Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-674

Allowed-with-Review

Uncontrolled Recursion

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product does not properly control the amount of recursion that takes place, consuming excessive resources, such as allocated memory or the program stack.

411 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-62303 (GCVE-0-2026-62303)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-30 18:58 – Updated: 2026-10-30 18:58
VLAI
Title
Pistache: DoS via stack exhaustion in REST router path normalization (regex_replace on long slash runs)
Summary
Pistache is a high-performance REST toolkit written in C++. From 0.0.5 through 0.4.26, `SegmentTreeNode::sanitizeResource()` in `src/server/router.cc` uses `std::regex_replace()` with the `//+` expression to collapse consecutive slashes. With libstdc++, a path containing tens of thousands of consecutive slash characters can recurse deeply enough to exhaust the stack and crash the process. `Router::route()`, `Router::addRoute()` and `Router::removeRoute()` reach this normalization. Unauthenticated remote exploitation is conditional on a deployment allowing sufficiently long request paths, such as by increasing `Endpoint::Options::maxRequestSize()` above the default 4096-byte limit or forwarding long paths through a front end. Direct router API use is also affected when attacker-controlled route or resource strings reach the normalizer. Native builds reproduced a crash around 24,000 consecutive slashes, although the exact threshold depends on the stack and standard library; the demonstrated failure is stack exhaustion rather than uninitialized-memory use. A source fix replaces recursive regular-expression normalization with an iterative pass, but no containing repository release was verified as of time of publication.
Severity
5.9 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CWE
  • CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
  • CWE-674 - Uncontrolled Recursion
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
pistacheio pistache Affected: >= 0.0.5, <= 0.4.26
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-62296 (GCVE-0-2026-62296)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-07 20:03 – Updated: 2026-08-10 13:29
VLAI
Title
HAPI FHIR: XHTML narrative parser unbounded recursion causes StackOverflow denial of service
Summary
HAPI FHIR is a complete implementation of the HL7 FHIR standard for healthcare interoperability in Java. Prior to 6.9.11, XhtmlParser.java imposes no maximum element nesting depth, so a deeply nested text.div narrative triggers unbounded recursion between parseElementInner() and parseElement(), raising a StackOverflowError. An attacker who can submit FHIR resources containing such narratives can thus crash a parsing or validation worker thread, affecting validator services and any application that parses attacker-supplied FHIR JSON or XML. This issue is fixed in version 6.9.11.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-10 13:29 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-20 - Improper Input Validation
  • CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
  • CWE-674 - Uncontrolled Recursion
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-62295 (GCVE-0-2026-62295)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-07 19:36 – Updated: 2026-08-13 18:38
VLAI
Title
HAPI FHIR: JSON utility parser unbounded recursion causes StackOverflow denial of service
Summary
HAPI FHIR is a complete implementation of the HL7 FHIR standard for healthcare interoperability in Java. Prior to 6.9.11, the JSON utility parser in org.hl7.fhir.utilities.json.parser.JsonParser enforces no maximum nesting depth for arrays or objects. As a result, a small but deeply nested, syntactically valid FHIR JSON document can trigger unbounded readArray() or readObject() recursion, raising a StackOverflowError before structural validation runs. An attacker who can submit JSON resources for validation can thus crash the request thread, and services that do not isolate StackOverflowError safely may experience worker loss or process instability — a denial-of-service condition. This issue is fixed in version 6.9.11.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-13 18:38 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-20 - Improper Input Validation
  • CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
  • CWE-674 - Uncontrolled Recursion
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-61847 (GCVE-0-2026-61847)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-30 18:44 – Updated: 2026-10-30 22:15
VLAI
Title
Crass: A large number of adjacent CSS comments can trigger a SystemStackError
Summary
Crass is a Ruby CSS parser that's fully compliant with the CSS Syntax Level 3 specification. Prior to 1.0.7, when the `:preserve_comments` option is not enabled, which is the default, Crass discards CSS comments by recursively consuming the next token. An attacker-provided stylesheet containing a very large number of adjacent comments can cause excessive recursion and trigger a `SystemStackError`, denying service to the parsing application. Preserving comments avoids this recursive path. This issue is fixed in version 1.0.7.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-30 21:18 UTC
CWE
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
rgrove crass Affected: < 1.0.7
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-61846 (GCVE-0-2026-61846)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-30 18:43 – Updated: 2026-11-05 02:28
VLAI
Title
Crass: Deeply nested CSS blocks and functions can trigger a SystemStackError or excessive memory usage
Summary
Crass is a Ruby CSS parser that's fully compliant with the CSS Syntax Level 3 specification. Prior to 1.0.7, Crass recursively parses `CSS simple blocks and functions` without a depth guard. An attacker-controlled CSS value containing deeply nested blocks or functions can recurse until Ruby raises `SystemStackError`: stack level too deep, or cause excessive memory usage. Version 1.0.7 adds a configurable depth limit with a conservative default. This issue is fixed in version 1.0.7.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-05 02:28 UTC
CWE
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
rgrove crass Affected: < 1.0.7
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Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2026-61811 (GCVE-0-2026-61811)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-24 17:48 – Updated: 2026-09-24 18:02
