack Platform 13 (Queens) |
cpe:/a:redhat:openstack:13
|
Date Public
2026-10-14 15:02
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CVE-2026-86836 (GCVE-0-2026-86836)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-14 17:44 – Updated: 2026-09-15 08:18
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
In Eclipse Ankaios versions 0.1.0 through 1.0.2, the agent creates workload files and Control Interface named pipes (FIFOs) under a predictable path derived from the agent name and a hash of the workload's runtime configuration. If a directory or FIFO already exists at that path when the agent (re)starts, the agent reuses it based only on an existence and/or file-type check, without validating its owner or permissions. A local, unprivileged user with write access to the same base directory (by default under `$TMPDIR/ankaios`, e.g. shared `/tmp`) can pre-create this path hierarchy, including the two Control Interface FIFOs, before the agent starts. The agent then treats the attacker-owned FIFOs as the legitimate Control Interface for the targeted workload. The attacker can complete the Control Interface handshake and issue requests using that workload's configured `controlInterfaceAccess` permissions, allowing impersonation of the workload and, depending on its configured permissions, unauthorized reading and/or modification of the cluster's desired state.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-14 18:00 UTC
Assigner
eclipse
CNA
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eclipse Foundation | Eclipse Ankaios |
Affected:
0.1.0 , ≤ 1.0.2
(semver)
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Mitigation
Implementation
The most basic advice for TOCTOU vulnerabilities is to not perform a check before the use. This does not resolve the underlying issue of the execution of a function on a resource whose state and identity cannot be assured, but it does help to limit the false sense of security given by the check.
Mitigation
Implementation
When the file being altered is owned by the current user and group, set the effective gid and uid to that of the current user and group when executing this statement.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Limit the interleaving of operations on files from multiple processes.
Mitigation
Implementation
Architecture and Design
If you cannot perform operations atomically and you must share access to the resource between multiple processes or threads, then try to limit the amount of time (CPU cycles) between the check and use of the resource. This will not fix the problem, but it could make it more difficult for an attack to succeed.
Mitigation
Implementation
Recheck the resource after the use call to verify that the action was taken appropriately.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Ensure that some environmental locking mechanism can be used to protect resources effectively.
Mitigation
Implementation
Ensure that locking occurs before the check, as opposed to afterwards, such that the resource, as checked, is the same as it is when in use.
CAPEC-27: Leveraging Race Conditions via Symbolic Links
This attack leverages the use of symbolic links (Symlinks) in order to write to sensitive files. An attacker can create a Symlink link to a target file not otherwise accessible to them. When the privileged program tries to create a temporary file with the same name as the Symlink link, it will actually write to the target file pointed to by the attackers' Symlink link. If the attacker can insert malicious content in the temporary file they will be writing to the sensitive file by using the Symlink. The race occurs because the system checks if the temporary file exists, then creates the file. The attacker would typically create the Symlink during the interval between the check and the creation of the temporary file.
CAPEC-29: Leveraging Time-of-Check and Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Conditions
This attack targets a race condition occurring between the time of check (state) for a resource and the time of use of a resource. A typical example is file access. The adversary can leverage a file access race condition by "running the race", meaning that they would modify the resource between the first time the target program accesses the file and the time the target program uses the file. During that period of time, the adversary could replace or modify the file, causing the application to behave unexpectedly.