Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-367

Allowed

Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition

Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete

The product checks the state of a resource before using that resource, but the resource's state can change between the check and the use in a way that invalidates the results of the check.

626 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-77242 (GCVE-0-2026-77242)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-22 17:58 – Updated: 2026-09-22 18:49
VLAI
Title
MCP Atlassian: Incomplete fix for CVE-2026-27826: DNS rebinding bypasses SSRF validation (validated IP not pinned)
Summary
MCP Atlassian is a Model Context Protocol (MCP) server for Atlassian products (Confluence and Jira). Prior to 0.22.0, validate_url_for_ssrf checks a hostname's resolved addresses, but Requests and urllib3 resolve the hostname again when connecting. A caller can use a short-lived DNS answer that is public during validation and private during connection, preserving unauthenticated access to internal or metadata endpoints despite the earlier CVE-2026-27826 remediation. The advisory traces the vulnerable input and processing flow through validate_url_for_ssrf, _check_dns_resolution, socket.getaddrinfo, and _make_ssrf_safe_hook, which identify the affected entry points, controls, and code paths. This issue is fixed in version 0.22.0.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-22 18:48 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
  • CWE-918 - Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
sooperset mcp-atlassian Affected: < 0.22.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-77242",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-09-22T18:48:54.750780Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-09-22T18:49:13.059Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "exploit"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/sooperset/mcp-atlassian/security/advisories/GHSA-72fm-whvq-jghf"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "mcp-atlassian",
          "vendor": "sooperset",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 0.22.0"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "MCP Atlassian is a Model Context Protocol (MCP) server for Atlassian products (Confluence and Jira). Prior to 0.22.0, validate_url_for_ssrf checks a hostname\u0027s resolved addresses, but Requests and urllib3 resolve the hostname again when connecting. A caller can use a short-lived DNS answer that is public during validation and private during connection, preserving unauthenticated access to internal or metadata endpoints despite the earlier CVE-2026-27826 remediation. The advisory traces the vulnerable input and processing flow through validate_url_for_ssrf, _check_dns_resolution, socket.getaddrinfo, and _make_ssrf_safe_hook, which identify the affected entry points, controls, and code paths. This issue is fixed in version 0.22.0."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "LOW",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "CHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-367",
              "description": "CWE-367: Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-918",
              "description": "CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-22T17:58:41.813Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/sooperset/mcp-atlassian/security/advisories/GHSA-72fm-whvq-jghf",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/sooperset/mcp-atlassian/security/advisories/GHSA-72fm-whvq-jghf"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/sooperset/mcp-atlassian/pull/1448",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/sooperset/mcp-atlassian/pull/1448"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/sooperset/mcp-atlassian/commit/b041733473f95119dd539542a43c280737a8e460",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/sooperset/mcp-atlassian/commit/b041733473f95119dd539542a43c280737a8e460"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/sooperset/mcp-atlassian/releases/tag/v0.22.0",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/sooperset/mcp-atlassian/releases/tag/v0.22.0"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-72fm-whvq-jghf",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "MCP Atlassian: Incomplete fix for CVE-2026-27826: DNS rebinding bypasses SSRF validation (validated IP not pinned)"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-77242",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-22T17:58:41.813Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-20T19:02:23.415Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-22T18:49:13.059Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-77059 (GCVE-0-2026-77059)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-26 14:46 – Updated: 2026-10-26 15:35 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
TOCTOU Race Condition in boneIO
Summary
boneIO Black contains a TOCTOU race condition in the create_timedatectl_sudoers_file() function in boneio/webui/routes/timezone_sudoers.py. The function writes sudoers rules to a predictable temporary file, validates them, then installs them with root privileges. A local attacker can exploit the race window between validation and installation to substitute malicious content, or use the predictable filename for symlink attacks, resulting in arbitrary sudoers rule injection and local privilege escalation to root. This issue was fixed in version 1.6.0.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-26 15:30 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
CERT-PL CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
boneIO boneIO Affected: 1.3.0 , < 1.6.0 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:boneio:boneio:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-77059",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-10-26T15:30:38.399015Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-10-26T15:35:50.139Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://pypi.python.org",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "modules": [
            "app_black",
            "create_timedatectl_sudoers_file()"
          ],
          "packageName": "boneio",
          "product": "boneIO",
          "programFiles": [
            "boneio/webui/routes/timezone_sudoers.py"
          ],
          "programRoutines": [
            {
              "name": "create_timedatectl_sudoers_file"
            }
          ],
          "repo": "https://github.com/boneIO-eu/app_black",
          "vendor": "boneIO",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "1.6.0",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1.3.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:boneio:boneio:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "1.6.0",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "1.3.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ],
