Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-284

Discouraged

Improper Access Control

Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete

The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.

3636 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-76478 (GCVE-0-2026-76478)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-21 16:15 – Updated: 2026-11-07 17:29
VLAI
Title
Cisco Unified Communications Products Hardening Release: October 2026 - Improper Access Control Vulnerabilities
Summary
As part of Cisco's ongoing commitment to proactive security and product quality, engineering teams for Cisco Emergency Responder, Cisco Prime Collaboration Deployment, Cisco Unified Communications Manager (Unified CM), Cisco Unified Communications Manager IM & Presence Service (Unified CM IM&P), Cisco Unified Communications Manager Session Management Edition (Unified CM SME), and Cisco Unity Connection have conducted a comprehensive internal security review. This review resulted in software hardening releases that address multiple internally discovered vulnerabilities. The vulnerabilities tracked by CVE-2026-76478 are related to improper access control issues that are grouped under the Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) Pillar CWE-284.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-21 00:00 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-284 - Improper Access Control
Assigner
cisco CNA
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Cisco Cisco Emergency Responder Affected: 14
Affected: 14SU1
Affected: 14SU2
Affected: 14SU3
Affected: 14SU3a
Affected: 15
Affected: 15SU1
Affected: 15SU1a
Affected: 14SU4
Affected: 15SU2
Affected: 15SU3
Affected: 14SU5
Affected: 15SU4
Affected: 14SU6
Create a notification for this product.
Cisco Cisco Unified Communications Manager Affected: 14
Affected: 14SU1
Affected: 14SU2
Affected: 14SU3
Affected: 15
Affected: 15SU1
Affected: 14SU4
Affected: 14SU4a
Affected: 15SU1a
Affected: 15SU2
Affected: 15.0.1.13010-1
Affected: 15.0.1.13011-1
Affected: 15.0.1.13012-1
Affected: 15.0.1.13013-1
Affected: 15.0.1.13014-1
Affected: 15.0.1.13015-1
Affected: 15.0.1.13016-1
Affected: 15.0.1.13017-1
Affected: 15SU3a
Affected: 14SU5
Affected: 15SU4
Affected: 15SU4a
Affected: 14SU6
Create a notification for this product.
Cisco Cisco Unified Communications Manager IM and Presence Service Affected: 14
Affected: 14SU1
Affected: 14SU2
Affected: 14SU2a
Affected: 14SU3
Affected: 15
Affected: 15SU1
Affected: 14SU4
Affected: 15SU2
Affected: 15SU3
Affected: 14SU5
Affected: 15SU4
Affected: 14SU6
Create a notification for this product.
Cisco Cisco Unity Connection Affected: 14
Affected: 14SU1
Affected: 14SU2
Affected: 14SU3
Affected: 14SU3a
Affected: 15
Affected: 15SU1
Affected: 14SU4
Affected: 15SU2
Affected: 15SU3
Affected: 14SU5
Affected: 15SU4
Affected: 14SU6
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-76463 (GCVE-0-2026-76463)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-07 16:18 – Updated: 2026-11-07 17:29
VLAI
Title
Cisco Meraki Security Hardening Release: October 2026 - Improper Access Control Vulnerabilities
Summary
As part of Cisco's ongoing commitment to proactive security and product quality, the Cisco networking engineering team has conducted a comprehensive internal security review. This review resulted in a software hardening release that addresses multiple internally discovered vulnerabilities. The vulnerabilities tracked by CVE-2026-76463 are related to improper access control issues that are grouped under the Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) CWE-284.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-07 19:17 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-284 - Improper Access Control
Assigner
cisco CNA
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Cisco Cisco Campus Gateway Software Affected: CG 33.1.3
Create a notification for this product.
Cisco Cisco Meraki MR Wireless Access Points Software Affected: MR 33.1.2
Affected: MR 30.6
Affected: MR 32.1.7
Affected: MR 32.2.3
Affected: MR 32.2.4
Affected: MR 33.1.1
Create a notification for this product.
