Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
4530 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-88115 (GCVE-0-2026-88115)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-13 19:01 – Updated: 2026-10-31 18:09
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Windows Server for NFS Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Out-of-bounds read in Windows Server for NFS allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-16 00:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
microsoft
CNA
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
13 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9612
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9376
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.26434
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.26434
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.23470
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.23470
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9612
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9612
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9376
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9376
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.5761
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.33650
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.33650
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-10-13 14:00
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CVE-2026-88086 (GCVE-0-2026-88086)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-13 20:37 – Updated: 2026-10-31 18:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Microsoft SQL Server Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Out-of-bounds read in SQL Server allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over an adjacent network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-13 21:55 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
microsoft
CNA
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
6 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft SQL Server 2019 (GDR) |
Affected:
15.0.0 , < 15.0.2200.2
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft SQL Server 2019 for x64-based Systems (CU32) |
Affected:
15.0.4003.23 , < 15.0.4500.2
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft SQL Server 2022 (GDR) |
Affected:
16.0.0 , < 16.0.1210.3
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft SQL Server 2022 for x64-based Systems (CU27) |
Affected:
16.0.4003.1 , < 16.0.4305.5
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft SQL Server 2025 for x64-based Systems (CU9) |
Affected:
17.0.4006.2 , < 17.0.5015.4
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft SQL Server 2025 for x64-based Systems (GDR) |
Affected:
17.0.1050.2 , < 17.0.1145.4
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-10-13 14:00
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CVE-2026-88081 (GCVE-0-2026-88081)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-13 20:37 – Updated: 2026-10-31 18:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Microsoft SQL Server Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Out-of-bounds read in SQL Server allows an authorized attacker to disclose information over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-13 21:55 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
microsoft
CNA
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
8 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft SQL Server 2017 (GDR) |
Affected:
14.0.0 , < 14.0.2140.2
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft SQL Server 2017 for x64-based Systems (CU31) |
Affected:
14.0.3006.16 , < 14.0.3560.2
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft SQL Server 2019 (GDR) |
Affected:
15.0.0 , < 15.0.2200.2
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft SQL Server 2019 for x64-based Systems (CU32) |
Affected:
15.0.4003.23 , < 15.0.4500.2
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft SQL Server 2022 (GDR) |
Affected:
16.0.0 , < 16.0.1210.3
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft SQL Server 2022 for x64-based Systems (CU27) |
Affected:
16.0.4003.1 , < 16.0.4305.5
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft SQL Server 2025 for x64-based Systems (CU9) |
Affected:
17.0.4006.2 , < 17.0.5015.4
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft SQL Server 2025 for x64-based Systems (GDR) |
Affected:
17.0.1050.2 , < 17.0.1145.4
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-10-13 14:00
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CVE-2026-88070 (GCVE-0-2026-88070)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-13 19:00 – Updated: 2026-10-31 18:05
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Windows BitLocker Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Summary
Out-of-bounds read in Windows BitLocker allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-13 19:59 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
microsoft
CNA
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
21 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9612
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9376
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 21H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.7807
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.7807
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 23H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.7652
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 23H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.7652
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.9711
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 25H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26200.0 , < 10.0.26200.9711
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 26H1 |
Affected:
10.0.28000.0 , < 10.0.28000.3231
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 26H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26300.0 , < 10.0.26300.9711
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.26434
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.26434
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.23470
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.23470
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9612
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9612
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9376
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9376
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.5761
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.33650
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.33650
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-10-13 14:00
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CVE-2026-88054 (GCVE-0-2026-88054)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-10 17:39 – Updated: 2026-09-10 18:07
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Tesseract: Denial of service via empty-stack dereference in Plumbing/Series at model load
Summary
Tesseract is an open source OCR engine. In version 5.5.3 and earlier, Plumbing::DeSerialize in src/lstm/plumbing.cpp rejects excessively large network stacks but accepts a zero-length stack for NT_SERIES, NT_PARALLEL, or NT_REVERSED layers in a crafted .traineddata model. During LSTMRecognizer initialization in src/lstm/lstmrecognizer.cpp, CacheXScaleFactor(XScaleFactor()) reaches Series::CacheXScaleFactor in src/lstm/series.cpp, which dereferences stack_[0] on the empty vector and invokes a virtual method through an invalid Network pointer. This causes a deterministic crash and denial of service at model load. No fixed release is available as of this review.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-10 18:06 UTC
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tesseract/securi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tesseract/commit… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| tesseract-ocr | tesseract |
Affected:
<= 5.5.3
|
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CVE-2026-88048 (GCVE-0-2026-88048)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-10 16:21 – Updated: 2026-09-11 15:59