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Mateusz W\u0142odarczak (s3ga)"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "boneIO Black contains a TOCTOU race condition in the create_timedatectl_sudoers_file() function in boneio/webui/routes/timezone_sudoers.py. The function writes sudoers rules to a predictable temporary file, validates them, then installs them with root privileges. A local attacker can exploit the race window between validation and installation to substitute malicious content, or use the predictable filename for symlink attacks, resulting in arbitrary sudoers rule injection and local privilege escalation to root.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis issue was fixed in version\u0026nbsp;1.6.0."
            }
          ],
          "value": "boneIO Black contains a TOCTOU race condition in the create_timedatectl_sudoers_file() function in boneio/webui/routes/timezone_sudoers.py. The function writes sudoers rules to a predictable temporary file, validates them, then installs them with root privileges. A local attacker can exploit the race window between validation and installation to substitute malicious content, or use the predictable filename for symlink attacks, resulting in arbitrary sudoers rule injection and local privilege escalation to root.\n\nThis issue was fixed in version\u00a01.6.0."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
            "attackVector": "LOCAL",
            "baseScore": 8.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-367",
              "description": "CWE-367 Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-10-26T14:46:02.659Z",
        "orgId": "4bb8329e-dd38-46c1-aafb-9bf32bcb93c6",
        "shortName": "CERT-PL"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://cert.pl/en/posts/2026/10/CVE-2026-77052"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "product"
          ],
          "url": "https://boneio.eu/en/docs/black"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      },
      "tags": [
        "x_open-source"
      ],
      "title": "TOCTOU Race Condition in boneIO",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "4bb8329e-dd38-46c1-aafb-9bf32bcb93c6",
    "assignerShortName": "CERT-PL",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-77059",
    "datePublished": "2026-10-26T14:46:02.659Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-20T09:37:37.787Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-26T15:35:50.139Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-76925 (GCVE-0-2026-76925)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-04 21:02 – Updated: 2026-11-06 00:44
VLAI
Title
Flatpak: flatpak: toctou race condition allows symlink redirection
Summary
A flaw was found in Flatpak. A Time-of-check to time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition exists in the `org.freedesktop.Flatpak.SystemHelper` component. This vulnerability occurs because a privileged `chmod` operation executes before the OSTree repository validation within the `Deploy()` function. An attacker can exploit this timing window to redirect symlinks to arbitrary files, potentially leading to unauthorized file manipulation or information disclosure.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-08 13:00 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
redhat CNA
References
URL Tags
https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-76925 vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2520099 issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-08-19 00:00
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-76925",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-09-08T13:00:30.486927Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-09-08T13:00:37.367Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/",
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:10"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "packageName": "flatpak",
          "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/",
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_els:7"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "packageName": "flatpak",
          "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/",
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:8"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "packageName": "flatpak",
          "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/",
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "packageName": "flatpak",
          "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        }
      ],
      "datePublic": "2026-08-19T00:00:00.000Z",
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "A flaw was found in Flatpak. A Time-of-check to time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition exists in the `org.freedesktop.Flatpak.SystemHelper` component. This vulnerability occurs because a privileged `chmod` operation executes before the OSTree repository validation within the `Deploy()` function. An attacker can exploit this timing window to redirect symlinks to arbitrary files, potentially leading to unauthorized file manipulation or information disclosure."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "other": {
            "content": {
              "namespace": "https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/",
              "value": "Moderate"
            },
            "type": "Red Hat severity rating"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackVector": "LOCAL",
            "availabilityImpact": "LOW",
            "baseScore": 5.8,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "LOW",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS"
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-367",
              "description": "Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-11-06T00:44:51.070Z",
        "orgId": "53f830b8-0a3f-465b-8143-3b8a9948e749",
        "shortName": "redhat"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry",
            "x_refsource_REDHAT"
          ],
          "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-76925"
        },
        {
          "name": "RHBZ#2520099",
          "tags": [
            "issue-tracking",
            "x_refsource_REDHAT"
          ],
          "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2520099"
        }
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-08-19T22:56:29.378Z",
          "value": "Reported to Red Hat."
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-08-19T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Made public."
        }
      ],
      "title": "Flatpak: flatpak: toctou race condition allows symlink redirection",
      "workarounds": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability."
        }
      ],
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "cvelib 1.8.0"
      },
      "x_redhatCweChain": "CWE-367: Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "53f830b8-0a3f-465b-8143-3b8a9948e749",
    "assignerShortName": "redhat",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-76925",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-04T21:02:00.079Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-19T22:57:38.204Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-11-06T00:44:51.070Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-75524 (GCVE-0-2026-75524)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-23 20:29 – Updated: 2026-10-29 14:33
VLAI
Title
OpenReception: race condition in add-to-tunnel and create-new-client allows overlapping appointments for one agent
Summary