Cisco Cisco Meraki MV Firmware Affected: 4.20
Affected: 5.0
Affected: 5.1
Affected: 5.2
Affected: 5.3
Affected: 5.4
Affected: 5.4.1
Affected: 5.5
Affected: 5.5.1
Affected: 5.6
Affected: 5.6.1
Affected: 6.0
Affected: 6.0.1
Affected: 5.6.2
Affected: 6.0.2
Affected: 6.1
Affected: 6.1.1
Affected: 6.1.2
Affected: 6.2
Affected: 6.2.1
Affected: 6.2.2
Affected: 6.3
Affected: 6.3.2
Affected: 2.0
Affected: 2.1
Affected: 2.2
Affected: 3.0
Affected: 3.1
Affected: 3.2
Affected: 3.3
Affected: 3.4
Affected: 3.5
Affected: 3.6
Affected: 3.7
Affected: 3.8
Affected: 3.9
Affected: 3.10
Affected: 3.11
Affected: 3.12
Affected: 3.13
Affected: 3.14
Affected: 3.15
Affected: 3.16
Affected: 3.17
Affected: 3.18
Affected: 3.19
Affected: 3.20
Affected: 3.21
Affected: 3.22
Affected: 3.23
Affected: 3.24
Affected: 3.25
Affected: 3.26
Affected: 3.27
Affected: 3.28
Affected: 3.29
Affected: 3.30
Affected: 3.31
Affected: 3.32
Affected: 3.33
Affected: 3.34
Affected: 3.35
Affected: 3.36
Affected: 4.0
Affected: 4.1
Affected: 4.2
Affected: 4.3
Affected: 4.4
Affected: 4.5
Affected: 4.6
Affected: 4.7
Affected: 4.8
Affected: 4.9
Affected: 4.10
Affected: 4.11
Affected: 4.12
Affected: 4.13
Affected: 4.14
Affected: 4.15
Affected: 4.16
Affected: 4.17
Affected: 4.18
Affected: 4.18.1
Affected: 4.19
Affected: MV 7.3
Affected: MV 7.3.1
Affected: MV 7.3.2
Affected: MV 7.2.1
Affected: MV 7.2.2
Create a notification for this product.
Cisco Cisco Meraki MX Firmware Affected: 16.2
Affected: 16.3
Affected: 16.4
Affected: 16.5
Affected: 16.6
Affected: 17.3
Affected: 17.6
Affected: 17.7
Affected: 17.8
Affected: 17.9
Affected: 17.10
Affected: 18.1
Affected: 18.2
Affected: 19.1
Affected: MX 18.211.2
Affected: MX 26.2.1
Affected: MX 19.2.8
Affected: MX 26.2.2
Affected: MX 26.1.4
Affected: MX 26.1.5
Affected: MX 26.1.6
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-76455 (GCVE-0-2026-76455)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-07 16:15 – Updated: 2026-11-07 17:29
VLAI
Title
Cisco NX-OS Software Security Hardening Release: October 2026 - Improper Access Control Vulnerabilities
Summary
As part of Cisco's ongoing commitment to proactive security and product quality, the Cisco NX-OS engineering team has conducted a comprehensive internal security review. This review resulted in a software hardening release that addresses multiple internally discovered vulnerabilities. The vulnerabilities tracked by CVE-2026-76455 are related to improper access control issues that are grouped under the Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) CWE-284.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-07 00:00 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-284 - Improper Access Control
Assigner
cisco CNA
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Cisco Cisco NX-OS Software Affected: 8.2(5)
Affected: 7.3(5)D1(1)
Affected: 8.4(2)
Affected: 8.4(3)
Affected: 9.2(3)
Affected: 8.2(1)
Affected: 7.3(1)D1(1)
Affected: 9.2(2v)
Affected: 7.3(0)D1(1)
Affected: 7.3(4)D1(1)
Affected: 9.2(1)
Affected: 9.2(2t)
Affected: 9.2(3y)
Affected: 9.3(2)
Affected: 7.3(1)DY(1)
Affected: 8.1(1)
Affected: 8.2(2)
Affected: 8.3(2)
Affected: 7.3(2)D1(3a)
Affected: 9.2(4)
Affected: 8.1(2)
Affected: 7.3(3)D1(1)
Affected: 8.2(3)
Affected: 8.3(1)
Affected: 8.4(1)
Affected: 8.1(1b)
Affected: 7.3(0)DX(1)
Affected: 7.3(2)D1(1)
Affected: 9.3(1)
Affected: 7.3(2)D1(2)
Affected: 8.2(4)
Affected: 7.3(0)DY(1)
Affected: 9.3(1z)
Affected: 9.2(2)
Affected: 8.1(2a)
Affected: 7.3(2)D1(3)
Affected: 8.1(1a)
Affected: 8.4(1a)
Affected: 9.3(3)
Affected: 7.3(2)D1(1d)
Affected: 9.3(4)
Affected: 7.3(6)D1(1)
Affected: 8.2(6)
Affected: 9.3(5)
Affected: 8.4(2a)
Affected: 8.4(2b)
Affected: 8.5(1)
Affected: 9.3(6)
Affected: 8.4(4)
Affected: 7.3(7)D1(1)
Affected: 8.4(2c)
Affected: 9.3(5w)
Affected: 8.2(7)
Affected: 9.3(7)
Affected: 9.3(7k)
Affected: 7.3(8)D1(1)
Affected: 9.3(7a)
Affected: 8.2(7a)
Affected: 9.3(8)
Affected: 8.4(4a)
Affected: 8.4(2d)
Affected: 8.4(5)
Affected: 8.2(8)
Affected: 9.3(9)
Affected: 7.3(9)D1(1)
Affected: 8.4(6)
Affected: 8.4(2e)
Affected: 9.3(10)
Affected: 9.2(1a)
Affected: 8.2(9)
Affected: 10.3(1)
Affected: 8.4(7)
Affected: 10.3(2)
Affected: 8.4(6a)
Affected: 9.3(11)
Affected: 10.3(3)
Affected: 9.4(1)
Affected: 9.3(2a)
Affected: 8.4(2f)
Affected: 8.2(10)
Affected: 9.3(12)
Affected: 10.4(1)
Affected: 8.4(8)
Affected: 10.3(99w)
Affected: 10.3(3w)
Affected: 10.3(99x)
Affected: 10.3(3o)
Affected: 8.4(9)
Affected: 10.3(4)
Affected: 10.3(3p)
Affected: 10.3(4a)
Affected: 9.4(1a)
Affected: 10.4(2)
Affected: 10.3(3q)
Affected: 9.3(13)
Affected: 8.2(11)
Affected: 9.4(2)
Affected: 10.3(5)
Affected: 10.4(3)
Affected: 10.3(3x)
Affected: 10.3(4g)
Affected: 10.5(1)
Affected: 8.4(10)
Affected: 9.4(2a)
Affected: 10.3(3r)
Affected: 10.3(6)
Affected: 9.3(14)
Affected: 10.4(4)
Affected: 10.3(4h)
Affected: 10.5(2)
Affected: 10.5(1j)
Affected: 8.4(11)
Affected: 9.4(3)
Affected: 10.3(7)
Affected: 10.4(5)
Affected: 10.5(3)
Affected: 9.3(15)
Affected: 9.4(3a)
Affected: 10.4(4g)
Affected: 10.5(4)
Affected: 9.4(3b)
