Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-1284
AllowedImproper Validation of Specified Quantity in Input
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product receives input that is expected to specify a quantity (such as size or length), but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the quantity has the required properties.
316 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-125041 (GCVE-0-2026-125041)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-09 18:16 – Updated: 2026-11-09 18:16
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Gst-plugins-good: gst-plugins-good: qtdemux out-of-bounds heap read from invalid uncompressed video layout
Summary
A flaw was found in GStreamer's gst-plugins-good MOV/MP4 demuxer. When processing an uncompressed video track, qtdemux fails to validate the declared row alignment and chroma geometry before using them to build a video buffer layout. A crafted file can cause an out-of-bounds heap read while the sample is copied, potentially crashing the application and causing denial of service.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-1284 - Improper Validation of Specified Quantity in Input
Assigner
redhat
CNA
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-125041 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2569126 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/security/sa-202… |
Impacted products
4 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:10
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_els:7
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:8
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9
|
Date Public
2026-05-11 00:00
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CVE-2026-123660 (GCVE-0-2026-123660)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-06 08:58 – Updated: 2026-11-06 09:04
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Vulnerability-Lookup: memory amplification through webhook payload template format specifiers
Summary
In Vulnerability-Lookup 5.5.1 up to but not including 6.4.1, a signed-in user could make the server allocate memory far out of proportion to their input through a webhook notification's payload template. Each placeholder's format specifier was passed unchanged to Python's string formatting, which builds the padded result before its size can be checked. A template of a few dozen bytes, such as {"text": "{title:>999999999}"}, therefore produced a string of about 1 GB when the notification form test-rendered it on save, and repeating such fields multiplied the cost. Templates that passed the save check could also repeat placeholders such as {text} thousands of times; the notification daemon rebuilt those on every webhook delivery. Deeply nested templates raised an unhandled recursion error (HTTP 500). An attacker needs only an account, which the default configuration lets anyone create after e-mail confirmation. They could exhaust the memory of web workers or the notification daemon, causing a denial of service. Version 6.4.1 caps every number in a format specifier at 256, limits a rendered template to 1,000,000 characters both on save and at delivery, and rejects templates nested deeper than 32 levels.
Severity
CWE
Assigner
CIRCL
CNA
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/vulnerability-lookup/vulnerabi… | patch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| vulnerability-lookup | vulnerability-lookup |
Affected:
5.5.1 , < 6.4.1
(semver)
|
GCVE extensions
8 events
Fix in same day
EU CRA: not applicable
advisory
bcp-05-x-03
- Report to fix
- same day (reported 2026-11-05 19:41 UTC → fix available 2026-11-06 08:24 UTC)
- Report to disclosure
- same day (reported 2026-11-05 19:41 UTC → public disclosure 2026-11-06 08:24 UTC)
- 2026-11-05 19:41 UTC Reported researcher Private report sent to info@circl.lu, based on a bounded local run against commit 2bb9b2f0; no request was sent to the public service.
- 2026-11-06 Validated vendor Reproduced on the save and delivery paths; review found related amplification via repeated placeholders and an unhandled recursion error.
- 2026-11-06 fix-deployed vendor 6.4.1 deployed on the CIRCL production instance.
- 2026-11-06 08:10 UTC Fix developed vendor https://github.com/vulnerability-lookup/vulnerability-lookup/commit/2076ffdae3d024649114eeb6fd185338d4bb1f40
- 2026-11-06 08:24 UTC Fix available vendor Vulnerability-Lookup 6.4.1 released. https://github.com/vulnerability-lookup/vulnerability-lookup/releases/tag/v6.4.1
- 2026-11-06 08:24 UTC Public disclosure vendor Fix and changelog entry describing the issue made public with the 6.4.1 release. https://github.com/vulnerability-lookup/vulnerability-lookup/blob/v6.4.1/CHANGELOG.md
- 2026-11-06 08:43 UTC Identifier assigned gna GCVE-1-2026-20054 assigned.