OpenReception's appointment booking software provides an end-to-end encrypted appointment booking platform. Prior to version 2.2.2, an attacker overbooks an agent, placing multiple appointments into a single time slot that the system is designed to keep exclusive. The number of overlapping appointments equals the number of concurrent requests, and one booking token is enough because the token is consumed after the insert. This results in the integrity of the booking-calendar breaking and availability being denied to other clients. This issue has been patched in version 2.2.2.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-29 14:33 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-75524",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-10-29T14:33:43.306279Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-10-29T14:33:55.695Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "exploit"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/open-reception/appointment-booking-software/security/advisories/GHSA-q452-m9pf-qj9j"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "appointment-booking-software",
          "vendor": "open-reception",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 2.2.2"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "OpenReception\u0027s appointment booking software provides an end-to-end encrypted appointment booking platform. Prior to version 2.2.2, an attacker overbooks an agent, placing multiple appointments into a single time slot that the system is designed to keep exclusive. The number of overlapping appointments equals the number of concurrent requests, and one booking token is enough because the token is consumed after the insert. This results in the integrity of the booking-calendar breaking and availability being denied to other clients. This issue has been patched in version 2.2.2."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "LOW",
            "baseScore": 5.4,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "LOW",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-367",
              "description": "CWE-367: Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-10-23T20:29:52.583Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/open-reception/appointment-booking-software/security/advisories/GHSA-q452-m9pf-qj9j",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/open-reception/appointment-booking-software/security/advisories/GHSA-q452-m9pf-qj9j"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/open-reception/appointment-booking-software/commit/73663288a8d4ad2ad31d897dc1f494ace2f0e452",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/open-reception/appointment-booking-software/commit/73663288a8d4ad2ad31d897dc1f494ace2f0e452"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/open-reception/appointment-booking-software/releases/tag/v2.2.2",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/open-reception/appointment-booking-software/releases/tag/v2.2.2"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-q452-m9pf-qj9j",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "OpenReception: race condition in add-to-tunnel and create-new-client allows overlapping appointments for one agent"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-75524",
    "datePublished": "2026-10-23T20:29:52.583Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-17T20:49:21.600Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-29T14:33:55.695Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-73829 (GCVE-0-2026-73829)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 17:19 – Updated: 2026-08-19 18:58
VLAI
Title
Non-atomic hash-credential dedup in mpp Tempo allows replay of a confirmed payment under a concurrent race
Summary
Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition in ZenHive mpp allows an unauthenticated remote client to redeem one confirmed on-chain payment for multiple paid-resource accesses. The type="hash" credential path in MPP.Methods.Tempo.verify/2 guards against replay with a non-atomic check-then-mark sequence: check_hash_unused/2 reads the dedup store, an eth_getTransactionReceipt round trip verifies the payment on chain, and only then does mark_hash_used/2 write the mark. Concurrent requests carrying the same settled payment hash all pass the read before any of them writes, so each is issued a receipt. The store's atomic check_and_mark/2 primitive is available and used by the type="transaction" path, but the hash path calls plain get and put even when the configured store implements it. Exploitation requires a dedup store to be configured; the default nil store is stateless and documented as offering no replay protection at all. This issue affects mpp: from 0.2.0 before 0.6.1.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-19 18:55 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
EEF CNA
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ZenHive mpp Affected: 0.2.0 , < 0.6.1 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:ZenHive:mpp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
ZenHive mpp Affected: f8904666061fbab695874856d8fcd02c471dfe1b , < 46c5b0e1311da7d92190dc7d9ea89027a1d365e9 (git)
    cpe:2.3:a:ZenHive:mpp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-06-29 00:00
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-73829",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-08-19T18:55:14.304500Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-08-19T18:58:33.322Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://repo.hex.pm",
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:2.3:a:ZenHive:mpp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "modules": [
            "\u0027Elixir.MPP.Methods.Tempo\u0027"
          ],
          "packageName": "mpp",
          "packageURL": "pkg:hex/mpp",
          "product": "mpp",
          "programFiles": [
            "lib/mpp/methods/tempo.ex"
          ],
          "programRoutines": [
            {
              "name": "\u0027Elixir.MPP.Methods.Tempo\u0027:verify/2"
            }
          ],
          "repo": "https://github.com/ZenHive/mpp",
          "vendor": "ZenHive",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "0.6.1",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0.2.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://github.com",
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:2.3:a:ZenHive:mpp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "modules": [
            "\u0027Elixir.MPP.Methods.Tempo\u0027"
          ],
          "packageName": "zenhive/mpp",
          "packageURL": "pkg:github/zenhive/mpp",
          "product": "mpp",
          "programFiles": [
            "lib/mpp/methods/tempo.ex"
          ],
          "programRoutines": [
            {
              "name": "\u0027Elixir.MPP.Methods.Tempo\u0027:verify/2"
            }
          ],
          "repo": "https://github.com/ZenHive/mpp",
          "vendor": "ZenHive",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "46c5b0e1311da7d92190dc7d9ea89027a1d365e9",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "f8904666061fbab695874856d8fcd02c471dfe1b",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "configurations": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "\u003cp\u003eThe race is only reachable when \u003ccode\u003eMPP.Methods.Tempo\u003c/code\u003e is configured with a dedup store (\u003ccode\u003e\"store\"\u003c/code\u003e in \u003ccode\u003emethod_config\u003c/code\u003e). The default is \u003ccode\u003enil\u003c/code\u003e, which runs the library statelessly and provides no application-level replay protection at all, a documented property rather than part of this issue.\u003c/p\u003e"