Affected: 8.4(12)
Affected: 10.6(1)
Affected: 10.5(3t)
Affected: 10.3(8)
Affected: 10.4(6)
Affected: 10.5(3s)
Affected: 10.5(3e)
Affected: 9.4(4)
Affected: 10.5(3o)
Affected: 9.3(16)
Affected: 10.6(1s)
Affected: 10.6(2)
Affected: 10.5(3p)
Affected: 9.4(5)
Affected: 10.3(9)
Affected: 10.6(2s)
Affected: 8.4(13)
Affected: 10.6(3)
Affected: 10.4(7)
Affected: 10.5(5)
Affected: 9.3(17)
Affected: 10.6(2n)
Affected: 10.6(3q)
Affected: 10.6(3o)
Affected: 10.6(3s)
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Cisco Cisco NX-OS System Software in ACI Mode Affected: 15.2(1g)
Affected: 15.2(2e)
Affected: 15.2(2f)
Affected: 15.2(2g)
Affected: 15.2(2h)
Affected: 15.2(3f)
Affected: 15.2(3e)
Affected: 15.2(3g)
Affected: 15.2(4d)
Affected: 15.2(4e)
Affected: 15.2(5c)
Affected: 15.2(5d)
Affected: 16.0(1g)
Affected: 15.2(5e)
Affected: 15.2(4f)
Affected: 15.2(6e)
Affected: 15.2(6h)
Affected: 16.0(1j)
Affected: 15.2(6g)
Affected: 15.2(7f)
Affected: 15.2(7g)
Affected: 16.0(2h)
Affected: 15.2(8d)
Affected: 16.0(2j)
Affected: 15.2(8e)
Affected: 16.0(3d)
Affected: 16.0(3e)
Affected: 15.2(8f)
Affected: 15.2(8g)
Affected: 15.3(1d)
Affected: 15.2(8h)
Affected: 16.0(4c)
Affected: 15.3(2a)
Affected: 15.2(8i)
Affected: 16.0(5h)
Affected: 15.3(2b)
Affected: 16.0(3g)
Affected: 16.0(5j)
Affected: 15.3(2c)
Affected: 16.0(6c)
Affected: 15.3(2d)
Affected: 16.1(1f)
Affected: 16.0(7e)
Affected: 16.0(8e)
Affected: 15.3(2e)
Affected: 16.0(8f)
Affected: 16.1(2f)
Affected: 16.1(2g)
Affected: 15.3(2f)
Affected: 16.0(9c)
Affected: 16.1(3f)
Affected: 16.0(9d)
Affected: 16.0(6h)
Affected: 16.0(8h)
Affected: 16.1(3g)
Affected: 16.0(9e)
Affected: 16.1(4h)
Affected: 16.1(5e)
Affected: 16.2(1g)
Affected: 16.0(9f)
Affected: 16.2(2e)
Create a notification for this product.
Cisco Cisco Unified Computing System (Managed) Affected: 4.0(1a)
Affected: 4.1(1d)
Affected: 4.0(4f)
Affected: 4.0(4c)
Affected: 4.0(2b)
Affected: 4.1(2a)
Affected: 4.0(4a)
Affected: 4.0(4e)
Affected: 4.0(4h)
Affected: 4.0(2a)
Affected: 4.1(1c)
Affected: 4.0(1b)
Affected: 4.1(1e)
Affected: 4.0(4d)
Affected: 4.0(4b)
Affected: 4.0(2e)
Affected: 4.1(1a)
Affected: 4.0(4g)
Affected: 4.0(1d)
Affected: 4.0(1c)
Affected: 4.0(4i)
Affected: 4.0(2d)
Affected: 4.1(1b)
Affected: 4.1(2b)
Affected: 4.0(4k)
Affected: 4.1(3a)
Affected: 4.1(3b)
Affected: 4.1(2c)
Affected: 4.0(4l)
Affected: 4.1(4a)
Affected: 4.1(3c)
Affected: 4.1(3d)
Affected: 4.2(1c)
Affected: 4.2(1d)
Affected: 4.0(4m)
Affected: 4.1(3e)
Affected: 4.2(1f)
Affected: 4.1(3f)
Affected: 4.2(1i)
Affected: 4.1(3h)
Affected: 4.2(1k)
Affected: 4.2(1l)
Affected: 4.0(4n)
Affected: 4.2(1m)
Affected: 4.1(3i)
Affected: 4.2(2a)
Affected: 4.2(1n)
Affected: 4.1(3j)
Affected: 4.2(2c)
Affected: 4.2(2d)
Affected: 4.2(3b)
Affected: 4.1(3k)
Affected: 4.0(4o)
Affected: 4.2(2e)
Affected: 4.2(3d)
Affected: 4.2(3e)
Affected: 4.2(3g)
Affected: 4.1(3l)
Affected: 4.3(2b)
Affected: 4.2(3h)
Affected: 4.2(3i)
Affected: 4.3(2c)
Affected: 4.1(3m)
Affected: 4.3(2e)
Affected: 4.3(3a)
Affected: 4.2(3j)
Affected: 4.3(3c)
Affected: 4.3(4a)
Affected: 4.2(3k)
Affected: 4.3(4b)
Affected: 4.3(4c)
Affected: 4.2(3l)
Affected: 4.3(4d)
Affected: 4.3(2f)
Affected: 4.2(3m)
Affected: 4.3(5a)
Affected: 4.3(4e)
Affected: 4.1(3n)
Affected: 4.3(4f)
Affected: 4.2(3n)
Affected: 4.3(5c)
Affected: 4.2(3o)
Affected: 4.3(5d)
Affected: 4.3(6a)
Affected: 4.3(6b)
Affected: 4.3(5e)
Affected: 4.3(6c)
Affected: 4.2(3p)
Affected: 6.0(1b)
Affected: 6.0(1c)
Affected: 4.3(6d)
Affected: 6.0(1d)
Affected: 6.0(1e)
Affected: 4.3(6e)
Affected: 6.0(1f)
Affected: 4.3(6f)
Affected: 6.0(2b)
Affected: 6.0(1h)
Affected: 4.2(3r)
Affected: 6.0(2c)
Affected: 4.3(6g)
Affected: 6.0(2d)
Affected: 4.3(6h)
Affected: 4.2(3s)
Affected: 4.3(6i)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.3(0)D1(1)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.3(4)D1(1)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.2(1)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.2(2t)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.2(3y)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.3(2)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.3(1)DY(1)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.1(1)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.2(2)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.3(2)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.3(2)D1(3a)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.2(4)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.1(2)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.3(3)D1(1)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.2(3)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.3(1)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.4(1)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.1(1b)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.3(0)DX(1)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.3(2)D1(1)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.3(1)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.3(2)D1(2)