- 2026-11-06 08:43 UTC Advisory published gna https://vulnerability.circl.lu/vuln/gcve-1-2026-20054
EU Cyber Resilience Act
EU-CRA
EU
Not applicable
No exploitation observed; the Article 14 notification obligations for actively exploited vulnerabilities do not apply.
Deadlines and status are stated by the publisher. Submitting on time is not evidence of compliance, and this page does not judge it.
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CVE-2026-123011 (GCVE-0-2026-123011)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-05 04:24 – Updated: 2026-11-09 20:37
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
STMicroelectronics st-mems-android-linux-sensors-hal before 7bdf334 does not check whether the allowed number of channels is exceeded.
Severity
4.2 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-09 20:37 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1284 - Improper Validation of Specified Quantity in Input
Assigner
mitre
CNA
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| STMicroelectronics | st-mems-android-linux-sensors-hal |
Affected:
0 , < 7bdf334e2dcb942f1bc0695d18b97029bf5b2da5
(git)
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CVE-2026-119749 (GCVE-0-2026-119749)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-04 16:52 – Updated: 2026-11-04 20:26 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
GetPaid WordPress Plugin < 2.8.63 Negative Quantity Payment Bypass
Summary
The GetPaid plugin for WordPress before 2.8.63 contains an improper input validation vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to bypass payment processing by submitting a negative item quantity on a public payment form. Attackers can exploit the unchecked quantity value in process_item() to produce a negative line subtotal that reduces the invoice total to zero, causing process_free_payment() to mark the invoice as paid without any actual gateway charge.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-04 20:26 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1284 - Improper Validation of Specified Quantity in Input
Assigner
VulnCheck
CNA
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://wordpress.org/plugins/invoicing/#developers | release-notespatch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/getpaid-word… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| AyeCode Ltd | Payment forms, Buy now buttons, and Invoicing System | GetPaid |
Affected:
0 , < 2.8.63
(semver)
|
Date Public
2026-10-23 00:00
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CVE-2026-119186 (GCVE-0-2026-119186)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-29 19:17 – Updated: 2026-10-29 20:24
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Forge: AES-GCM authentication bypass via unvalidated tagLength option
Summary
Forge (also called node-forge) is a native implementation of Transport Layer Security in JavaScript. Prior to 1.4.1, node-forge did not validate the AES-GCM tagLength option passed to start() during decryption through forge.cipher.createDecipher(). When an application derived tagLength from received data or used an unset or zero-like configuration value, a value that converted to zero together with an empty or missing authentication tag caused the calculated and supplied tags to compare as empty, so decipher.finish() accepted unauthenticated ciphertext. Applications that omit tagLength to use the 128-bit default or pass a fixed valid tag length are unaffected. This issue is fixed in version 1.4.1.