            },
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/markdown",
              "value": "The race is only reachable when `MPP.Methods.Tempo` is configured with a dedup store (`\"store\"` in `method_config`). The default is `nil`, which runs the library statelessly and provides no application-level replay protection at all, a documented property rather than part of this issue."
            }
          ],
          "value": "The race is only reachable when MPP.Methods.Tempo is configured with a dedup store (\"store\" in method_config). The default is nil, which runs the library statelessly and provides no application-level replay protection at all, a documented property rather than part of this issue."
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:ZenHive:mpp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "0.6.1",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "0.2.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ],
          "operator": "AND"
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "analyst",
          "value": "Jonatan M\u00e4nnchen / EEF"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "E.FU"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "remediation developer",
          "value": "E.FU"
        }
      ],
      "datePublic": "2026-06-29T00:00:00.000Z",
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "\u003cp\u003eTime-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition in ZenHive mpp allows an unauthenticated remote client to redeem one confirmed on-chain payment for multiple paid-resource accesses.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ccode\u003etype=\"hash\"\u003c/code\u003e credential path in \u003ccode\u003eMPP.Methods.Tempo.verify/2\u003c/code\u003e guards against replay with a non-atomic check-then-mark sequence: \u003ccode\u003echeck_hash_unused/2\u003c/code\u003e reads the dedup store, an \u003ccode\u003eeth_getTransactionReceipt\u003c/code\u003e round trip verifies the payment on chain, and only then does \u003ccode\u003emark_hash_used/2\u003c/code\u003e write the mark. Concurrent requests carrying the same settled payment hash all pass the read before any of them writes, so each is issued a receipt. The store\u0027s atomic \u003ccode\u003echeck_and_mark/2\u003c/code\u003e primitive is available and used by the \u003ccode\u003etype=\"transaction\"\u003c/code\u003e path, but the hash path calls plain \u003ccode\u003eget\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode\u003eput\u003c/code\u003e even when the configured store implements it. Exploitation requires a dedup store to be configured; the default \u003ccode\u003enil\u003c/code\u003e store is stateless and documented as offering no replay protection at all.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis issue affects mpp: from 0.2.0 before 0.6.1.\u003c/p\u003e"
            },
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/markdown",
              "value": "Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition in ZenHive mpp allows an unauthenticated remote client to redeem one confirmed on-chain payment for multiple paid-resource accesses.\n\nThe `type=\"hash\"` credential path in `MPP.Methods.Tempo.verify/2` guards against replay with a non-atomic check-then-mark sequence: `check_hash_unused/2` reads the dedup store, an `eth_getTransactionReceipt` round trip verifies the payment on chain, and only then does `mark_hash_used/2` write the mark. Concurrent requests carrying the same settled payment hash all pass the read before any of them writes, so each is issued a receipt. The store\u0027s atomic `check_and_mark/2` primitive is available and used by the `type=\"transaction\"` path, but the hash path calls plain `get` and `put` even when the configured store implements it. Exploitation requires a dedup store to be configured; the default `nil` store is stateless and documented as offering no replay protection at all.\n\nThis issue affects mpp: from 0.2.0 before 0.6.1."
            }
          ],
          "value": "Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition in ZenHive mpp allows an unauthenticated remote client to redeem one confirmed on-chain payment for multiple paid-resource accesses.\n\nThe type=\"hash\" credential path in MPP.Methods.Tempo.verify/2 guards against replay with a non-atomic check-then-mark sequence: check_hash_unused/2 reads the dedup store, an eth_getTransactionReceipt round trip verifies the payment on chain, and only then does mark_hash_used/2 write the mark. Concurrent requests carrying the same settled payment hash all pass the read before any of them writes, so each is issued a receipt. The store\u0027s atomic check_and_mark/2 primitive is available and used by the type=\"transaction\" path, but the hash path calls plain get and put even when the configured store implements it. Exploitation requires a dedup store to be configured; the default nil store is stateless and documented as offering no replay protection at all.\n\nThis issue affects mpp: from 0.2.0 before 0.6.1."
        }
      ],
      "impacts": [
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-29",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CAPEC-29 Leveraging Time-of-Check and Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Conditions"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 6.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-367",
              "description": "CWE-367 Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-19T17:19:43.696Z",
        "orgId": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
        "shortName": "EEF"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory",
            "related"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/ZenHive/mpp/security/advisories/GHSA-w8j7-7qc3-5f24"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "related"
          ],
          "url": "https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-73829.html"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "related"
          ],
          "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-73829"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/ZenHive/mpp/commit/46c5b0e1311da7d92190dc7d9ea89027a1d365e9"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      },
      "title": "Non-atomic hash-credential dedup in mpp Tempo allows replay of a confirmed payment under a concurrent race"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
    "assignerShortName": "EEF",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-73829",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-19T17:19:43.696Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-17T11:15:02.320Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-19T18:58:33.322Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-73410 (GCVE-0-2026-73410)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-17 20:27 – Updated: 2026-08-17 22:01
VLAI
Title
Budibase: SSRF via DNS rebinding in the REST datasource integration
Summary
