Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-306

Allowed

Missing Authentication for Critical Function

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product does not perform any authentication for functionality that requires a provable user identity or consumes a significant amount of resources.

2202 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-110619 (GCVE-0-2026-110619)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-14 14:16 – Updated: 2026-10-14 16:18
VLAI
Title
frp 0.41.0 through 0.71.1 Missing Authentication for pprof Debug Endpoints
Summary
frp 0.41.0 through 0.71.1 contains a missing authentication vulnerability that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to access pprof debug endpoints because handlers are registered on the root mux outside Basic Authentication. Attackers can query /debug/pprof/ endpoints on frps dashboard or frpc admin listeners to obtain cmdline, goroutine stacks, heap profiles, and trigger CPU profiling.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
4.8 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-14 16:18 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
fatedier frp Affected: 0.41.0 , ≤ 0.71.1 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:fatedier:frp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-10-14 00:00
Credits
hieuPenguinnn
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-110618 (GCVE-0-2026-110618)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-14 14:16 – Updated: 2026-10-16 17:16
VLAI
Title
SmsForwarder through 3.5.0 Missing Authentication in HTTP Server Remote Control API
Summary
SmsForwarder through 3.5.0 contains a missing authentication vulnerability in its AndServer HTTP server that allows unauthenticated network attackers to invoke remote-control APIs. Attackers can call the default-enabled endpoints to read SMS, call logs and contacts, send SMS, and export or overwrite configuration via the clone API.
Severity
8.6 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-16 16:35 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
pppscn SmsForwarder Affected: 0 , ≤ 3.5.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-10-14 00:00
Credits
hieuPenguinnn
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-110616 (GCVE-0-2026-110616)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-14 14:16 – Updated: 2026-10-20 01:14
VLAI
Title
NullHub through 2026.5.29 Missing Authentication for /api Management API
Summary
NullHub through 2026.5.29 contains a missing authentication vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to access the /api/* management API because the auth_token field defaults to null and is never assigned. Attackers sending requests without Authorization or Origin headers to non-loopback listeners can control agent instances, rewrite configurations including provider credentials, and manage cron jobs and MCP servers.
Severity
9.2 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-20 01:13 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
nullclaw NullHub Affected: 0 , ≤ 2026.5.29 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-10-14 00:00
Credits
hieuPenguinnn
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-110390 (GCVE-0-2026-110390)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-05 22:32 – Updated: 2026-11-05 22:32
VLAI
Title
FlexNet Beacon Missing Authentication Vulnerability
Summary
Missing authentication in the FlexNet Beacon component of Flexera One and FlexNet Manager Suite allows unauthenticated remote attackers to obtain Beacon policy and targeting information when anonymous web server access is enabled (the default).
Severity
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CWE
  • CWE-306 - Missing authentication for critical function
  • CWE-497 - Exposure of sensitive system information to an unauthorized control sphere
Assigner
flexera CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Flexera FlexNet Beacon Affected: 0 , < 26.4.1 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Flexera FlexNet Manager Suite Affected: 2026 R1 , < 2026 R2 (custom)
Affected: 2025 R2 , < 2026 R1 (custom)
Affected: 2025 R1 , < 2025 R2 (custom)
Affected: 0 , < 2025 R1 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-110128 (GCVE-0-2026-110128)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-13 16:53 – Updated: 2026-10-16 22:19
VLAI
Title
fuint through commit 4c4bc8a Missing Authentication via /clientApi/order/detail
Summary
fuint through commit 4c4bc8a contains a missing authentication vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to retrieve any member's order details via the /clientApi/order/detail endpoint. Attackers can enumerate sequential orderId values without an Access-Token to expose buyer names, national ID numbers, phone numbers, addresses, WeChat openIds and verification codes.
Severity
8.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-16 22:19 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
fushengqian fuint Affected: 0 , ≤ 4c4bc8a68e0a93d37c37ab374f72d64728c9e5f8 (git)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-10-13 00:00
Credits
hieuPenguinnn
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-110114 (GCVE-0-2026-110114)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-13 16:53 – Updated: 2026-10-14 15:46
VLAI
Title
oms-erp through PRE Missing Authentication via skyer-goods es-test Endpoints
Summary
FJ-OMS oms-erp through PRE contains a missing authentication vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to delete and rebuild product search indexes by calling public es-test maintenance endpoints in skyer-goods. Attackers can repeatedly request /v1/goods/sku/es-test to empty the shared goods_sku_index_01 index for all tenants and force full-table reloads, degrading search availability.
Severity
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-14 15:45 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
FJ-OMS oms-erp Affected: 0 , ≤ 34d8852bc51aadac8927bd6af706d70c8a407280 (git)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-10-13 00:00
Credits
hieuPenguinnn
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-109969 (GCVE-0-2026-109969)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-14 10:00 – Updated: 2026-11-05 16:20
VLAI
Title
Clevis: clevis: no authentication on pkcs#11 af_unix sockets allows key injection under permissive umask
Summary
A flaw was found in the clevis PKCS#11 pin. The clevis-pkcs11-afunix-socket-unlock daemon creates AF_UNIX sockets without explicit permission restrictions or peer credential verification. Under a permissive process umask, any local user can connect to the control socket and inject arbitrary device/key pairs, or connect to the data socket to receive LUKS passphrases.
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-19 19:05 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Functionality
Assigner
redhat CNA
References
URL Tags
https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-109969 vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2550361 issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-10-14 00:00
Credits
This issue was discovered by Sergio Correia (Red Hat).
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-109575 (GCVE-0-2026-109575)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-12 19:32 – Updated: 2026-10-13 15:59
VLAI
Summary
