Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-400

Discouraged

Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.

2353 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-61387 (GCVE-0-2026-61387)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-04 11:52 – Updated: 2026-08-04 15:02

Summary

In Eclipse Milo versions 1.0.0 through 1.1.4, monitored-item quota accounting is not exception-safe: if item creation fails with an unchecked error, the server-global reservation is not restored. Deeply nested PubSub ExtensionObjects in a `CreateMonitoredItems` event filter can trigger a `StackOverflowError` during decoding, allowing an unauthenticated remote client to exhaust a finite global monitored-item quota and prevent all clients from creating new monitored items until restart. Existing monitored items and other server functions remain unaffected.

Severity

6.9 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-08-04 14:28 UTC

CWE

Assigner

eclipse CNA

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/eclipse-milo/milo/commit/587e3…
https://github.com/eclipse-milo/milo/commit/5f3f6…
https://gitlab.eclipse.org/security/vulnerability…
https://gitlab.eclipse.org/security/cve-assignmen…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Eclipse Foundation	Eclipse Milo	Affected: 1.0.0 , < 1.1.5 (semver)

Credits

Abhinav Agarwal (GitHub: @abhinavagarwal07)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-60021 (GCVE-0-2026-60021)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-14 14:28 – Updated: 2026-10-18 13:31

Title

Gitea GitLab migration denial of service

Summary

Gitea's initial GitLab migration version probe uses an HTTP client without a timeout and does not attach the migration task's cancellation context. An authenticated user who can start migrations can target an attacker-controlled server that keeps the response open indefinitely. The request continues after task cancellation and can exhaust the migration worker pool, preventing other migrations from progressing.

Severity

6.5 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-10-18 13:30 UTC

CWE

CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

Assigner

Gitea CNA

References

5 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/security/adviso…	vendor-advisory
https://blog.gitea.com/release-of-1.27.3/	release-notes
https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/39023	patch
https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/39035	patch
https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/releases/tag/v1.27.3	release-notes

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Gitea	Gitea	Affected: 1.16.0 , < 1.27.3 (semver)

Credits

https://github.com/PhucQuan https://github.com/bircni

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
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CVE-2026-60018 (GCVE-0-2026-60018)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-14 14:28 – Updated: 2026-10-14 15:21

Title

Gitea OneDev migration denial of service

Summary

Gitea's OneDev migration downloader reads the entire remote version response into memory without a size limit and uses a client without a timeout. An authenticated user who can start a repository migration can direct it to an attacker-controlled OneDev-compatible server returning an oversized or never-ending response. This can consume memory and hold migration workers, impairing service availability.

Severity

6.5 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-10-14 15:21 UTC

CWE

CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

Assigner

Gitea CNA

References

5 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/security/adviso…	vendor-advisory
https://blog.gitea.com/release-of-1.27.3/	release-notes
https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/39024	patch
https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/39033	patch
https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/releases/tag/v1.27.3	release-notes

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Gitea	Gitea	Affected: 1.16.0 , < 1.27.3 (semver)

Credits

https://github.com/PhucQuan https://github.com/bircni

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
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CVE-2026-59980 (GCVE-0-2026-59980)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-23 22:07 – Updated: 2026-09-24 13:25

Title

hpack: Unbounded variable integer decoding can cause run-away computation on malformed input

Summary

hpack is an HTTP/2 Header Encoding for Python. Prior to version 4.2.0, unbounded variable integer decoding can cause run-away computation on malformed input leading to O(n^2) runtime, effectively blocking further processing with large enough unsanitized input. A fix is available in python-hyper/hpack v4.2.0 to restricted variable integer decoding to uint32 to prevent run-away computation. As a workaround, sanitize input to hpack decoder for long sequences of `0xFF` values to prevent malicious use.

Severity

6.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-09-24 13:24 UTC

CWE

CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

Assigner

GitHub_M CNA

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/python-hyper/hpack/security/ad…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/python-hyper/hpack/commit/8cfb…	x_refsource_MISC
https://cs.opensource.google/go/x/net/+/master:ht…	x_refsource_MISC
https://docs.rs/http2/0.5.19/src/http2/hpack/deco…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
python-hyper	hpack	Affected: < 4.2.0

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-59980",
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CVE-2026-59951 (GCVE-0-2026-59951)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-14 16:22 – Updated: 2026-10-15 15:07

Title

MCP Python SDK: Unbounded Session Accumulation in StreamableHTTP Transport Enables Resource Exhaustion

Summary

The MCP Python SDK, called mcp on PyPI, is a Python implementation of the Model Context Protocol (MCP). From 1.8.0 until 1.30.0 and 2.2.0, stateful Streamable HTTP servers, including FastMCP, MCPServer, Server.streamable_http_app(), and StreamableHTTPSessionManager, retain session entries without an idle expiration or aggregate session-count limit. DELETE, refused opening requests, and completed sessions do not reliably discard their entries, and each entry can retain parsed initialize parameters. A client that can reach the endpoint can therefore create ordinary short requests that grow server memory without bound until restart. Stateless HTTP, stdio, and SSE transports are not affected. This issue is fixed in versions 1.30.0 and 2.2.0.