Severity
5.9 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-29 20:23 UTC
CWE
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/commit/236… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/releases/t… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| digitalbazaar | forge |
Affected:
< 1.4.1
|
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CVE-2026-118782 (GCVE-0-2026-118782)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-29 18:51 – Updated: 2026-11-03 16:21
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Forge: PKCS#12 MAC forgery and constant-key PBE via zero iteration count
Summary
Forge (also called node-forge) is a native implementation of Transport Layer Security in JavaScript. Prior to 1.4.1, node-forge accepted a PKCS#12 MAC or PKCS#12 password-based encryption iteration count of zero or less. pki.pbe.generatePkcs12Key() then returned a constant key independent of the password and salt, allowing crafted PKCS#12 input processed by forge.pkcs12.pkcs12FromAsn1() to bypass password-based integrity checks. Predictable encryption keys and IVs also affected PKCS#12 PBE using pbeWithSHAAnd3-KeyTripleDES-CBC or pbewithSHAAnd40BitRC2-CBC, including shrouded key bags, encrypted SafeContents, and PKCS#8 ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY input processed independently by forge.pki.decryptPrivateKeyInfo(). PBES2/PBKDF2-encrypted content is unaffected. This issue is fixed in version 1.4.1.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-03 16:21 UTC
CWE
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/commit/d95… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/releases/t… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| digitalbazaar | forge |
Affected:
< 1.4.1
|
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CVE-2026-116581 (GCVE-0-2026-116581)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-26 20:41 – Updated: 2026-10-31 01:49
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Seroval: fromJSON deserializer trusts sequence doneAt (unauthenticated event-loop DoS)
Summary
Seroval facilitates JavaScript value stringification, including complex structures beyond JSON.stringify capabilities. Prior to 1.6.8, fromJSON and fromCrossJSON do not validate a sequence node's done index. A crafted done index can create an iterator that never finishes when application code consumes it to completion. An unauthenticated request to a service that deserializes untrusted input can therefore block the event loop, exhaust process memory, or make the service unavailable. This issue is fixed in version 1.6.8.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-31 01:49 UTC
CWE
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/lxsmnsyc/seroval/security/advi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/lxsmnsyc/seroval/commit/e176f9… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/lxsmnsyc/seroval/releases/tag/… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-115906 (GCVE-0-2026-115906)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-26 16:30 – Updated: 2026-10-31 01:32
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
zip: AES Entry HMAC Authentication Bypass on Premature EOF
Summary
zip is a zip library for Rust that supports reading and writing simple ZIP files. From 0.6.0 until 9.0.0, the AES entry reader in src/aes.rs verifies its HMAC only when the attacker-controlled data counter reaches zero. If the underlying bounded reader reaches the real end of the archive while data_remaining is still positive, or if an encrypted entry has no payload, the reader can return a clean end of stream without reading and comparing the authentication tag. Applications using by_index_decrypt, by_name_decrypt, by_path_decrypt, or password-enabled by_index_with_options can therefore accept modified plaintext without an authentication error. This issue is fixed in version 9.0.0.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-31 01:32 UTC
CWE
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/zip-rs/zip2/security/advisorie… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/zip-rs/zip2/commit/ec265db0b06… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/zip-rs/zip2/releases/tag/v9.0.0 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-115382 (GCVE-0-2026-115382)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-22 19:13 – Updated: 2026-10-23 15:01
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Wasmtime 46.0.0 before 48.0.4 and 49.0.0 before 49.0.2 wasi:http Zero Timeout Panic DoS
Summary
Wasmtime 46.0.0 before 48.0.4 and 49.0.0 before 49.0.2 contains a denial-of-service vulnerability in its wasi:http implementation that allows guests to panic the host. Guests can specify a zero between-bytes-timeout request option, which is forwarded directly to a Tokio API that panics, crashing the host embedding.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-23 14:48 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1284 - Improper Validation of Specified Quantity in Input
Assigner
VulnCheck
CNA
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/secu… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/wasmtime-46.… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| bytecodealliance | wasmtime |
Affected:
46.0.0 , < 48.0.4
(semver)
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Date Public
2026-10-02 00:00
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CVE-2026-115274 (GCVE-0-2026-115274)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-30 08:57 – Updated: 2026-10-30 16:51
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Unbounded integer parsing in JSON.decode/1 enables CPU and memory exhaustion denial of service in Elixir
Summary
Improper Validation of Specified Quantity in Input vulnerability in the Elixir standard library's JSON module allows an unauthenticated attacker who supplies a JSON document to cause a denial of service through CPU and memory exhaustion.
JSON.decode/1 and JSON.decode!/1 convert each integer literal with erlang:binary_to_integer/1 and do not bound its length. A literal of one million digits decodes successfully but costs 100 to 300 times as much CPU as a string of the same length, so one request body of a few megabytes holds a scheduler for about a second. A literal of more than about 1.29 million digits raises SystemLimitError. Applications generated by phx.new decode request bodies with JSON in Plug.Parsers, before routing and authentication.
