Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-122

Allowed

Heap-based Buffer Overflow

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

A heap overflow condition is a buffer overflow, where the buffer that can be overwritten is allocated in the heap portion of memory, generally meaning that the buffer was allocated using a routine such as malloc().

3656 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2021-31986 (GCVE-0-2021-31986)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-10-05 21:45 – Updated: 2024-11-08 08:21
VLAI
Summary
User controlled parameters related to SMTP notifications are not correctly validated. This can lead to a buffer overflow resulting in crashes and data leakage.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
Axis CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Axis Communications AB AXIS OS Affected: AXIS OS 6.40 or later
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2021-31485 (GCVE-0-2021-31485)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-06-15 19:11 – Updated: 2024-08-03 23:03
VLAI
Summary
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of OpenText Brava! Desktop 16.6.3.84. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of DWF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-12711.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
zdi CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
OpenText Brava! Desktop Affected: 16.6.3.84
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
rgod
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2021-31483 (GCVE-0-2021-31483)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-06-15 19:11 – Updated: 2024-08-03 23:03
VLAI
Summary
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of OpenText Brava! Desktop 16.6.3.84. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of DWF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-12709.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
zdi CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
OpenText Brava! Desktop Affected: 16.6.3.84
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
rgod
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2021-31478 (GCVE-0-2021-31478)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-06-15 19:11 – Updated: 2024-08-03 23:03
VLAI
Summary
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of OpenText Brava! Desktop 16.6.3.84. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-12633.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
zdi CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
OpenText Brava! Desktop Affected: 16.6.3.84
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
rgod
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2021-31454 (GCVE-0-2021-31454)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-05-07 20:16 – Updated: 2024-08-03 23:03
VLAI
Summary
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Foxit Reader 10.1.1.37576. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the handling of the Decimal element. A crafted leadDigits value in a Decimal element can trigger an overflow of a fixed-length heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-13095.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
zdi CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Foxit Reader Affected: 10.1.1.37576
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Yongil Lee(@intellee) and Wonyoung Jung(@nonetype) of Diffense
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2021-31439 (GCVE-0-2021-31439)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-05-21 00:00 – Updated: 2024-08-03 22:55
VLAI
Summary
This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Synology DiskStation Manager. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerablity. The specific flaw exists within the processing of DSI structures in Netatalk. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-12326.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
zdi CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Synology DiskStation Manager Affected: 6.1.1-15101-4
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Angelboy(@scwuaptx) from DEVCORE Security Team
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2021-31436 (GCVE-0-2021-31436)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-04-29 16:31 – Updated: 2024-08-03 22:55
VLAI
Summary
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Foxit Studio Photo 3.6.6.931. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the handling of SGI files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-12376.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
zdi CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Foxit Studio Photo Affected: 3.6.6.931
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Anonymous
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2021-31429 (GCVE-0-2021-31429)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-04-29 16:31 – Updated: 2024-08-03 22:55
VLAI
Summary
This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on affected installations of Parallels Desktop 15.1.5-47309. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute high-privileged code on the target guest system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the IDE virtual device. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code in the context of the hypervisor. Was ZDI-CAN-13187.
Severity
8.2 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
zdi CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Parallels Desktop Affected: 15.1.5-47309
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Reno Robert of Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2021-31428 (GCVE-0-2021-31428)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-04-29 16:31 – Updated: 2024-08-03 22:55
VLAI
Summary
This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on affected installations of Parallels Desktop 15.1.5-47309. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute high-privileged code on the target guest system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the IDE virtual device. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code in the context of the hypervisor. Was ZDI-CAN-13186.
Severity
8.2 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
zdi CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Parallels Desktop Affected: 15.1.5-47309
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Reno Robert of Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2021-31424 (GCVE-0-2021-31424)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-04-29 16:31 – Updated: 2024-08-03 22:55
VLAI
Summary
This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on affected installations of Parallels Desktop 15.1.5-47309. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target guest system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the Open Tools Gate component. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code in the context of the hypervisor. Was ZDI-CAN-12848.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
zdi CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Parallels Desktop Affected: 15.1.5-47309
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Reno Robert of Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation

Pre-design: Use a language or compiler that performs automatic bounds checking.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.

Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation
Implementation

Implement and perform bounds checking on input.

Mitigation
Implementation

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Look for their safe equivalent, which checks for the boundary.

Mitigation
Operation

Use OS-level preventative functionality. This is not a complete solution, but it provides some defense in depth.

CAPEC-92: Forced Integer Overflow

This attack forces an integer variable to go out of range. The integer variable is often used as an offset such as size of memory allocation or similarly. The attacker would typically control the value of such variable and try to get it out of range. For instance the integer in question is incremented past the maximum possible value, it may wrap to become a very small, or negative number, therefore providing a very incorrect value which can lead to unexpected behavior. At worst the attacker can execute arbitrary code.

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