Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-131

Allowed

Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product does not correctly calculate the size to be used when allocating a buffer, which could lead to a buffer overflow.

153 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2019-19282 (GCVE-0-2019-19282)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2020-03-10 19:16 – Updated: 2024-08-05 02:09
VLAI
Summary
A vulnerability has been identified in OpenPCS 7 V8.1 (All versions), OpenPCS 7 V8.2 (All versions), OpenPCS 7 V9.0 (All versions < V9.0 Upd3), SIMATIC BATCH V8.1 (All versions), SIMATIC BATCH V8.2 (All versions < V8.2 Upd12), SIMATIC BATCH V9.0 (All versions < V9.0 SP1 Upd5), SIMATIC NET PC Software V14 (All versions < V14 SP1 Update 14), SIMATIC NET PC Software V15 (All versions), SIMATIC NET PC Software V16 (All versions < V16 Update 1), SIMATIC PCS 7 V8.1 (All versions), SIMATIC PCS 7 V8.2 (All versions), SIMATIC PCS 7 V9.0 (All versions < V9.0 SP3), SIMATIC Route Control V8.1 (All versions), SIMATIC Route Control V8.2 (All versions), SIMATIC Route Control V9.0 (All versions < V9.0 Upd4), SIMATIC WinCC (TIA Portal) V13 (All versions < V13 SP2), SIMATIC WinCC (TIA Portal) V14 (All versions < V14 SP1 Update 10), SIMATIC WinCC (TIA Portal) V15.1 (All versions < V15.1 Update 5), SIMATIC WinCC (TIA Portal) V16 (All versions < V16 Update 1), SIMATIC WinCC V7.3 (All versions), SIMATIC WinCC V7.4 (All versions < V7.4 SP1 Update 14), SIMATIC WinCC V7.5 (All versions < V7.5 SP1 Update 1). Through specially crafted messages, when encrypted communication is enabled, an attacker with network access could use the vulnerability to compromise the availability of the system by causing a Denial-of-Service condition. Successful exploitation requires no system privileges and no user interaction.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C
CWE
  • CWE-131 - Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size
Assigner
siemens CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Siemens OpenPCS 7 V8.1 Affected: All versions
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens OpenPCS 7 V8.2 Affected: All versions
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens OpenPCS 7 V9.0 Affected: All versions < V9.0 Upd3
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC BATCH V8.1 Affected: All versions
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC BATCH V8.2 Affected: All versions < V8.2 Upd12
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC BATCH V9.0 Affected: All versions < V9.0 SP1 Upd5
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC NET PC Software V14 Affected: All versions < V14 SP1 Update 14
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC NET PC Software V15 Affected: All versions
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC NET PC Software V16 Affected: All versions < V16 Update 1
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC PCS 7 V8.1 Affected: All versions
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC PCS 7 V8.2 Affected: All versions
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC PCS 7 V9.0 Affected: All versions < V9.0 SP3
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC Route Control V8.1 Affected: All versions
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC Route Control V8.2 Affected: All versions
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC Route Control V9.0 Affected: All versions < V9.0 Upd4
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC WinCC (TIA Portal) V13 Affected: All versions < V13 SP2
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC WinCC (TIA Portal) V14 Affected: All versions < V14 SP1 Update 10
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC WinCC (TIA Portal) V15.1 Affected: All versions < V15.1 Update 5
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC WinCC (TIA Portal) V16 Affected: All versions < V16 Update 1
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC WinCC V7.3 Affected: All versions
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC WinCC V7.4 Affected: All versions < V7.4 SP1 Update 14
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC WinCC V7.5 Affected: All versions < V7.5 SP1 Update 1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2019-5435 (GCVE-0-2019-5435)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2019-05-28 18:44 – Updated: 2026-10-14 06:35
VLAI
Summary
An integer overflow in curl's URL API results in a buffer overflow in libcurl 7.62.0 to and including 7.64.1.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
  • CWE-131 - Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size (CWE-131)
Assigner
hackerone CNA
References
Impacted products
Date Public
2019-05-22 00:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2018-14618 (GCVE-0-2018-14618)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2018-09-05 19:00 – Updated: 2026-04-15 20:54
VLAI
Summary
curl before version 7.61.1 is vulnerable to a buffer overrun in the NTLM authentication code. The internal function Curl_ntlm_core_mk_nt_hash multiplies the length of the password by two (SUM) to figure out how large temporary storage area to allocate from the heap. The length value is then subsequently used to iterate over the password and generate output into the allocated storage buffer. On systems with a 32 bit size_t, the math to calculate SUM triggers an integer overflow when the password length exceeds 2GB (2^31 bytes). This integer overflow usually causes a very small buffer to actually get allocated instead of the intended very huge one, making the use of that buffer end up in a heap buffer overflow. (This bug is almost identical to CVE-2017-8816.)
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-15 20:54 UTC
CWE
Assigner
redhat CNA
References
URL Tags
https://curl.haxx.se/docs/CVE-2018-14618.html x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201903-03 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_GENTOO
https://usn.ubuntu.com/3765-1/ vendor-advisoryx_refsource_UBUNTU
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:3558 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://psirt.global.sonicwall.com/vuln-detail/SN… x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4286 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_DEBIAN
http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041605 vdb-entryx_refsource_SECTRACK
https://usn.ubuntu.com/3765-2/ vendor-advisoryx_refsource_UBUNTU
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2… x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/s… x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:1880 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
[UNKNOWN] curl Affected: 7.61.1
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2018-09-05 00:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation
Implementation