Severity

6.9 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-10-15 13:55 UTC

CWE

CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CWE-772 - Missing Release of Resource after Effective Lifetime

Assigner

GitHub_M CNA

References

7 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/modelcontextprotocol/python-sd…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/modelcontextprotocol/python-sd…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/modelcontextprotocol/python-sd…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/modelcontextprotocol/python-sd…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/modelcontextprotocol/python-sd…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/modelcontextprotocol/python-sd…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/modelcontextprotocol/python-sd…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
modelcontextprotocol	python-sdk	Affected: >= 1.8.0, < 1.30.0 Affected: >= 2.0.0, < 2.2.0

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-59942 (GCVE-0-2026-59942)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-28 20:41 – Updated: 2026-07-29 14:07

Title

Dompdf: Denial of Service (DoS) via Resource Exhaustion using Oversized Image Bitmaps

Summary

Dompdf is an HTML to PDF converter for PHP. Versions 3.15 and prior are vulnerable to a Denial of Service (DoS) attack via resource exhaustion. An attacker can crash the PHP process by providing a specially crafted HTML document containing a single image with massive dimensions (e.g., 30,000x30,000 pixels). While Dompdf implements internal checks to validate image dimensions, these can be bypassed by using a high-entropy image (such as random noise) encoded in Base64 and wrapped in specific CSS containers. The vulnerability exists because the dimension validation happens early, but the resource allocation for calculating the object's bounding box and internal buffers during the rendering phase does not strictly limit the cumulative CPU time or memory usage for a single object that has passed the initial check. An unauthenticated remote attacker can cause a complete Denial of Service on the web server by submitting a crafted HTML string. This affects any application that allows users to provide HTML content or URLs that are subsequently converted to PDF using Dompdf. This issue has been fixed in version 3.16.

Severity

6.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-07-29 14:07 UTC

CWE

CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

Assigner

GitHub_M CNA

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/dompdf/dompdf/security/advisor…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/dompdf/dompdf/commit/7c65e7bbe…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/dompdf/dompdf/commit/89164eaab…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/dompdf/dompdf/releases/tag/v3.1.6	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
dompdf	dompdf	Affected: < 3.1.6

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-59941 (GCVE-0-2026-59941)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-28 20:42 – Updated: 2026-07-29 12:41

Title

Dompdf: Uncontrolled resource consumption based on declared BMP dimensions

Summary

Dompdf is an HTML to PDF converter for PHP. Versions 3.15 and prior accept a BMP image and generates a PDF-compatible PNG based only on its declared header dimensions and never bounds width × height before the image is converted through GD. A 58-byte BMP whose header declares e.g. 6000×6000 is accepted and later drives imagecreatetruecolor($width, $height) (and PHP's native BMP decoder) to allocate the full pixel canvas. A payload can fit in a single HTTP request: the BMP can be inlined as a data:image/bmp;base64,… URI inside attacker-controlled HTML, so no upload, no remote fetch, and no chroot-reachable file is required. I measured a 169-byte request driving a dompdf render to ~412 MB peak RSS and ~4.8 s of CPU/wall time, versus ~34 MB for an identically-sized benign request — roughly a 12× memory amplification per request, repeatable and unauthenticated. This issue has been fixed in version 3.16.

Severity

6.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-07-29 12:41 UTC

CWE

CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

Assigner

GitHub_M CNA

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/dompdf/dompdf/security/advisor…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/dompdf/dompdf/commit/7c65e7bbe…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/dompdf/dompdf/releases/tag/v3.1.6	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
dompdf	dompdf	Affected: < 3.1.6

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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          "name": "https://github.com/dompdf/dompdf/security/advisories/GHSA-8hg6-c449-896m",
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          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/dompdf/dompdf/security/advisories/GHSA-8hg6-c449-896m"
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      ],
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        "advisory": "GHSA-8hg6-c449-896m",
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      "title": "Dompdf: Uncontrolled resource consumption based on declared BMP dimensions"
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CVE-2026-59937 (GCVE-0-2026-59937)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 17:25 – Updated: 2026-07-09 14:41

Title

pypdf: Possible long runtimes for repeated malformed cross-reference entries

Summary

pypdf is a free and open-source pure-python PDF library. Prior to 6.14.0, an attacker can craft a PDF with repeated malformed cross-reference streams that cause pypdf to spend long runtimes recovering broken cross-reference table entries. This issue is fixed in version 6.14.0.

Severity

6.9 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-07-09 14:38 UTC

CWE

CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

Assigner

GitHub_M CNA

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/security/advisori…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/pull/3887	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/commit/b5fc5aa714…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/releases/tag/6.14.0	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
py-pdf	pypdf	Affected: < 6.14.0

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-59936 (GCVE-0-2026-59936)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 19:34 – Updated: 2026-07-09 13:28

Title

pypdf: Possible infinite loop for not terminated inline images

Summary

pypdf is a free and open-source pure-python PDF library. Prior to 6.14.1, an attacker can craft a PDF with a page content stream containing a not terminated inline image, causing an infinite loop during inline image end marker detection such as when extracting page text. This issue is fixed in version 6.14.1.

