Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-122
AllowedHeap-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A heap overflow condition is a buffer overflow, where the buffer that can be overwritten is allocated in the heap portion of memory, generally meaning that the buffer was allocated using a routine such as malloc().
3349 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-114549 (GCVE-0-2026-114549)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-03 23:46 – Updated: 2026-11-06 18:54
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
NoMachine nxwebrunner Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
NoMachine nxwebrunner Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of NoMachine. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the web service, which listens on TCP port 4443 by default. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the service account. Was ZDI-CAN-30685.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-06 18:54 UTC
CWE
- CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
zdi
CNA
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-… | x_research-advisory |
Date Public
2026-10-23 01:47
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CVE-2026-114112 (GCVE-0-2026-114112)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-21 00:37 – Updated: 2026-10-22 15:34
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Sharp before 0.35.4 RCE via bundled libheif AVIF decoding
Summary
Sharp before 0.35.4 bundles a vulnerable libheif dependency that allows attackers to achieve possible remote code execution on glibc-based Linux by supplying crafted images. Attackers can submit malicious AVIF/HEIF input to applications processing untrusted images with sharp, triggering libheif decoding flaws to execute code.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-22 15:31 UTC
CWE
- CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
VulnCheck
CNA
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/lovell/sharp/security/advisori… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/sharp-before… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-08-27 00:00
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CVE-2026-114045 (GCVE-0-2026-114045)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-21 00:36 – Updated: 2026-10-21 15:51
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FreeRDP before 3.32.1 Heap Buffer Overflow via rdpsnd_server_select_format
Summary
FreeRDP before 3.32.1 contains a heap-based buffer overflow in the server-side rdpsnd channel because an integer wraparound in rdpsnd_server_select_format() DVI_ADPCM block-alignment arithmetic bypasses validation. A malicious RDP client can send two SNDC_FORMATS PDUs with an nBlockAlign too small for nChannels, causing an unbounded heap write during server audio playback, potentially enabling code execution.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-21 14:39 UTC
CWE
- CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
VulnCheck
CNA
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/security/advis… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/freerdp-befo… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-10-05 00:00
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CVE-2026-113364 (GCVE-0-2026-113364)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-09 04:14 – Updated: 2026-11-09 04:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Buffer Overflow in the data receiving process in NEC Corporation WebSAM WinShare Ver 7.5.0 and earlier, Ver 7.6.0 and Ver 7.7.0 through 7.7.2 on Windows allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code with SYSTEM privileges via a crafted packet with a malformed data size value in the protocol header.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-122 - Heap-based buffer overflow
Assigner
NEC
CNA
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| NEC Corporation | WebSAM WinShare |
Affected:
Ver 7.5.0 and earlier, Ver 7.6.0 and Ver 7.7.0 through 7.7.2
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CVE-2026-112710 (GCVE-0-2026-112710)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-27 15:52 – Updated: 2026-11-04 20:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Fireware OS Heap Buffer Overflow in AD Authentication Service Allows Pre-Authentication Remote Code Execution
Summary
A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the Fireware OS authentication service allows an attacker who controls or intercepts traffic to the configured Active Directory server to create a denial of service condition and potentially execute arbitrary code by returning a specially crafted response.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-04 18:45 UTC
Assigner
WatchGuard
CNA
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://psirt.watchguard.com/CVE-2026-112710 | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| WatchGuard | Fireware OS |
Affected:
2025.1 , < 2026.4
(custom)
Affected: 12.0 , < 12.12.4 (custom) |
|
| WatchGuard | Fireware OS |
Affected:
12.0 , < 12.5.22
(custom)
|
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CVE-2026-112709 (GCVE-0-2026-112709)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-27 15:52 – Updated: 2026-11-04 20:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Fireware OS Heap Buffer Overflow in AD Authentication Service Allows Pre-Authentication Remote Code Execution
Summary
A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the Fireware OS authentication service allows an attacker who controls or intercepts traffic to the configured Active Directory server to create a denial of service condition and potentially execute arbitrary code by returning a specially crafted response.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-04 18:46 UTC
Assigner
WatchGuard
CNA
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://psirt.watchguard.com/CVE-2026-112709 | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| WatchGuard | Fireware OS |
Affected:
2025.1 , < 2026.4
(custom)
Affected: 12.0 , < 12.12.4 (custom) |
|
| WatchGuard | Fireware OS |
Affected:
12.0 , < 12.5.22
(custom)
|
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CVE-2026-112403 (GCVE-0-2026-112403)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-19 21:22 – Updated: 2026-10-22 21:08