When allocating a buffer for the purpose of transforming, converting, or encoding an input, allocate enough memory to handle the largest possible encoding. For example, in a routine that converts "&" characters to "&amp;" for HTML entity encoding, the output buffer needs to be at least 5 times as large as the input buffer.

Mitigation MIT-36
Implementation
  • Understand the programming language's underlying representation and how it interacts with numeric calculation (CWE-681). Pay close attention to byte size discrepancies, precision, signed/unsigned distinctions, truncation, conversion and casting between types, "not-a-number" calculations, and how the language handles numbers that are too large or too small for its underlying representation. [REF-7]
  • Also be careful to account for 32-bit, 64-bit, and other potential differences that may affect the numeric representation.
Mitigation MIT-8
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Perform input validation on any numeric input by ensuring that it is within the expected range. Enforce that the input meets both the minimum and maximum requirements for the expected range.

Mitigation MIT-15
Architecture and Design

For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.

Mitigation
Implementation

When processing structured incoming data containing a size field followed by raw data, identify and resolve any inconsistencies between the size field and the actual size of the data (CWE-130).

Mitigation
Implementation

When allocating memory that uses sentinels to mark the end of a data structure - such as NUL bytes in strings - make sure you also include the sentinel in your calculation of the total amount of memory that must be allocated.

Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation

Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use sizeof() on the appropriate data type to avoid CWE-467.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use the appropriate type for the desired action. For example, in C/C++, only use unsigned types for values that could never be negative, such as height, width, or other numbers related to quantity. This will simplify validation and will reduce surprises related to unexpected casting.

Mitigation MIT-4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
  • Use libraries or frameworks that make it easier to handle numbers without unexpected consequences, or buffer allocation routines that automatically track buffer size.
  • Examples include safe integer handling packages such as SafeInt (C++) or IntegerLib (C or C++). [REF-106]
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-26
Implementation

Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening

Examine compiler warnings closely and eliminate problems with potential security implications, such as signed / unsigned mismatch in memory operations, or use of uninitialized variables. Even if the weakness is rarely exploitable, a single failure may lead to the compromise of the entire system.

Mitigation MIT-17
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.

Mitigation MIT-22
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Sandbox or Jail

  • Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
  • OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
  • This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
  • Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
CAPEC-100: Overflow Buffers

Buffer Overflow attacks target improper or missing bounds checking on buffer operations, typically triggered by input injected by an adversary. As a consequence, an adversary is able to write past the boundaries of allocated buffer regions in memory, causing a program crash or potentially redirection of execution as per the adversaries' choice.

CAPEC-47: Buffer Overflow via Parameter Expansion

In this attack, the target software is given input that the adversary knows will be modified and expanded in size during processing. This attack relies on the target software failing to anticipate that the expanded data may exceed some internal limit, thereby creating a buffer overflow.

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