Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-95

Allowed

Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Incomplete

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product receives input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes code syntax before using the input in a dynamic evaluation call (e.g. "eval").

213 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2013-10070 (GCVE-0-2013-10070)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-05 20:04 – Updated: 2026-04-07 14:03 Unsupported When Assigned
VLAI
Title
PHP-Charts v1.0 PHP Code Execution
Summary
PHP-Charts v1.0 contains a PHP code execution vulnerability in wizard/url.php, where user-supplied GET parameter names are passed directly to eval() without sanitization. A remote attacker can exploit this flaw by crafting a request that injects arbitrary PHP code, resulting in command execution under the web server's context. The vulnerability allows unauthenticated attackers to execute system-level commands via base64-encoded payloads embedded in parameter names, leading to full compromise of the host system.
Severity
10 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-08-07 15:16 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA
References
Impacted products
Date Public
2013-01-18 00:00
Credits
AkaStep
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2013-10051 (GCVE-0-2013-10051)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-01 20:41 – Updated: 2026-05-15 11:14
VLAI
Title
InstantCMS <= 1.6 Remote PHP Code Execution
Summary
A remote PHP code execution vulnerability exists in InstantCMS version 1.6 and earlier due to unsafe use of eval() within the search view handler. Specifically, user-supplied input passed via the look parameter is concatenated into a PHP expression and executed without proper sanitation. A remote attacker can exploit this flaw by sending a crafted HTTP GET request with a base64-encoded payload in the Cmd header, resulting in arbitrary PHP code execution within the context of the web server.
Severity
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-08-05 14:45 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
InstantCMS InstantCMS Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.6 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:instantcms:instantcms:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2013-07-05 00:00
Credits
Ricardo Jorge Borges de Almeida
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2011-10033 (GCVE-0-2011-10033)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-15 01:23 – Updated: 2026-05-15 11:13 X_Known Exploited Vulnerability
VLAI
Title
WordPress Plugin is-human <= v1.4.2 Eval Injection RCE
Summary
The WordPress plugin is-human <= v1.4.2 contains an eval injection vulnerability in /is-human/engine.php that can be triggered via the 'type' parameter when the 'action' parameter is set to 'log-reset'. The root cause is unsafe use of eval() on user-controlled input, which can lead to execution of attacker-supplied PHP and OS commands. This may result in arbitrary code execution as the webserver user, site compromise, or data exfiltration. The is-human plugin was made defunct in June 2008 and is no longer available for download. This vulnerability was exploited in the wild in March 2012.
Severity
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-10-15 18:47 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
is-human WordPress Plugin is-human WordPress Plugin Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.4.2 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:disable_wordpress_update_notifications_and_auto-update_email_notifications_project:is-human__plugin:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2011-05-17 00:00
Credits
neworder
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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          "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20120115212202/http://blog.spiderlabs.com/2012/01/honeypot-alert-is-human-wordpress-plugin-remote-command-execution-attack-detected.html"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.trustwave.com/en-us/resources/blogs/spiderlabs-blog/honeypot-alert-more-wordpress-is_human-plugin-remote-command-injection-attack-detected/"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/wordpress-plugin-is-human-eval-injection-rce"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "tags": [
        "x_known-exploited-vulnerability"
      ],
      "title": "WordPress Plugin is-human \u003c= v1.4.2 Eval Injection RCE",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "vulncheck"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
    "assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
    "cveId": "CVE-2011-10033",
    "datePublished": "2025-10-15T01:23:46.757Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-10-10T13:59:10.279Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-15T11:13:50.601Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design Implementation

Strategy: Refactoring

If possible, refactor your code so that it does not need to use eval() at all.

Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Implementation
  • Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180, CWE-181). Make sure that your application does not inadvertently decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked. Use libraries such as the OWASP ESAPI Canonicalization control.
  • Consider performing repeated canonicalization until your input does not change any more. This will avoid double-decoding and similar scenarios, but it might inadvertently modify inputs that are allowed to contain properly-encoded dangerous content.
Mitigation
Implementation

For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].

CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files

An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.

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