This issue affects elixir: from 1.18.0-rc.0 before 1.18.6, from 1.19.0-rc.0 before 1.19.7, and from 1.20.0-rc.0 before 1.20.5.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-30 16:51 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1284 - Improper Validation of Specified Quantity in Input
Assigner
EEF
CNA
References
8 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| elixir-lang | elixir |
Affected:
1.18.0-rc.0 , < 1.18.6
(semver)
Affected: 1.19.0-rc.0 , < 1.19.7 (semver) Affected: 1.20.0-rc.0 , < 1.20.5 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:elixir-lang:elixir:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| elixir-lang | elixir |
Affected:
793c1147210388587defb649f25f293ffbfa6b1b , < *
(git)
cpe:2.3:a:elixir-lang:elixir:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2026-10-30 08:57
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"value": "\u003cp\u003eImproper Validation of Specified Quantity in Input vulnerability in the Elixir standard library\u0027s \u003ccode\u003eJSON\u003c/code\u003e module allows an unauthenticated attacker who supplies a JSON document to cause a denial of service through CPU and memory exhaustion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ccode\u003eJSON.decode/1\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode\u003eJSON.decode!/1\u003c/code\u003e convert each integer literal with \u003ccode\u003eerlang:binary_to_integer/1\u003c/code\u003e and do not bound its length. A literal of one million digits decodes successfully but costs 100 to 300 times as much CPU as a string of the same length, so one request body of a few megabytes holds a scheduler for about a second. A literal of more than about 1.29 million digits raises \u003ccode\u003eSystemLimitError\u003c/code\u003e. Applications generated by \u003ccode\u003ephx.new\u003c/code\u003e decode request bodies with \u003ccode\u003eJSON\u003c/code\u003e in \u003ccode\u003ePlug.Parsers\u003c/code\u003e, before routing and authentication.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis issue affects elixir: from 1.18.0-rc.0 before 1.18.6, from 1.19.0-rc.0 before 1.19.7, and from 1.20.0-rc.0 before 1.20.5.\u003c/p\u003e"
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"value": "Improper Validation of Specified Quantity in Input vulnerability in the Elixir standard library\u0027s `JSON` module allows an unauthenticated attacker who supplies a JSON document to cause a denial of service through CPU and memory exhaustion.\n\n`JSON.decode/1` and `JSON.decode!/1` convert each integer literal with `erlang:binary_to_integer/1` and do not bound its length. A literal of one million digits decodes successfully but costs 100 to 300 times as much CPU as a string of the same length, so one request body of a few megabytes holds a scheduler for about a second. A literal of more than about 1.29 million digits raises `SystemLimitError`. Applications generated by `phx.new` decode request bodies with `JSON` in `Plug.Parsers`, before routing and authentication.\n\nThis issue affects elixir: from 1.18.0-rc.0 before 1.18.6, from 1.19.0-rc.0 before 1.19.7, and from 1.20.0-rc.0 before 1.20.5."
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"value": "Improper Validation of Specified Quantity in Input vulnerability in the Elixir standard library\u0027s JSON module allows an unauthenticated attacker who supplies a JSON document to cause a denial of service through CPU and memory exhaustion.\n\nJSON.decode/1 and JSON.decode!/1 convert each integer literal with erlang:binary_to_integer/1 and do not bound its length. A literal of one million digits decodes successfully but costs 100 to 300 times as much CPU as a string of the same length, so one request body of a few megabytes holds a scheduler for about a second. A literal of more than about 1.29 million digits raises SystemLimitError. Applications generated by phx.new decode request bodies with JSON in Plug.Parsers, before routing and authentication.\n\nThis issue affects elixir: from 1.18.0-rc.0 before 1.18.6, from 1.19.0-rc.0 before 1.19.7, and from 1.20.0-rc.0 before 1.20.5."