In HAProxy Data Plane API 2.2.0 through 3.4.3 (and corresponding Enterprise Edition releases), Server.ConfigureAPI() has process-global authentication logic that improperly drops security controls across multiple transport types. When a TLS Certificate Authority (tls_ca) is configured and a numeric TLS port (tls_port) is specified, the application globally disables Basic authentication on its shared internal request handler. Because this handler is shared concurrently among HTTP, HTTPS, and UNIX domain socket listeners, and mutual TLS (mTLS) client certificate verification (tls.RequireAndVerifyClientCert) is enforced exclusively on the HTTPS server path, all other simultaneously active non-mTLS listeners fail open. Consequently, an unauthenticated attacker capable of reaching an affected HTTP or UNIX management endpoint can completely bypass credentials to gain full API administrative access. This allows unauthorized remote or local actors to read sensitive, cleartext HAProxy configuration data or replace the managed configuration entirely via the raw configuration endpoint. This has been fixed in versions 3.4.4, 3.3.9, 3.2.17, 3.0.25, 2.9.29, and their respective EE backports by migrating to a per-request TLS connection-state validation model.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-13 15:59 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
Assigner
mitre CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
HAProxy Data Plane API EE Affected: 2.2.0-ee1 , ≤ 2.9.28-ee1 (custom)
Affected: 3.0-ee , ≤ 3.0.24-ee1 (custom)
Affected: 3.1-ee , ≤ 3.2.16-ee1 (custom)
Affected: 3.3-ee , ≤ 3.3.8-ee1 (custom)
Affected: 3.4-ee , ≤ 3.4.3-ee2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
HAProxy Data Plane API CE Affected: 2.2.0 , ≤ 2.9.28 (custom)
Affected: 3.0.0 , ≤ 3.0.24 (custom)
Affected: 3.1.0 , ≤ 3.2.16 (custom)
Affected: 3.3.0 , ≤ 3.3.8 (custom)
Affected: 3.4.0 , ≤ 3.4.3 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-109571 (GCVE-0-2026-109571)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-12 20:55 – Updated: 2026-10-26 16:46
VLAI
Title
Fire-Boltt BSW013 firmware through V0.0.8 Unauthenticated Heart Rate Disclosure via BLE
Summary
Fire-Boltt BSW013 smartwatch firmware through V0.0.8 contains a missing authentication vulnerability that allows unpaired BLE devices to subscribe to the Heart Rate Measurement characteristic (0x2A37). Attackers within Bluetooth range can receive the wearer's live heart rate readings without pairing, bonding, or any confirmation on the watch.
Severity
2.3 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-26 16:37 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Fire-Boltt BSW013 Affected: 0 , ≤ V0.0.8 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-04 00:00
Credits
Pratham A Gowda
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-109570 (GCVE-0-2026-109570)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-12 20:55 – Updated: 2026-10-13 14:03
VLAI
Title
Fire-Boltt BSW013 through V0.0.8 Unauthenticated BLE Notification Injection
Summary
Fire-Boltt BSW013 smartwatch firmware through V0.0.8 contains a missing authentication vulnerability that allows unpaired attackers to inject notifications by writing to the proprietary BLE command characteristic. Attackers within Bluetooth range can craft commands protected only by a CRC-16/ARC checksum to vibrate the watch and display spoofed alert text for phishing.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-13 14:03 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Fire-Boltt BSW013 Affected: 0 , ≤ V0.0.8 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-04 00:00
Credits
Pratham A Gowda
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{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-109570",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-10-13T14:03:14.152106Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-10-13T14:03:42.382Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "exploit"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/Pratham-16/fireboltt-Bsw013-BLE-vuln"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "BSW013",
          "vendor": "Fire-Boltt",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "V0.0.8",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Pratham A Gowda"
        }
      ],
      "datePublic": "2026-08-04T00:00:00.000Z",
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Fire-Boltt BSW013 smartwatch firmware through V0.0.8 contains a missing authentication vulnerability that allows unpaired attackers to inject notifications by writing to the proprietary BLE command characteristic. Attackers within Bluetooth range can craft commands protected only by a CRC-16/ARC checksum to vibrate the watch and display spoofed alert text for phishing."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "ADJACENT",
            "baseScore": 5.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW"
          },
          "format": "CVSS"
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 4.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "LOW",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS"
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-306",
              "description": "Missing Authentication for Critical Function",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-10-12T20:55:22.392Z",
        "orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
        "shortName": "VulnCheck"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "Researcher write-up and PoC",
          "tags": [
            "technical-description",
            "exploit"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/Pratham-16/fireboltt-Bsw013-BLE-vuln"
        },
        {
          "name": "VulnCheck Advisory: Fire-Boltt BSW013 through V0.0.8 Unauthenticated BLE Notification Injection",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/fire-boltt-bsw013-through-v0-0.8-unauthenticated-ble-notification-injection"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Fire-Boltt BSW013 through V0.0.8 Unauthenticated BLE Notification Injection",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "vulncheck-endgame"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
    "assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-109570",
    "datePublished": "2026-10-12T20:55:22.392Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-10-12T19:27:54.701Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-13T14:03:42.382Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the software into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Identify which of these areas require a proven user identity, and use a centralized authentication capability.
  • Identify all potential communication channels, or other means of interaction with the software, to ensure that all channels are appropriately protected, including those channels that are assumed to be accessible only by authorized parties. Developers sometimes perform authentication at the primary channel, but open up a secondary channel that is assumed to be private. For example, a login mechanism may be listening on one network port, but after successful authentication, it may open up a second port where it waits for the connection, but avoids authentication because it assumes that only the authenticated party will connect to the port.
  • In general, if the software or protocol allows a single session or user state to persist across multiple connections or channels, authentication and appropriate credential management need to be used throughout.
Mitigation MIT-15
Architecture and Design

