CWE-916

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                "id": "CVE-2026-65629",
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                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-11-02T21:29:42.574496Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
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            "url": "https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose/security/advisories/GHSA-h4gx-8jq2-mfhc"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
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      "affected": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://repo.hex.pm",
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:2.3:a:potatosalad:jose:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
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          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "modules": [
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            "jose_jwk",
            "\u0027Elixir.JOSE.JWK\u0027"
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          "packageName": "jose",
          "packageURL": "pkg:hex/jose",
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            "src/jwk/jose_jwk.erl",
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              "name": "jose_jwk_der:to_binary/3"
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            {
              "name": "jose_jwk:to_der/2"
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              "name": "\u0027Elixir.JOSE.JWK\u0027:to_der/2"
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          "vendor": "potatosalad",
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              "name": "jose_jwk:to_der/2"
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              "name": "\u0027Elixir.JOSE.JWK\u0027:to_der/2"
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          "repo": "https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose",
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          "lang": "en",
          "type": "reporter",
          "value": "Peter Ullrich"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "remediation developer",
          "value": "Andrew Bennett"
        },
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          "type": "analyst",
          "value": "Jonatan M\u00e4nnchen / EEF"
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              "value": "\u003cp\u003eUse of Password Hash With Insufficient Computational Effort in the jose library allows an attacker who obtains a password-encrypted private-key export to recover the private key through an offline password-cracking attack.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen jose exports a password-encrypted private key with \u003ccode\u003ejose_jwk:to_der/2\u003c/code\u003e (\u003ccode\u003eJOSE.JWK.to_der/2\u003c/code\u003e), the \u003ccode\u003ejose_jwk_der:to_binary/3\u003c/code\u003e function in \u003ccode\u003esrc/jwk/jose_jwk_der.erl\u003c/code\u003e serializes the key as a \u003ccode\u003ePKCS#8\u003c/code\u003e \u003ccode\u003eEncryptedPrivateKeyInfo\u003c/code\u003e using the PBES2 scheme with hardcoded key-derivation parameters: PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA256 with an iteration count of 2048 and an 8-byte (64-bit) random salt. Neither value can be overridden by the caller.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBoth values are far below current guidance (OWASP recommends on the order of 600,000 iterations for PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA256, and NIST recommends salts of at least 128 bits), so the key-stretching work factor is roughly 300 times lower than intended and the short salt reduces the cost of precomputation across keys. The symmetric encryption (AES-256-CBC with a 16-byte random IV) is not affected; the weakness is entirely in the derivation strength. An attacker who obtains one of these exported blobs (for example from a backup, configuration repository, object storage, or logs) can mount a cheap offline dictionary or brute-force attack against the export password, and success yields the full private key.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis issue affects jose: from 1.10.0 before 1.11.13.\u003c/p\u003e"
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              "value": "Use of Password Hash With Insufficient Computational Effort in the jose library allows an attacker who obtains a password-encrypted private-key export to recover the private key through an offline password-cracking attack.\n\nWhen jose exports a password-encrypted private key with `jose_jwk:to_der/2` (`JOSE.JWK.to_der/2`), the `jose_jwk_der:to_binary/3` function in `src/jwk/jose_jwk_der.erl` serializes the key as a `PKCS#8` `EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo` using the PBES2 scheme with hardcoded key-derivation parameters: PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA256 with an iteration count of 2048 and an 8-byte (64-bit) random salt. Neither value can be overridden by the caller.\n\nBoth values are far below current guidance (OWASP recommends on the order of 600,000 iterations for PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA256, and NIST recommends salts of at least 128 bits), so the key-stretching work factor is roughly 300 times lower than intended and the short salt reduces the cost of precomputation across keys. The symmetric encryption (AES-256-CBC with a 16-byte random IV) is not affected; the weakness is entirely in the derivation strength. An attacker who obtains one of these exported blobs (for example from a backup, configuration repository, object storage, or logs) can mount a cheap offline dictionary or brute-force attack against the export password, and success yields the full private key.\n\nThis issue affects jose: from 1.10.0 before 1.11.13."
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          "value": "Use of Password Hash With Insufficient Computational Effort in the jose library allows an attacker who obtains a password-encrypted private-key export to recover the private key through an offline password-cracking attack.\n\nWhen jose exports a password-encrypted private key with jose_jwk:to_der/2 (JOSE.JWK.to_der/2), the jose_jwk_der:to_binary/3 function in src/jwk/jose_jwk_der.erl serializes the key as a PKCS#8 EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo using the PBES2 scheme with hardcoded key-derivation parameters: PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA256 with an iteration count of 2048 and an 8-byte (64-bit) random salt. Neither value can be overridden by the caller.\n\nBoth values are far below current guidance (OWASP recommends on the order of 600,000 iterations for PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA256, and NIST recommends salts of at least 128 bits), so the key-stretching work factor is roughly 300 times lower than intended and the short salt reduces the cost of precomputation across keys. The symmetric encryption (AES-256-CBC with a 16-byte random IV) is not affected; the weakness is entirely in the derivation strength. An attacker who obtains one of these exported blobs (for example from a backup, configuration repository, object storage, or logs) can mount a cheap offline dictionary or brute-force attack against the export password, and success yields the full private key.\n\nThis issue affects jose: from 1.10.0 before 1.11.13."
        }
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      "impacts": [
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-16",
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              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CAPEC-16 Dictionary-based Password Attack"
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            "attackVector": "LOCAL",
            "baseScore": 7.4,
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          "url": "https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose/security/advisories/GHSA-h4gx-8jq2-mfhc"
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          "name": "EEF CNA record for CVE-2026-65629",
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      "source": {
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
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      "title": "Weak PBKDF2 parameters for password-encrypted private-key export in jose",
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          "value": "Vikunja is an open-source self-hosted task management platform. Versions prior to 2.4.0 store password-reset, email-confirmation, and account-deletion tokens in the `user_tokens` table in plaintext. If an attacker gains read access to the database through a backup leak, misconfigured storage, or SQL-level exposure, they can immediately use pending tokens to take over user accounts without knowing passwords. Version 2.4.0 fixes the issue."
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          "value": "Jakub Lipi\u0144ski"
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          "value": "Marek To\u0142czyk"
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