Budibase is an open-source low-code platform. Prior to 3.40.0, packages/backend-core/src/utils/outboundFetch.ts pinned a validated address through a Node agent, but the REST integration used getDispatcher from packages/backend-core/src/utils/fetch.ts, causing undici to ignore that agent and resolve the hostname again. A builder could use DNS rebinding to make packages/server/src/integrations/rest.ts connect to an internal address after a public address passed validation, with full response access and arbitrary REST methods. The fix adds createPinnedLookup support to the undici dispatcher and passes the validated address to custom fetch implementations. This issue is fixed in version 3.40.0.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-17 21:59 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
  • CWE-918 - Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Budibase budibase Affected: < 3.40.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-73410",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-08-17T21:59:12.000334Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-08-17T22:01:01.232Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "budibase",
          "vendor": "Budibase",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 3.40.0"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Budibase is an open-source low-code platform. Prior to 3.40.0, packages/backend-core/src/utils/outboundFetch.ts pinned a validated address through a Node agent, but the REST integration used getDispatcher from packages/backend-core/src/utils/fetch.ts, causing undici to ignore that agent and resolve the hostname again. A builder could use DNS rebinding to make packages/server/src/integrations/rest.ts connect to an internal address after a public address passed validation, with full response access and arbitrary REST methods. The fix adds createPinnedLookup support to the undici dispatcher and passes the validated address to custom fetch implementations. This issue is fixed in version 3.40.0."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 8.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "scope": "CHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-367",
              "description": "CWE-367: Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-918",
              "description": "CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-17T20:27:24.080Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/Budibase/budibase/security/advisories/GHSA-v42f-v8xc-j435",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/Budibase/budibase/security/advisories/GHSA-v42f-v8xc-j435"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/Budibase/budibase/commit/5758bdb242802ca20c4ed0dc579e4330ee898ef3",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/Budibase/budibase/commit/5758bdb242802ca20c4ed0dc579e4330ee898ef3"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-v42f-v8xc-j435",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Budibase: SSRF via DNS rebinding in the REST datasource integration"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-73410",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-17T20:27:24.080Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-12T14:32:11.795Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-17T22:01:01.232Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-73179 (GCVE-0-2026-73179)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-09 10:17 – Updated: 2026-10-15 16:10
VLAI
Title
Apache CXF: JPA authorization-code consume is non-atomic
Summary
Improper enforcement of single-use authorization code semantics in the JPA OAuth2 authorization code grant provider in Apache CXFallows a remote attacker to obtain multiple valid access tokens from a single authorization code via concurrent token exchange requests that race the non-atomic find-then-delete operation against a shared relational database under READ_COMMITTED isolation. Users are recommended to upgrade to versions 4.2.4 or 4.1.9 or 3.6.13, which fixes this issue.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-15 16:10 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
apache CNA
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Apache Software Foundation Apache CXF Affected: 4.2.0 , < 4.2.4 (semver)
Affected: 4.0.0 , < 4.1.9 (semver)
Affected: 0 , < 3.6.13 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-10-09T11:07:57.643Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/10/09/5"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      },
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
              "attackVector": "NETWORK",
              "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
              "baseScore": 8.1,
              "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
              "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
              "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
              "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "NONE",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
              "version": "3.1"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-73179",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-10-15T16:10:17.785126Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-10-15T16:10:24.401Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "packageName": "org.apache.cxf:cxf-rt-rs-security-oauth2",
          "packageURL": "pkg:maven/org.apache.cxf/cxf-rt-rs-security-oauth2",
          "product": "Apache CXF",
          "vendor": "Apache Software Foundation",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "4.2.4",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.2.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "4.1.9",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.0.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "3.6.13",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Guanping Zhang reported this vulnerability"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "Improper enforcement of single-use authorization code semantics in the JPA OAuth2 authorization code grant provider in Apache CXFallows a remote attacker to obtain multiple valid access tokens from a single authorization code via concurrent token exchange requests that race the non-atomic find-then-delete operation against a shared relational database under READ_COMMITTED isolation. Users are recommended to upgrade to versions 4.2.4 or 4.1.9 or 3.6.13, which fixes this issue."
            }
          ],
          "value": "Improper enforcement of single-use authorization code semantics in the JPA OAuth2 authorization code grant provider in Apache CXFallows a remote attacker to obtain multiple valid access tokens from a single authorization code via concurrent token exchange requests that race the non-atomic find-then-delete operation against a shared relational database under READ_COMMITTED isolation. Users are recommended to upgrade to versions 4.2.4 or 4.1.9 or 3.6.13, which fixes this issue."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "other": {
            "content": {
              "text": "low"
            },
            "type": "Textual description of severity"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-367",
              "description": "CWE-367 Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-10-09T10:17:41.123Z",