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"capecId": "CAPEC-130",
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"value": "\u003cp\u003eAn unauthenticated client that sends a JSON body with integer literals of about a million digits makes the server spend about a second of CPU per request and allocate large bignums. Sustained requests exhaust CPU on applications that decode untrusted JSON with \u003ccode\u003eJSON\u003c/code\u003e, including new Phoenix applications by default.\u003c/p\u003e"
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"value": "An unauthenticated client that sends a JSON body with integer literals of about a million digits makes the server spend about a second of CPU per request and allocate large bignums. Sustained requests exhaust CPU on applications that decode untrusted JSON with `JSON`, including new Phoenix applications by default."
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"metrics": [
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"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 6.9,
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"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
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"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
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"cweId": "CWE-1284",
"description": "CWE-1284 Improper Validation of Specified Quantity in Input",
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"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-30T09:01:54.926Z",
"orgId": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
"shortName": "EEF"
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"references": [
{
"name": "Unbounded integer parsing in JSON.decode/1 enables CPU and memory exhaustion denial of service in Elixir",
"tags": [
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"related"
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"url": "https://github.com/elixir-lang/elixir/security/advisories/GHSA-rp5q-xqhq-926h"
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{
"name": "EEF CNA record for CVE-2026-115274",
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"related"
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"url": "https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-115274.html"
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{
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"tags": [
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"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-115274"
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{
"name": "Introducing commit 793c114 in elixir-lang/elixir",
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{
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{
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"tags": [
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"url": "https://github.com/elixir-lang/elixir/commit/ee5cc23f8928aa5a0f25bb7f28e42ecfc7b7d396"
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"source": {
"discovery": "EXTERNAL"
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"title": "Unbounded integer parsing in JSON.decode/1 enables CPU and memory exhaustion denial of service in Elixir",
"workarounds": [
{
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"value": "\u003cp\u003eDecode untrusted JSON with an \u003ccode\u003einteger\u003c/code\u003e decoder that rejects long digit runs before conversion:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cpre\u003e\u003ccode class=\"language-elixir\"\u003edefmodule SafeJSON do\n def decode!(binary) do\n case JSON.decode(binary, :ok, integer: \u0026amp;safe_integer/1) do\n {decoded, :ok, \"\"} -\u0026gt; decoded\n _ -\u0026gt; raise ArgumentError, \"invalid JSON\"\n end\n end\n\n defp safe_integer(digits) when byte_size(digits) \u0026lt;= 1024, do: String.to_integer(digits)\n defp safe_integer(_digits), do: raise(ArgumentError, \"integer too long\")\nend\n\u003c/code\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn Phoenix, pass \u003ccode\u003eSafeJSON\u003c/code\u003e to \u003ccode\u003ePlug.Parsers\u003c/code\u003e as \u003ccode\u003ejson_decoder\u003c/code\u003e instead of \u003ccode\u003ePhoenix.json_library()\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"
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"value": "Decode untrusted JSON with an `integer` decoder that rejects long digit runs before conversion:\n\n```elixir\ndefmodule SafeJSON do\n def decode!(binary) do\n case JSON.decode(binary, :ok, integer: \u0026safe_integer/1) do\n {decoded, :ok, \"\"} -\u003e decoded\n _ -\u003e raise ArgumentError, \"invalid JSON\"\n end\n end\n\n defp safe_integer(digits) when byte_size(digits) \u003c= 1024, do: String.to_integer(digits)\n defp safe_integer(_digits), do: raise(ArgumentError, \"integer too long\")\nend\n```\n\nIn Phoenix, pass `SafeJSON` to `Plug.Parsers` as `json_decoder` instead of `Phoenix.json_library()`."
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],
"value": "Decode untrusted JSON with an integer decoder that rejects long digit runs before conversion:\n\ndefmodule SafeJSON do\n def decode!(binary) do\n case JSON.decode(binary, :ok, integer: \u0026safe_integer/1) do\n {decoded, :ok, \"\"} -\u003e decoded\n _ -\u003e raise ArgumentError, \"invalid JSON\"\n end\n end\n\n defp safe_integer(digits) when byte_size(digits) \u003c= 1024, do: String.to_integer(digits)\n defp safe_integer(_digits), do: raise(ArgumentError, \"integer too long\")\nend\n\nIn Phoenix, pass SafeJSON to Plug.Parsers as json_decoder instead of Phoenix.json_library()."