Severity

8.7 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-07-09 13:26 UTC

CWE

CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

Assigner

GitHub_M CNA

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/security/advisori…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/pull/3891	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/commit/ec3b145961…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/releases/tag/6.14.1	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
py-pdf	pypdf	Affected: < 6.14.1

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
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        "metrics": [
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CVE-2026-59933 (GCVE-0-2026-59933)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-28 17:29 – Updated: 2026-07-28 17:57

Title

PhpSpreadsheet: XLS/OLE sector-chain self-loop causes memory exhaustion

Summary

PhpSpreadsheet is a pure PHP library for reading and writing spreadsheet files. In versions 4.0.0 through 5.8.0, 3.3.0 through 3.10.6, 2.2.0 through 2.4.6, 2.0.0 through 2.1.17, and all releases up to and including 1.30.5, the OLE reader follows sector chains from attacker-controlled XLS/OLE metadata without detecting cycles or enforcing a maximum chain length. A tiny malformed .xls/OLE file can set the small-block depot sector chain to point back to itself. During normal XLS detection, OLERead::read() appends the same sector data repeatedly until the PHP process exhausts memory. This is reachable from Reader\Xls::canRead() and therefore from automatic spreadsheet type detection. Applications that accept attacker-controlled spreadsheet uploads can suffer denial of service from a very small file. This issue has been fixed in versions 5.8.1, 3.10.7, 2.4.7, 2.1.18 and 1.30.6.

Severity

7.5 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-07-28 17:57 UTC

CWE

CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CWE-835 - Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop')

Assigner

GitHub_M CNA

References

7 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/secur…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/commi…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/relea…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/relea…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/relea…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/relea…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/relea…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
PHPOffice	PhpSpreadsheet	Affected: >= 4.0.0, < 5.8.1 Affected: >= 3.3.0, < 3.10.7 Affected: >= 2.2.0, < 2.4.7 Affected: >= 2.0.0, < 2.1.18 Affected: < 1.30.6

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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        {
          "name": "https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/releases/tag/5.8.1",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/releases/tag/5.8.1"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-xh5m-36r6-47m3",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "PhpSpreadsheet: XLS/OLE sector-chain self-loop causes memory exhaustion"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-59933",
    "datePublished": "2026-07-28T17:29:27.129Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-07-07T18:20:06.126Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-07-28T17:57:30.912Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Mitigation

Architecture and Design

Design throttling mechanisms into the system architecture. The best protection is to limit the amount of resources that an unauthorized user can cause to be expended. A strong authentication and access control model will help prevent such attacks from occurring in the first place. The login application should be protected against DoS attacks as much as possible. Limiting the database access, perhaps by caching result sets, can help minimize the resources expended. To further limit the potential for a DoS attack, consider tracking the rate of requests received from users and blocking requests that exceed a defined rate threshold.

Mitigation

Architecture and Design

Mitigation of resource exhaustion attacks requires that the target system either:
The first of these solutions is an issue in itself though, since it may allow attackers to prevent the use of the system by a particular valid user. If the attacker impersonates the valid user, they may be able to prevent the user from accessing the server in question.
The second solution is simply difficult to effectively institute -- and even when properly done, it does not provide a full solution. It simply makes the attack require more resources on the part of the attacker.
recognizes the attack and denies that user further access for a given amount of time, or
uniformly throttles all requests in order to make it more difficult to consume resources more quickly than they can again be freed.

Mitigation

Architecture and Design

Ensure that protocols have specific limits of scale placed on them.

Mitigation

Implementation

Ensure that all failures in resource allocation place the system into a safe posture.

CAPEC-147: XML Ping of the Death

An attacker initiates a resource depletion attack where a large number of small XML messages are delivered at a sufficiently rapid rate to cause a denial of service or crash of the target. Transactions such as repetitive SOAP transactions can deplete resources faster than a simple flooding attack because of the additional resources used by the SOAP protocol and the resources necessary to process SOAP messages. The transactions used are immaterial as long as they cause resource utilization on the target. In other words, this is a normal flooding attack augmented by using messages that will require extra processing on the target.

CAPEC-227: Sustained Client Engagement

An adversary attempts to deny legitimate users access to a resource by continually engaging a specific resource in an attempt to keep the resource tied up as long as possible. The adversary's primary goal is not to crash or flood the target, which would alert defenders; rather it is to repeatedly perform actions or abuse algorithmic flaws such that a given resource is tied up and not available to a legitimate user. By carefully crafting a requests that keep the resource engaged through what is seemingly benign requests, legitimate users are limited or completely denied access to the resource.

CAPEC-492: Regular Expression Exponential Blowup

An adversary may execute an attack on a program that uses a poor Regular Expression(Regex) implementation by choosing input that results in an extreme situation for the Regex. A typical extreme situation operates at exponential time compared to the input size. This is due to most implementations using a Nondeterministic Finite Automaton(NFA) state machine to be built by the Regex algorithm since NFA allows backtracking and thus more complex regular expressions.

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