        "orgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09",
        "shortName": "apache"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/6msbm601o6ogfgdzdbtbrmgspmz50nxk"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Apache CXF: JPA authorization-code consume is non-atomic",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09",
    "assignerShortName": "apache",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-73179",
    "datePublished": "2026-10-09T10:17:41.123Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-11T10:44:12.783Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-15T16:10:24.401Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-72584 (GCVE-0-2026-72584)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-10 10:41 – Updated: 2026-08-10 13:14
VLAI
Title
fastschema - TOCTOU Race Condition Bypasses OTP Attempt Limit in Account Recovery
Summary
A time-of-check/time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition in fastschema through v0.15.1 allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to bypass the OTP attempt limit on the account recovery flow, enabling brute-force attacks on 6-digit OTP codes.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-10 13:13 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
TuranSec CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
fastschema fastschema Affected: 0 , ≤ 0.15.1 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-10 10:32
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-72584",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-08-10T13:13:37.167947Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-08-10T13:14:19.784Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unknown",
          "product": "fastschema",
          "vendor": "fastschema",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "0.15.1",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Komiljon Ayubov"
        }
      ],
      "datePublic": "2026-08-10T10:32:53.000Z",
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "\u003cp\u003eA time-of-check/time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition in fastschema through v0.15.1 allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to bypass the OTP attempt limit on the account recovery flow, enabling brute-force attacks on 6-digit OTP codes.\u003c/p\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "A time-of-check/time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition in fastschema through v0.15.1 allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to bypass the OTP attempt limit on the account recovery flow, enabling brute-force attacks on 6-digit OTP codes."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 7.4,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-367",
              "description": "CWE-367: Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-10T11:48:07.445Z",
        "orgId": "309f9ea4-e3e9-4c6c-b79d-e8eb01244f2c",
        "shortName": "TuranSec"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "Product",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/fastschema/fastschema"
        },
        {
          "name": "Vulnerable File",
          "tags": [
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/fastschema/fastschema/blob/main/pkg/auth/local.go"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      },
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-08-10T10:32:53.000Z",
          "value": "CVE Reserved"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-08-10T10:32:53.000Z",
          "value": "Public Disclosure"
        }
      ],
      "title": "fastschema - TOCTOU Race Condition Bypasses OTP Attempt Limit in Account Recovery"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "309f9ea4-e3e9-4c6c-b79d-e8eb01244f2c",
    "assignerShortName": "TuranSec",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-72584",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-10T10:41:27.492Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-10T10:32:53.854Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-10T13:14:19.784Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-71539 (GCVE-0-2026-71539)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-18 14:43 – Updated: 2026-08-19 03:56
VLAI
Title
n8n: Race Condition in Git Clone Node Allows Authenticated Users to Achieve Remote Code Execution
Summary
n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to 1.123.64, 2.29.8, and 2.30.1, the Git node clone operation allows an authenticated workflow user to swap a validated directory for a symlink before cloning, planting a crafted repository in the community node directory that loads as a custom JavaScript node after restart and executes arbitrary code on the server. This issue is fixed in versions 1.123.64, 2.29.8, and 2.30.1.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-18 00:00 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
n8n-io n8n Affected: < 1.123.64
Affected: >= 2.0.0-rc.0, < 2.29.8
Affected: >= 2.30.0, < 2.30.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-71539",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-08-18T00:00:00+00:00",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-08-19T03:56:17.986Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "n8n",
          "vendor": "n8n-io",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 1.123.64"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 2.0.0-rc.0, \u003c 2.29.8"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 2.30.0, \u003c 2.30.1"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to 1.123.64, 2.29.8, and 2.30.1, the Git node clone operation allows an authenticated workflow user to swap a validated directory for a symlink before cloning, planting a crafted repository in the community node directory that loads as a custom JavaScript node after restart and executes arbitrary code on the server. This issue is fixed in versions 1.123.64, 2.29.8, and 2.30.1."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 8.9,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:L/SA:L",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-367",
              "description": "CWE-367: Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-18T14:43:39.066Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-g3r5-9h93-4j2c",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-g3r5-9h93-4j2c"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@1.123.64",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@1.123.64"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@2.29.8",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@2.29.8"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@2.30.1",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@2.30.1"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-g3r5-9h93-4j2c",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "n8n: Race Condition in Git Clone Node Allows Authenticated Users to Achieve Remote Code Execution"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-71539",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-18T14:43:39.066Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-06T21:24:15.375Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-19T03:56:17.986Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