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Pillow: Heap buffer overflow in ImagingJpegDecode
Summary
Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 13.0.0, Pillow's JPEG decoder can write a full-width scanline into a buffer sized for a requested draft scale. ImagingJpegDecode does not verify libjpeg's actual output width and component count after scaling is requested, and an 8-bit lossless SOF3 JPEG decoded by a build linked to libjpeg-turbo 3.x can ignore the requested downscaling geometry. An attacker can supply such a JPEG to an application that uses draft() or thumbnail() to request downscaling. This can corrupt heap memory, crash the process, or potentially allow code execution. Older libjpeg-turbo 2.x and IJG builds reject the SOF3 input. This issue is fixed in version 13.0.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-22 21:08 UTC
CWE
- CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/security/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/24… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/releases/… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| python-pillow | Pillow |
Affected:
< 13.0.0
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CVE-2026-112398 (GCVE-0-2026-112398)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-19 21:07 – Updated: 2026-10-22 21:06
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Pillow: Heap buffer overflow in FlashPix (FPX) JPEG decoding leads to code execution
Summary
Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 13.0.0, Pillow's FlashPix JPEG-tile decoder can write decoded scanlines beyond the allocated tile buffer. FlashPix (FPX) JPEG decoding selects raw mode LA with two bytes per pixel, while an unrecognized JPEG mode can be decoded as JCS_UNKNOWN with four components, causing ImagingJpegDecode to write four-component scanlines into the two-byte tile buffer. An attacker can supply a crafted OLE2 FlashPix file to an application with the optional olefile dependency installed that opens or thumbnails untrusted input. This can corrupt heap memory and may allow arbitrary code execution. This issue is fixed in version 13.0.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-22 21:05 UTC
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/security/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/24… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/releases/… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| python-pillow | Pillow |
Affected:
< 13.0.0
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CVE-2026-112395 (GCVE-0-2026-112395)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-19 20:59 – Updated: 2026-10-28 15:24
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Pillow tiled-TIFF decoder reads past tile buffer in copy4 (Unpack.c:1290)
Summary
Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 8.2.0 until 13.0.0, Pillow's tiled-TIFF decoder can read past the tile buffer while copying four-byte pixels. In _decodeTile, libtiff can return a tile allocation smaller than the required row stride multiplied by the tile length, and Pillow's stride-and-copy loop walks beyond that allocation. An attacker can supply a crafted tiled TIFF to an application that loads it. This can expose adjacent heap data in pixels or crash the process. This issue is fixed in version 13.0.0.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-28 15:24 UTC
CWE
- CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/security/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/76… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/releases/… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| python-pillow | Pillow |
Affected:
>= 8.2.0, < 13.0.0
|
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CVE-2026-112393 (GCVE-0-2026-112393)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-19 20:46 – Updated: 2026-10-19 21:17
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Pillow: Heap buffer overflow in _tiffWriteProc when saving TIFF to BytesIO
Summary
Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 2.0.0 until 13.0.0, Pillow has a heap buffer overflow and stale-heap disclosure in _tiffWriteProc when saving compressed TIFF data through libtiff to a target without a usable fileno(), such as BytesIO. The callback sizes its allocation from the prior buffer size instead of the current write position, allowing an attacker-controlled out-of-line TIFF tag or retained ICC profile to be copied beyond the allocation after libtiff seeks forward. This overflow can crash the process and may allow code execution. Independently, unwritten alignment gaps in compressed TIFF output larger than 64 KiB can disclose stale heap bytes without a crafted tag. File paths and targets with real file descriptors are unaffected. This issue is fixed in version 13.0.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-19 21:17 UTC
CWE
- CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
GitHub_M
CNA
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/security/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/11… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/releases/… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| python-pillow | Pillow |
Affected:
>= 2.0.0, < 13.0.0
|
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Mitigation
Pre-design: Use a language or compiler that performs automatic bounds checking.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation
Implementation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Implementation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Look for their safe equivalent, which checks for the boundary.
Mitigation
Operation
Use OS-level preventative functionality. This is not a complete solution, but it provides some defense in depth.
CAPEC-92: Forced Integer Overflow
This attack forces an integer variable to go out of range. The integer variable is often used as an offset such as size of memory allocation or similarly. The attacker would typically control the value of such variable and try to get it out of range. For instance the integer in question is incremented past the maximum possible value, it may wrap to become a very small, or negative number, therefore providing a very incorrect value which can lead to unexpected behavior. At worst the attacker can execute arbitrary code.