Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-77
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
2048 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-120238 (GCVE-0-2026-120238)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-01 17:45 – Updated: 2026-11-06 19:08
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WAVLINK WN553X1-B ovpn_file ioos sub_4162A8 os command injection
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in WAVLINK WN553X1-B 260403_2.0.0. This affects the function sub_4162A8 of the file /bin/ioos of the component ovpn_file Handler. Such manipulation of the argument file_id leads to os command injection. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
9.9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-06 19:08 UTC
Assigner
VulDB
CNA
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/429597 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/429597/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-120238 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/919248 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/senxitoyshuyi-ui/HACKALL/blob/… | exploit |
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CVE-2026-120231 (GCVE-0-2026-120231)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-01 14:45 – Updated: 2026-11-02 17:42
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WAVLINK WN553X1-B OpenVPN CLI ioos sub_416568 os command injection
Summary
A vulnerability was determined in WAVLINK WN553X1-B V260403_2.0.0. The affected element is the function sub_416568 of the file /bin/ioos of the component OpenVPN CLI Handler. This manipulation of the argument file_id causes os command injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
9.9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-02 17:15 UTC
Assigner
VulDB
CNA
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/429590 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/429590/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-120231 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/919247 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/senxitoyshuyi-ui/HACKALL/blob/… | exploit |
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CVE-2026-120230 (GCVE-0-2026-120230)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-01 14:15 – Updated: 2026-11-06 19:06
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WAVLINK WN701AE ioos Web Backend del_vlan_group os command injection
Summary
A vulnerability was found in WAVLINK WN701AE 260105. Impacted is the function del_vlan_group of the component ioos Web Backend. The manipulation of the argument vlan_name results in os command injection. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
9.9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-06 19:05 UTC
Assigner
VulDB
CNA
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/429589 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/429589/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-120230 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/919242 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/pipiyyb/cve/blob/main/WAVLINK_… | exploit |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-120229 (GCVE-0-2026-120229)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-01 14:00 – Updated: 2026-11-05 15:44
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WAVLINK WN553X1-B ioos sub_416B50 os command injection
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in WAVLINK WN553X1-B 260403_2.0.0. This issue affects the function sub_416B50 of the file /bin/ioos. The manipulation of the argument file_id leads to os command injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-05 15:44 UTC
Assigner
VulDB
CNA
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/429588 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/429588/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-120229 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/919153 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/senxitoyshuyi-ui/IOT-CVE/blob/… | exploit |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-120228 (GCVE-0-2026-120228)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-01 13:45 – Updated: 2026-11-02 14:32
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WAVLINK WN553X1-B ioos Service sub_416D88 os command injection
Summary
A flaw has been found in WAVLINK WN553X1-B V260403_2.0.0. This vulnerability affects the function sub_416D88 of the file /bin/ioos of the component ioos Service. Executing a manipulation of the argument group_id/group_name can lead to os command injection. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
9.9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-02 14:32 UTC
Assigner
VulDB
CNA
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/429587 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/429587/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-120228 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/919151 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/senxitoyshuyi-ui/IOT-CVE/blob/… | exploit |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-120227 (GCVE-0-2026-120227)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-01 12:30 – Updated: 2026-11-02 17:42
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WAVLINK WN701AE ioos Web Backend static_route_setting.sh del_staticrule os command injection
Summary
A vulnerability was detected in WAVLINK WN701AE M01AE_V260105. This affects the function del_staticrule of the file static_route_setting.sh of the component ioos Web Backend. Performing a manipulation of the argument rule_name results in os command injection. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit is now public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
9.9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-02 17:15 UTC
Assigner
VulDB
CNA
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/429586 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/429586/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-120227 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/918620 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/pipiyyb/cve/blob/main/WAVLINK%… | exploit |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-120198 (GCVE-0-2026-120198)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-01 04:15 – Updated: 2026-11-02 14:20
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WAVLINK WL-WN530BE1-A protocol.csp con_check_read_finish command injection
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in WAVLINK WL-WN530BE1-A V251117. Affected is the function con_check_read_finish of the file /protocol.csp. Such manipulation of the argument group_name/IP-FROM leads to command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-02 14:20 UTC
Assigner
VulDB
CNA
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/429561 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/429561/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-120198 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/918551 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/pipiyyb/cve/blob/main/WN530BE1.md | exploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAVLINK | WL-WN530BE1-A |
Affected:
V251117
cpe:2.3:a:wavlink:wl-wn530be1-a:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-120197 (GCVE-0-2026-120197)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-01 03:45 – Updated: 2026-11-02 17:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WAVLINK WL-WN530HG4B wapi.cgi port_forward os command injection
Summary
A flaw has been found in WAVLINK WL-WN530HG4B M_V260724. This impacts the function port_forward of the file /cgi-bin/wapi.cgi. This manipulation of the argument Name causes os command injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
9.9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-02 17:15 UTC
Assigner
VulDB
CNA
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/429560 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/429560/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-120197 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/917074 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/pipiyyb/cve/blob/main/WL-WN530… | exploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAVLINK | WL-WN530HG4B |
Affected:
M_V260724
cpe:2.3:a:wavlink:wl-wn530hg4b:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-120196 (GCVE-0-2026-120196)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-01 03:30 – Updated: 2026-11-06 18:58
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WAVLINK WN579X3-D wapi.cgi port_forward os command injection
Summary
A vulnerability was detected in WAVLINK WN579X3-D V250402. This affects the function port_forward of the file /cgi-bin/wapi.cgi. The manipulation of the argument Name results in os command injection. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit is now public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
9.9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-06 18:57 UTC
Assigner
VulDB
CNA
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/429559 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/429559/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-120196 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/916941 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/pipiyyb/cve/blob/main/WN579X3-… | exploit |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-120195 (GCVE-0-2026-120195)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-01 03:00 – Updated: 2026-11-05 15:40
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WAVLINK WL-WN579A3-A Initial Setup Wizard adm.cgi set_wzdgwMesh os command injection
Summary
A security vulnerability has been detected in WAVLINK WL-WN579A3-A 2026-03-10-94f93d4. The impacted element is the function set_wzdgwMesh of the file /cgi-bin/adm.cgi of the component Initial Setup Wizard. The manipulation of the argument wlan_ssid leads to os command injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-05 15:40 UTC
Assigner
VulDB
CNA
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/429558 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/429558/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-120195 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/914922 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/pipiyyb/cve/blob/main/WAVLINK_… | exploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAVLINK | WL-WN579A3-A |
Affected:
2026-03-10-94f93d4
cpe:2.3:a:wavlink:wl-wn579a3-a:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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"title": "WAVLINK WL-WN579A3-A Initial Setup Wizard adm.cgi set_wzdgwMesh os command injection",
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Mitigation
Implementation
If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Operation
Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
Mitigation
System Configuration
Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection
An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection
An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.
CAPEC-248: Command Injection
An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.
CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices
This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.
CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.