CVE-2026-71272 (GCVE-0-2026-71272)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-05 12:26 – Updated: 2026-08-10 11:46
VLAI
Title
Memos Webhook DNS Rebinding TOCTOU SSRF in safeDialContext()
Summary
Memos' webhook dispatch function safeDialContext (internal/webhook/webhook.go) resolves the target hostname via net.DefaultResolver.LookupHost and validates the resulting IPs against reserved ranges, but then dials net.JoinHostPort(host, port) using the original hostname rather than the already-validated IP address.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-05 15:54 UTC
CWE
Assigner
TuranSec CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
usememos memos Affected: 0 , ≤ 0.29.1 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-05 12:26
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-71272",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-08-05T15:54:35.331224Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T15:54:41.075Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "memos",
          "programFiles": [
            "internal/webhook/webhook.go"
          ],
          "vendor": "usememos",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "0.29.1",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Alibek Baxtiyorov"
        }
      ],
      "datePublic": "2026-08-05T12:26:19.395Z",
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "\u003cp\u003eMemos\u0027 webhook dispatch function safeDialContext (internal/webhook/webhook.go) resolves the target hostname via net.DefaultResolver.LookupHost and validates the resulting IPs against reserved ranges, but then dials net.JoinHostPort(host, port) using the original hostname rather than the already-validated IP address.\u003c/p\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "Memos\u0027 webhook dispatch function safeDialContext (internal/webhook/webhook.go) resolves the target hostname via net.DefaultResolver.LookupHost and validates the resulting IPs against reserved ranges, but then dials net.JoinHostPort(host, port) using the original hostname rather than the already-validated IP address."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 8.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "LOW",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "scope": "CHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-367",
              "description": "CWE-367",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-10T11:46:48.194Z",
        "orgId": "309f9ea4-e3e9-4c6c-b79d-e8eb01244f2c",
        "shortName": "TuranSec"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/usememos/memos"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/usememos/memos/blob/main/internal/webhook/webhook.go"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      },
      "title": "Memos Webhook DNS Rebinding TOCTOU SSRF in safeDialContext()"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "309f9ea4-e3e9-4c6c-b79d-e8eb01244f2c",
    "assignerShortName": "TuranSec",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-71272",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-05T12:26:19.395Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-05T12:23:34.967Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-10T11:46:48.194Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Mitigation
Implementation