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.2(4)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.3(0)DY(1)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.3(1z)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.2(2)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.1(2a)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.3(2)D1(3)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.1(1a)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.4(1a)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.3(3)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.3(2)D1(1d)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.3(4)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.3(6)D1(1)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.2(6)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.3(5)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.4(2a)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.4(2b)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.5(1)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.3(6)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.4(4)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.3(7)D1(1)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.4(2c)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.3(5w)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.2(7)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.3(7)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.3(7k)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.3(8)D1(1)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.3(7a)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.2(7a)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.3(8)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.4(4a)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.4(2d)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.4(5)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.2(8)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.3(9)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.3(9)D1(1)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.4(6)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.4(2e)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.3(10)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.2(1a)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.2(9)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.3(1)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.4(7)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.3(2)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.4(6a)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.3(11)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.3(3)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.4(1)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.3(2a)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.4(2f)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.2(10)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.3(12)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.4(1)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.4(8)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.3(99w)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.3(3w)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.3(99x)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.3(3o)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.4(9)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.3(4)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.3(3p)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.3(4a)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.4(1a)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.4(2)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.3(3q)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.3(13)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.2(11)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.4(2)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.3(5)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.4(3)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.3(3x)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.3(4g)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.5(1)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.4(10)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.4(2a)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.3(3r)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.3(6)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.3(14)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.4(4)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.3(4h)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.5(2)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