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Tesseract: Heap out-of-bounds write/read in FullyConnected::Forward via layer/weight-matrix dimension mismatch
Summary
Tesseract is an open source OCR engine. In version 5.5.3 and earlier, FullyConnected::DeSerialize in src/lstm/fullyconnected.cpp does not validate the deserialized layer scalars ni_ and no_ against the weight-matrix dimensions. During FullyConnected::Forward, MatrixDotVector in src/lstm/weightmatrix.cpp writes w.dim1() results into temp_line, which is sized from no_, and reads w.dim2() minus one inputs from curr_input, which is sized from ni_. A crafted .traineddata NT_SOFTMAX layer can therefore use inconsistent dimensions to cause a heap out-of-bounds write and read on the default LSTM engine, resulting in heap corruption, a crash, information disclosure, or potentially controlled corruption. No fixed release is available as of this review.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-11 15:59 UTC
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tesseract/securi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tesseract/commit… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| tesseract-ocr | tesseract |
Affected:
<= 5.5.3
|
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CVE-2026-87961 (GCVE-0-2026-87961)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-10 10:52 – Updated: 2026-09-10 14:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ESP32-audioI2S 3.4.4 through 4.0.0 Heap-based Out-of-Bounds Read via Shadowed Length Parameter in read_ID3_Header
Summary
ESP32-audioI2S versions 3.4.4 through 4.0.0 contain a heap-based out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the read_ID3_Header function due to a shadowed length parameter in ID3 synchronized-lyrics processing. Attackers can craft malicious MP3 files or HTTP audio streams with oversized frame size declarations to read past allocated buffer boundaries, causing device crashes or exposing adjacent heap memory.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-10 14:22 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
VulnCheck
CNA
References
8 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/schreibfaul1/ESP32-audioI2S/is… | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/schreibfaul1/ESP32-audioI2S/pu… | patchissue-tracking |
| https://github.com/schreibfaul1/ESP32-audioI2S/co… | patch |
| https://github.com/schreibfaul1/ESP32-audioI2S/bl… | technical-description |
| https://github.com/schreibfaul1/ESP32-audioI2S/bl… | technical-description |
| https://github.com/schreibfaul1/ESP32-audioI2S/bl… | technical-description |
| https://github.com/schreibfaul1/ESP32-audioI2S | product |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/esp32-audioi… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| schreibfaul1 | ESP32-audioI2S |
Affected:
3.4.4 , ≤ 4.0.0
(semver)
|
Date Public
2026-08-09 00:00
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CVE-2026-87875 (GCVE-0-2026-87875)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-09 16:06 – Updated: 2026-11-06 01:12
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cups: openprinting cups: heap out-of-bounds read in cupsutf32toutf8() via missing source-length bound
Summary
The cupsUTF32ToUTF8() function in CUPS's cups/transcode.c lacks a source-length bound and can read past the end of the source buffer, resulting in a heap out-of-bounds read. This is reachable via SNMP supply-description parsing in backend/snmp-supplies.c with attacker-controlled content.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-09 17:57 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
redhat
CNA
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:66600 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-87875 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2530994 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://github.com/OpenPrinting/cups/commit/0c684… | |
| https://github.com/OpenPrinting/cups/commit/2b1dc… | |
| https://github.com/OpenPrinting/cups/security/adv… |
Impacted products
7 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Hardened Images |
Unaffected:
2.4.19-4.1.hum1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:10
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 |
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_els:6
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_els:7
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:8
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4
|
Date Public
2026-09-09 00:00
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CVE-2026-87849 (GCVE-0-2026-87849)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-21 12:18 – Updated: 2026-10-26 13:54
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache bRPC: Out-of-bounds read via non-object fields in Discovery naming-service reply parsing
Summary
The Discovery naming-service reply parser in Apache bRPC (versions < 1.18.0) calls RapidJSON object-only accessors (FindMember) on JSON values without first validating that those values are objects. A malformed Discovery response whose data/service members or instances list contain non-object entries (e.g. a bare integer) triggers the RapidJSON object-access precondition on the client, reading memory out of bounds and potentially crashing the bRPC client.
Root Cause:
In src/brpc/policy/discovery_naming_service.cpp, DiscoveryNamingService::GetServers() and DiscoveryNames::ListDiscoveryNodes() access JSON values with member functions on non-object values. RapidJSON only defines these operations for object types; invoking them on a non-object violates the class invariant and results in undefined behavior (out-of-bounds read), commonly crashing the process.
Affected Scenarios:
An operator-configured (or compromised) Discovery backend returns a malformed /discovery/nodes or /discovery/fetchs response whose data/service/instance entries are not JSON objects, crashing any bRPC client that refreshes its server list.
How to Fix:
1. Upgrade bRPC to version 1.18.0 or later, which fixes this issue.
2. Apply this patch: https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3533
The fix validates that the Discovery response data, per-service data, and instance entries are JSON objects (and skips non-object node/instance entries and rejects non-object data/service values) before calling member accessors.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-26 13:54 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
apache
CNA
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3533 | |
| https://lists.apache.org/thread/2pf15ojj0vr7rtx95… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache bRPC |
Affected:
0 , < 1.18.0
(semver)
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CVE-2026-87824 (GCVE-0-2026-87824)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-09 14:32 – Updated: 2026-09-20 00:35
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
zstd-jni 1.3.3-1 through 1.5.7-13 Out-of-Bounds Read via Zstd.trainFromBufferDirect
Summary
zstd-jni before 1.5.7-14 fails to validate the samples buffer capacity in Zstd.trainFromBufferDirect, allowing attackers to read past buffer boundaries by supplying oversized per-sample lengths. Attackers can trigger out-of-bounds memory access by providing crafted sample length arrays that cause the native implementation to walk past the buffer allocation, resulting in JVM termination.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-20 00:08 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
VulnCheck
CNA
References
8 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/luben/zstd-jni/security/adviso… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/luben/zstd-jni/commit/bba6cfca… | patch |
| https://github.com/luben/zstd-jni/blob/v1.5.7-13/… | technical-description |
| https://github.com/luben/zstd-jni/blob/v1.5.7-13/… | technical-description |
| https://github.com/luben/zstd-jni/releases/tag/v1… | release-notes |
| https://github.com/luben/zstd-jni/commit/53d3c634… | technical-descriptionpatch |
| https://github.com/luben/zstd-jni | product |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/zstd-jni-1.3… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-08-19 00:00
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Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.