For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Where possible, avoid implementing custom, "grow-your-own" authentication routines and consider using authentication capabilities as provided by the surrounding framework, operating system, or environment. These capabilities may avoid common weaknesses that are unique to authentication; support automatic auditing and tracking; and make it easier to provide a clear separation between authentication tasks and authorization tasks.
  • In environments such as the World Wide Web, the line between authentication and authorization is sometimes blurred. If custom authentication routines are required instead of those provided by the server, then these routines must be applied to every single page, since these pages could be requested directly.
Mitigation MIT-4.5
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using libraries with authentication capabilities such as OpenSSL or the ESAPI Authenticator [REF-45].
Mitigation
Implementation System Configuration Operation

When storing data in the cloud (e.g., S3 buckets, Azure blobs, Google Cloud Storage, etc.), use the provider's controls to require strong authentication for users who should be allowed to access the data [REF-1297] [REF-1298] [REF-1302].

CAPEC-12: Choosing Message Identifier

This pattern of attack is defined by the selection of messages distributed via multicast or public information channels that are intended for another client by determining the parameter value assigned to that client. This attack allows the adversary to gain access to potentially privileged information, and to possibly perpetrate other attacks through the distribution means by impersonation. If the channel/message being manipulated is an input rather than output mechanism for the system, (such as a command bus), this style of attack could be used to change the adversary's identifier to more a privileged one.

CAPEC-166: Force the System to Reset Values

An attacker forces the target into a previous state in order to leverage potential weaknesses in the target dependent upon a prior configuration or state-dependent factors. Even in cases where an attacker may not be able to directly control the configuration of the targeted application, they may be able to reset the configuration to a prior state since many applications implement reset functions.

CAPEC-216: Communication Channel Manipulation

An adversary manipulates a setting or parameter on communications channel in order to compromise its security. This can result in information exposure, insertion/removal of information from the communications stream, and/or potentially system compromise.

CAPEC-36: Using Unpublished Interfaces or Functionality

An adversary searches for and invokes interfaces or functionality that the target system designers did not intend to be publicly available. If interfaces fail to authenticate requests, the attacker may be able to invoke functionality they are not authorized for.

CAPEC-62: Cross Site Request Forgery

An attacker crafts malicious web links and distributes them (via web pages, email, etc.), typically in a targeted manner, hoping to induce users to click on the link and execute the malicious action against some third-party application. If successful, the action embedded in the malicious link will be processed and accepted by the targeted application with the users' privilege level. This type of attack leverages the persistence and implicit trust placed in user session cookies by many web applications today. In such an architecture, once the user authenticates to an application and a session cookie is created on the user's system, all following transactions for that session are authenticated using that cookie including potential actions initiated by an attacker and simply "riding" the existing session cookie.

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