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            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.4(11)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.4(3)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.3(7)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.4(5)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.5(3)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.3(15)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.4(3a)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.4(4g)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.5(4)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.4(3b)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.4(12)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.6(1)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.5(3t)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.3(8)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.4(6)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.5(3s)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.5(3e)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.4(4)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.5(3o)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.3(16)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.6(1s)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.6(2)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.5(3p)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.4(5)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.3(9)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.6(2s)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8.4(13)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.6(3)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.4(7)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.5(5)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.3(17)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.6(2n)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.6(3q)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.6(3o)"
            },
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "10.6(3s)"
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          "product": "Cisco NX-OS System Software in ACI Mode",
          "vendor": "Cisco",
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "15.2(1g)"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "15.2(2e)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "15.2(2f)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "15.2(2g)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "15.2(2h)"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "15.2(3f)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "15.2(3e)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "15.2(3g)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "15.2(4d)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "15.2(4e)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "15.2(5c)"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "16.0(1g)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "15.2(5e)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
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            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "15.2(6e)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
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            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "16.0(1j)"
            },
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              "status": "affected",
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            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
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            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
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            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
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            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
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            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
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            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "15.2(8e)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "16.0(3d)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "16.0(3e)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "15.2(8f)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
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            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
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            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
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            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "16.0(4c)"
            },
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "15.3(2a)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "15.2(8i)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "16.0(5h)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "15.3(2b)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "16.0(3g)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
