Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
4656 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2023-45682 (GCVE-0-2023-45682)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-10-20 23:27 – Updated: 2024-09-12 13:35
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Wild address read in vorbis_decode_packet_rest in stb_vorbis
Summary
stb_vorbis is a single file MIT licensed library for processing ogg vorbis files. A crafted file may trigger out of bounds read in `DECODE` macro when `var` is negative. As it can be seen in the definition of `DECODE_RAW` a negative `var` is a valid value. This issue may be used to leak internal memory allocation information.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-09-12 13:31 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-20… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/nothings/stb/blob/5736b15f7ea0… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/nothings/stb/blob/5736b15f7ea0… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/nothings/stb/blob/5736b15f7ea0… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2023-45662 (GCVE-0-2023-45662)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-10-20 23:26 – Updated: 2025-02-13 17:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Multi-byte read heap buffer overflow in stbi__vertical_flip in stb_image
Summary
stb_image is a single file MIT licensed library for processing images. When `stbi_set_flip_vertically_on_load` is set to `TRUE` and `req_comp` is set to a number that doesn’t match the real number of components per pixel, the library attempts to flip the image vertically. A crafted image file can trigger `memcpy` out-of-bounds read because `bytes_per_pixel` used to calculate `bytes_per_row` doesn’t match the real image array dimensions.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-09-12 14:23 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
5 references
Impacted products
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CVE-2023-45661 (GCVE-0-2023-45661)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-10-20 23:26 – Updated: 2025-02-13 17:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Wild address read in stbi__gif_load_next in stb_image
Summary
stb_image is a single file MIT licensed library for processing images. A crafted image file may trigger out of bounds memcpy read in `stbi__gif_load_next`. This happens because two_back points to a memory address lower than the start of the buffer out. This issue may be used to leak internal memory allocation information.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-09-12 14:27 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
6 references
Impacted products
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CVE-2023-45231 (GCVE-0-2023-45231)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-01-16 16:09 – Updated: 2025-11-04 18:17
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Out-of-Bounds Read in EDK II Network Package
Summary
EDK2's Network Package is susceptible to an out-of-bounds read
vulnerability when processing Neighbor Discovery Redirect message. This
vulnerability can be exploited by an attacker to gain unauthorized
access and potentially lead to a loss of Confidentiality.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-08-30 18:59 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
TianoCore
CNA
References
7 references
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CVE-2023-45229 (GCVE-0-2023-45229)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-01-16 16:07 – Updated: 2025-11-04 18:17
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Out-of-Bounds Read in EDK II Network Package
Summary
EDK2's Network Package is susceptible to an out-of-bounds read
vulnerability when processing the IA_NA or IA_TA option in a DHCPv6 Advertise message. This
vulnerability can be exploited by an attacker to gain unauthorized
access and potentially lead to a loss of Confidentiality.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-05-08 15:54 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
TianoCore
CNA
References
6 references
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CVE-2023-45079 (GCVE-0-2023-45079)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-11-08 22:32 – Updated: 2024-09-04 17:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A memory leakage vulnerability was reported in the NvmramSmm SMM driver that may allow a local attacker with elevated privileges to write to NVRAM variables.
Severity
6.7 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-09-04 17:42 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
lenovo
CNA
References
1 reference
Impacted products
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CVE-2023-45078 (GCVE-0-2023-45078)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-11-08 22:30 – Updated: 2024-09-04 17:50
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A memory leakage vulnerability was reported in the DustFilterAlertSmm SMM driver that may allow a local attacker with elevated privileges to write to NVRAM variables.
Severity
6.7 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-09-04 17:48 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
lenovo
CNA
References
1 reference
Impacted products
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CVE-2023-45077 (GCVE-0-2023-45077)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-11-08 22:30 – Updated: 2024-09-04 17:54
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A memory leakage vulnerability was reported in the 534D0740 DXE driver that may allow a local attacker with elevated privileges to write to NVRAM variables.
Severity
6.7 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-09-04 17:52 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
lenovo
CNA
References
1 reference
Impacted products
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CVE-2023-45076 (GCVE-0-2023-45076)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-11-08 22:28 – Updated: 2024-09-04 17:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A memory leakage vulnerability was reported in the 534D0140 DXE driver that may allow a local attacker with elevated privileges to write to NVRAM variables.
Severity
6.7 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-09-04 17:55 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
lenovo
CNA
References
1 reference
Impacted products
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CVE-2023-45075 (GCVE-0-2023-45075)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-11-08 22:27 – Updated: 2024-09-04 17:58
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A memory leakage vulnerability was reported in the SWSMI_Shadow DXE driver that may allow a local attacker with elevated privileges to write to NVRAM variables.
Severity
6.7 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-09-04 17:57 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
lenovo
CNA
References
1 reference
Impacted products
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Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.