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"x_proofOfConcept": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
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"value": "\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBuild \u003ccode\u003ebody = \"[\" \u0026lt;\u0026gt; Enum.map_join(1..7, \",\", fn _ -\u0026gt; String.duplicate(\"9\", 1_000_000) end) \u0026lt;\u0026gt; \"]\"\u003c/code\u003e, a body of about 7 MB.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ccode\u003eJSON.decode(body)\u003c/code\u003e returns \u003ccode\u003e{:ok, ...}\u003c/code\u003e after about one second of CPU.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ccode\u003eJSON.decode(String.duplicate(\"9\", 1_000_000))\u003c/code\u003e takes 100 to 300 times as long as \u003ccode\u003eJSON.decode(\"\\\"\" \u0026lt;\u0026gt; String.duplicate(\"9\", 1_000_000) \u0026lt;\u0026gt; \"\\\"\")\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ccode\u003eJSON.decode(String.duplicate(\"9\", 1_400_000))\u003c/code\u003e raises \u003ccode\u003eSystemLimitError\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"
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"value": "1. Build `body = \"[\" \u003c\u003e Enum.map_join(1..7, \",\", fn _ -\u003e String.duplicate(\"9\", 1_000_000) end) \u003c\u003e \"]\"`, a body of about 7 MB.\n2. `JSON.decode(body)` returns `{:ok, ...}` after about one second of CPU.\n3. `JSON.decode(String.duplicate(\"9\", 1_000_000))` takes 100 to 300 times as long as `JSON.decode(\"\\\"\" \u003c\u003e String.duplicate(\"9\", 1_000_000) \u003c\u003e \"\\\"\")`.\n4. `JSON.decode(String.duplicate(\"9\", 1_400_000))` raises `SystemLimitError`."
}
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"value": "* Build body = \"[\" \u003c\u003e Enum.map_join(1..7, \",\", fn _ -\u003e String.duplicate(\"9\", 1_000_000) end) \u003c\u003e \"]\", a body of about 7 MB.\n* JSON.decode(body) returns {:ok, ...} after about one second of CPU.\n* JSON.decode(String.duplicate(\"9\", 1_000_000)) takes 100 to 300 times as long as JSON.decode(\"\\\"\" \u003c\u003e String.duplicate(\"9\", 1_000_000) \u003c\u003e \"\\\"\").\n* JSON.decode(String.duplicate(\"9\", 1_400_000)) raises SystemLimitError."
}
],
"x_technicalAnalysis": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
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"value": "\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1. Default integer decoder\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ccode\u003eJSON.decode/1\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode\u003eJSON.decode!/1\u003c/code\u003e call \u003ccode\u003eJSON.decode/3\u003c/code\u003e without an \u003ccode\u003einteger\u003c/code\u003e decoder. Up to the removal of Erlang/OTP 26 support, \u003ccode\u003eJSON.decode/3\u003c/code\u003e used the vendored \u003ccode\u003eelixir_json\u003c/code\u003e module, whose default is \u003ccode\u003efun erlang:binary_to_integer/1\u003c/code\u003e. It now calls OTP\u0027s \u003ccode\u003e:json.decode/3\u003c/code\u003e, which has the same default. The \u003ccode\u003eJSON.decode/3\u003c/code\u003e documentation names \u003ccode\u003e\u0026amp;String.to_integer/1\u003c/code\u003e as the default, which converts the same way.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2. Unbounded conversion\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe decoder scans the digits of an integer literal and passes the whole run to the conversion. Nothing limits the run\u0027s length, so the cost grows faster than linearly with the number of digits. At one million digits an integer literal costs 100 to 300 times as much CPU as a string literal of the same length. Above about 1.29 million digits the conversion raises \u003ccode\u003eSystemLimitError\u003c/code\u003e, which \u003ccode\u003eJSON.decode/3\u003c/code\u003e does not catch.