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            },
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "15.3(2c)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "16.0(6c)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "15.3(2d)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "16.1(1f)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "16.0(7e)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "16.0(8e)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "15.3(2e)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
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            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "16.1(2f)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
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            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "15.3(2f)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "16.0(9c)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "16.1(3f)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "16.0(9d)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "16.0(6h)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "16.0(8h)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
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            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
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            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "16.1(4h)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "16.1(5e)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "16.2(1g)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "16.0(9f)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "16.2(2e)"
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          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unknown",
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          "vendor": "Cisco",
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.0(1a)"
            },
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.1(1d)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.0(4f)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
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            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
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            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
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            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.0(4h)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.0(2a)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.1(1c)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.0(1b)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.1(1e)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.0(4d)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.0(4b)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
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            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.0(1d)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.0(1c)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.0(4i)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.0(2d)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.1(1b)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.1(2b)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.0(4k)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.1(3a)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.1(3b)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.1(2c)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.0(4l)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.1(4a)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.1(3c)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.1(3d)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.2(1c)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.2(1d)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.0(4m)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.1(3e)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.2(1f)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.1(3f)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.2(1i)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.1(3h)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.2(1k)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.2(1l)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.0(4n)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.2(1m)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.1(3i)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.2(2a)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.2(1n)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.1(3j)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.2(2c)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.2(2d)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.2(3b)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.1(3k)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.0(4o)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.2(2e)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.2(3d)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.2(3e)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.2(3g)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.1(3l)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.3(2b)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.2(3h)"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.2(3i)"