The most basic advice for TOCTOU vulnerabilities is to not perform a check before the use. This does not resolve the underlying issue of the execution of a function on a resource whose state and identity cannot be assured, but it does help to limit the false sense of security given by the check.

Mitigation
Implementation

When the file being altered is owned by the current user and group, set the effective gid and uid to that of the current user and group when executing this statement.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Limit the interleaving of operations on files from multiple processes.

Mitigation
Implementation Architecture and Design

If you cannot perform operations atomically and you must share access to the resource between multiple processes or threads, then try to limit the amount of time (CPU cycles) between the check and use of the resource. This will not fix the problem, but it could make it more difficult for an attack to succeed.

Mitigation
Implementation

Recheck the resource after the use call to verify that the action was taken appropriately.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that some environmental locking mechanism can be used to protect resources effectively.

Mitigation
Implementation

Ensure that locking occurs before the check, as opposed to afterwards, such that the resource, as checked, is the same as it is when in use.

CAPEC-27: Leveraging Race Conditions via Symbolic Links

This attack leverages the use of symbolic links (Symlinks) in order to write to sensitive files. An attacker can create a Symlink link to a target file not otherwise accessible to them. When the privileged program tries to create a temporary file with the same name as the Symlink link, it will actually write to the target file pointed to by the attackers' Symlink link. If the attacker can insert malicious content in the temporary file they will be writing to the sensitive file by using the Symlink. The race occurs because the system checks if the temporary file exists, then creates the file. The attacker would typically create the Symlink during the interval between the check and the creation of the temporary file.

CAPEC-29: Leveraging Time-of-Check and Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Conditions

This attack targets a race condition occurring between the time of check (state) for a resource and the time of use of a resource. A typical example is file access. The adversary can leverage a file access race condition by "running the race", meaning that they would modify the resource between the first time the target program accesses the file and the time the target program uses the file. During that period of time, the adversary could replace or modify the file, causing the application to behave unexpectedly.