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3. Reach\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ccode\u003ephx.new\u003c/code\u003e sets \u003ccode\u003econfig :phoenix, :json_library, JSON\u003c/code\u003e, and the generated endpoint passes \u003ccode\u003ePhoenix.json_library()\u003c/code\u003e to \u003ccode\u003ePlug.Parsers\u003c/code\u003e as \u003ccode\u003ejson_decoder\u003c/code\u003e. \u003ccode\u003ePlug.Parsers\u003c/code\u003e runs before routing and authentication and accepts bodies up to 8 MB by default. It rescues the \u003ccode\u003eSystemLimitError\u003c/code\u003e into a 400 response after the CPU cost is spent. Jason, the previous default, rejects integer literals longer than its \u003ccode\u003edecoding_integer_digit_limit\u003c/code\u003e (1024 by default) before conversion.\u003c/p\u003e"
},
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"type": "text/markdown",
"value": "**1. Default integer decoder**\n\n`JSON.decode/1` and `JSON.decode!/1` call `JSON.decode/3` without an `integer` decoder. Up to the removal of Erlang/OTP 26 support, `JSON.decode/3` used the vendored `elixir_json` module, whose default is `fun erlang:binary_to_integer/1`. It now calls OTP\u0027s `:json.decode/3`, which has the same default. The `JSON.decode/3` documentation names `\u0026String.to_integer/1` as the default, which converts the same way.\n\n**2. Unbounded conversion**\n\nThe decoder scans the digits of an integer literal and passes the whole run to the conversion. Nothing limits the run\u0027s length, so the cost grows faster than linearly with the number of digits. At one million digits an integer literal costs 100 to 300 times as much CPU as a string literal of the same length. Above about 1.29 million digits the conversion raises `SystemLimitError`, which `JSON.decode/3` does not catch.\n\n**3. Reach**\n\n`phx.new` sets `config :phoenix, :json_library, JSON`, and the generated endpoint passes `Phoenix.json_library()` to `Plug.Parsers` as `json_decoder`. `Plug.Parsers` runs before routing and authentication and accepts bodies up to 8 MB by default. It rescues the `SystemLimitError` into a 400 response after the CPU cost is spent. Jason, the previous default, rejects integer literals longer than its `decoding_integer_digit_limit` (1024 by default) before conversion."
}
],
"value": "1. Default integer decoder\n\nJSON.decode/1 and JSON.decode!/1 call JSON.decode/3 without an integer decoder. Up to the removal of Erlang/OTP 26 support, JSON.decode/3 used the vendored elixir_json module, whose default is fun erlang:binary_to_integer/1. It now calls OTP\u0027s :json.decode/3, which has the same default. The JSON.decode/3 documentation names \u0026String.to_integer/1 as the default, which converts the same way.\n\n2. Unbounded conversion\n\nThe decoder scans the digits of an integer literal and passes the whole run to the conversion. Nothing limits the run\u0027s length, so the cost grows faster than linearly with the number of digits. At one million digits an integer literal costs 100 to 300 times as much CPU as a string literal of the same length. Above about 1.29 million digits the conversion raises SystemLimitError, which JSON.decode/3 does not catch.\n\n3. Reach\n\nphx.new sets config :phoenix, :json_library, JSON, and the generated endpoint passes Phoenix.json_library() to Plug.Parsers as json_decoder. Plug.Parsers runs before routing and authentication and accepts bodies up to 8 MB by default. It rescues the SystemLimitError into a 400 response after the CPU cost is spent. Jason, the previous default, rejects integer literals longer than its decoding_integer_digit_limit (1024 by default) before conversion."
}
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},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
"assignerShortName": "EEF",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-115274",
"datePublished": "2026-10-30T08:57:16.847Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-10-23T12:45:01.103Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-30T16:51:45.396Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.