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CVE-2026-76441 (GCVE-0-2026-76441)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-14 16:08 – Updated: 2026-09-15 17:03
VLAI
Title
Cisco Secure Email Gateway Security Hardening Release
Summary
As part of Cisco's ongoing commitment to proactive security and product quality, the Cisco Secure Email Gateway and Cisco Secure Email and Web Manager engineering team has conducted a comprehensive internal security review. This review resulted in software hardening releases that address multiple internally discovered vulnerabilities. The vulnerabilities tracked by CVE-2026-76441 are related to issues with improper access control that are grouped under the Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) Pillar CWE-284.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-15 03:56 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-284 - Improper Access Control
Assigner
cisco CNA
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Cisco Cisco Secure Email and Web Manager Affected: 13.6.2-023
Affected: 13.6.2-078
Affected: 13.0.0-249
Affected: 13.0.0-277
Affected: 13.8.1-052
Affected: 13.8.1-068
Affected: 13.8.1-074
Affected: 14.0.0-404
Affected: 12.8.1-002
Affected: 14.1.0-227
Affected: 13.6.1-201
Affected: 14.2.0-203
Affected: 14.2.0-212
Affected: 12.8.1-021
Affected: 13.8.1-108
Affected: 14.2.0-224
Affected: 14.3.0-120
Affected: 15.0.0-334
Affected: 15.5.1-024
Affected: 15.5.1-029
Affected: 15.5.2-005
Affected: 16.0.0-195
Affected: 15.5.3-017
Affected: 16.0.1-010
Affected: 15.0.1-035
Affected: 16.0.2-088
Affected: 15.5.4-007
Affected: 15.0.2-007
Affected: 16.0.4-010
Affected: 16.0.3-016
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-76407 (GCVE-0-2026-76407)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-21 22:52 – Updated: 2026-11-02 21:10
VLAI
Title
Improper Access Control in Splunk SOAR
Summary
As part of Cisco's ongoing commitment to proactive security and product quality, Cisco has conducted a comprehensive internal security review. This review resulted in a software hardening release that addresses multiple internally discovered vulnerabilities. The vulnerabilities tracked by CVE-2026-76407 are related to improper access control and are grouped under the Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) CWE-284.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-02 21:10 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-284 - The software does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.
Assigner
cisco CNA
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Splunk Splunk SOAR Affected: 0 , < 8.7.0 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-10-21 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-76345 (GCVE-0-2026-76345)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 21:34 – Updated: 2026-08-20 16:27
VLAI
Title
Remote Code Execution (RCE) through the REST API in Splunk Enterprise
Summary
In Splunk Enterprise versions below 10.4.2, a user with a high-privilege Splunk role that can manage search head clustering could use the search head cluster member bundle Representational State Transfer (REST) API to write files to locations that the user account running Splunk Enterprise can write to, which could allow for remote code execution. Successful exploitation could result in access to all relevant data and could affect the integrity and availability of the Splunk deployment. The vulnerability does not affect Splunk Enterprise versions below 10.4. The vulnerability is possible because the search head cluster member bundle REST API does not enforce the expected authorization boundary and does not validate bundle paths before accepting bundle content. For more information see Using the REST API reference (https://help.splunk.com/en/splunk-enterprise/rest-api-reference/10.2/introduction/using-the-rest-api-reference), About configuring role-based user access (https://help.splunk.com/en/splunk-enterprise/administer/manage-users-and-security/10.2/manage-splunk-platform-users-and-roles/about-configuring-role-based-user-access), and About distributed search (https://help.splunk.com/en/splunk-enterprise/administer/distributed-search/9.4/overview-of-distributed-search/about-distributed-search) in the Splunk documentation.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-20 16:16 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-284 - The software does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.