VLAI
Title
Wazuh: Unbounded Recursion in os_xml `_getattributes()` Causes analysisd Worker Thread Stack Exhaustion
Summary
Wazuh is an open-source security platform providing unified XDR and SIEM protection for endpoints and cloud workloads. From 3.8.0 until 4.14.7, the _getattributes() function in src/os_xml/os_xml.c recursively processes every XML attribute without a depth limit while allocating two large local buffers in each stack frame. An enrolled agent can submit a Windows EventChannel event containing an element with enough attributes to exhaust the analysisd worker-thread stack, trigger a segmentation fault, and interrupt log ingestion. The element-depth limit in _ReadElem() does not constrain the number of attributes on one element, so it does not prevent this condition. This issue is fixed in version 4.14.7.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-24 18:02 UTC
CWE
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
wazuh wazuh Affected: >= 3.8.0, < 4.14.7
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-61551 (GCVE-0-2026-61551)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-18 17:23 – Updated: 2026-09-24 21:05
VLAI
Title
Icinga 2: Stack overflow via deeply nested JSON objects
Summary
Icinga 2 is an open source monitoring system. Prior to 2.14.9, 2.15.4, and 2.16.2, parsing deeply nested JSON can exhaust the call stack because nesting depth is not bounded. The affected JSON parsing paths are reachable by unauthenticated network clients through the Icinga 2 service on TCP port 5665, allowing a remote attacker to crash the process, while possible code execution has not been demonstrated. This issue is fixed in versions 2.14.9, 2.15.4, and 2.16.2.
Severity
8.6 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-24 21:01 UTC
CWE
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Icinga icinga2 Affected: < 2.14.9
Affected: >= 2.15.0, < 2.15.4
Affected: >= 2.16.0, < 2.16.2
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-61483 (GCVE-0-2026-61483)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-05 06:36 – Updated: 2026-09-04 15:53 Unsupported When Assigned
VLAI
Title
Apache Lucy: QueryParser unbounded recursion on deeply-nested query -> C-stack-overflow DoS
Summary
** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** Uncontrolled Recursion vulnerability in Apache Lucy. This issue affects Apache Lucy: all versions. As this project is retired, we do not plan to release a version that fixes this issue. Users are recommended to find an alternative or restrict access to the instance to trusted users. NOTE: This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the ASF. Lucy is now maintained outside of the ASF at https://github.com/lucysearch
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-06 17:44 UTC
CWE
Assigner
apache CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Apache Software Foundation Apache Lucy Affected: 0 , < 0.8.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-59927 (GCVE-0-2026-59927)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 16:24 – Updated: 2026-07-08 19:45
VLAI
Title
Mistune directives/include: mutual `.. include::` recursion crashes the renderer with `RecursionError`, denial of service via two attacker-controlled markdown files
Summary
Mistune is a Python Markdown parser with renderers and plugins. Prior to 3.3.0, the Include directive in src/mistune/directives/include.py detects only direct self-includes and not indirect cycles, allowing two markdown files that include each other to trigger unbounded recursion, raise RecursionError, and crash the rendering request. This issue is fixed in version 3.3.0.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-08 19:45 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-674 - Uncontrolled Recursion
  • CWE-755 - Improper Handling of Exceptional Conditions
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
lepture mistune Affected: < 3.3.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-59645 (GCVE-0-2026-59645)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-03 00:49 – Updated: 2026-08-03 13:35
VLAI
Title
OER parser recurses without depth limit on self-referential IEEE 1609.2 schema
Summary
In Bouncy Castle for Java before 1.85, OER parser recurses without depth limit on self-referential IEEE 1609.2 schema. This issue also affects Bouncy Castle for Java LTS before 2.73.12, and Bouncy Castle for Java FIPS (BC-FJA) before bcutil-fips 2.0.7 (2.0.X series) and 2.1.7 (2.1.X series).
Severity
8.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/U:Amber
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-03 13:35 UTC
CWE
Assigner
bcorg CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc. BC-JAVA Affected: 1.70 , < 1.85 (maven)
Create a notification for this product.
Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc. BC-LTS-JAVA Affected: 2.73.0 , < 2.73.12 (maven)
Create a notification for this product.
Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc. BC-FJA Affected: 2.0.0 , < 2.0.7 (maven)
Affected: 2.1.0 , < 2.1.7 (maven)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Alex Gaynor in collaboration with Claude and Anthropic Research
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation
Implementation

Ensure that an end condition will be reached under all logic conditions. The end condition may include checking against the depth of recursion and exiting with an error if the recursion goes too deep. The complexity of the end condition contributes to the effectiveness of this action.

Mitigation
Implementation

Increase the stack size.

CAPEC-230: Serialized Data with Nested Payloads

Applications often need to transform data in and out of a data format (e.g., XML and YAML) by using a parser. It may be possible for an adversary to inject data that may have an adverse effect on the parser when it is being processed. Many data format languages allow the definition of macro-like structures that can be used to simplify the creation of complex structures. By nesting these structures, causing the data to be repeatedly substituted, an adversary can cause the parser to consume more resources while processing, causing excessive memory consumption and CPU utilization.

CAPEC-231: Oversized Serialized Data Payloads

An adversary injects oversized serialized data payloads into a parser during data processing to produce adverse effects upon the parser such as exhausting system resources and arbitrary code execution.

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