Assigner
cisco CNA
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Splunk Splunk Enterprise Affected: 10.4 , < 10.4.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-19 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-76313 (GCVE-0-2026-76313)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 21:34 – Updated: 2026-08-27 16:24
VLAI
Title
Remote Code Execution (RCE) through the REST API in Splunk Enterprise
Summary
In Splunk Enterprise versions below 10.4.2, 10.2.6, 10.0.9, and 9.4.14, a user who does not hold the "admin" or "power" Splunk roles could perform Remote Code Execution (RCE) by uploading a malicious knowledge bundle and causing it to be used by distributed search, which can allow for access to all relevant data and affect system integrity and availability. The vulnerability is possible because the Representational State Transfer (REST) API endpoint for knowledge bundle upload does not require the high-privilege capability edit_dist_peer, and distributed search accepts caller-supplied knowledge bundle selections from users who do not hold that capability. For more information see What search heads send to search peers (https://help.splunk.com/en/splunk-enterprise/administer/distributed-search/9.2/knowledge-bundle-replication/what-search-heads-send-to-search-peers), About configuring role-based user access (https://help.splunk.com/en/splunk-enterprise/administer/manage-users-and-security/9.0/manage-splunk-platform-users-and-roles/about-configuring-role-based-user-access), Define roles on the Splunk platform with capabilities (https://help.splunk.com/en/splunk-enterprise/administer/manage-users-and-security/9.1/manage-splunk-platform-users-and-roles/define-roles-on-the-splunk-platform-with-capabilities), and Using the REST API reference (https://help.splunk.com/en/splunk-enterprise/rest-api-reference/10.4/introduction/using-the-rest-api-reference) in the Splunk documentation.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-21 03:56 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-284 - The software does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.
Assigner
cisco CNA
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Splunk Splunk Enterprise Affected: 10.4 , < 10.4.2 (custom)
Affected: 10.2 , < 10.2.6 (custom)
Affected: 10.0 , < 10.0.9 (custom)
Affected: 9.4 , < 9.4.14 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-19 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-76312 (GCVE-0-2026-76312)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 21:34 – Updated: 2026-08-27 16:24
VLAI
Title
Improper Access Control through Embedded Reports in Splunk Enterprise
Summary
In Splunk Enterprise versions below 10.4.1, 10.2.6, 10.0.9, and 9.4.14, an unauthenticated user who can read the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) source of a page that embeds a Splunk report could use exposed session material to access all relevant data and affect system integrity. The vulnerability is possible because the dispatch archive download path does not correctly enforce the embedded-report authorization boundary and includes sensitive session material in archived search-job data. For more information see Additional configuration for embedded reports (https://help.splunk.com/en/splunk-enterprise/create-dashboards-and-reports/reporting-manual/10.4/report-management/additional-configuration-for-embedded-reports) and Embed scheduled reports (https://help.splunk.com/en/splunk-enterprise/create-dashboards-and-reports/reporting-manual/10.4/report-management/embed-scheduled-reports) in the Splunk documentation.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-21 03:56 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-284 - The software does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.
Assigner
cisco CNA
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Splunk Splunk Enterprise Affected: 10.4 , < 10.4.1 (custom)
Affected: 10.2 , < 10.2.6 (custom)
Affected: 10.0 , < 10.0.9 (custom)
Affected: 9.4 , < 9.4.14 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-19 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-76311 (GCVE-0-2026-76311)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 21:34 – Updated: 2026-08-27 16:24
VLAI
Title
Improper Access Control in Embedded Report Dispatch Archives in Splunk Enterprise
Summary
In Splunk Enterprise versions below 10.4.2, 10.2.6, 10.0.9, and 9.4.14, an unauthenticated user who has an embedded report token could download the dispatch archive for an embedded report search job and use exposed session material to access all relevant data and affect system integrity on the Splunk platform instance. The vulnerability is possible because the embedded report authorization flow does not block dispatch archive download requests before Splunk Enterprise begins sending the archive to the requester. For more information see Additional configuration for embedded reports (https://help.splunk.com/en/splunk-enterprise/create-dashboards-and-reports/reporting-manual/10.4/report-management/additional-configuration-for-embedded-reports) and Embed scheduled reports (https://help.splunk.com/en/splunk-enterprise/create-dashboards-and-reports/reporting-manual/10.4/report-management/embed-scheduled-reports) in the Splunk documentation.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-21 03:57 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-284 - The software does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.
Assigner
cisco CNA
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Splunk Splunk Enterprise Affected: 10.4 , < 10.4.2 (custom)
Affected: 10.2 , < 10.2.6 (custom)
Affected: 10.0 , < 10.0.9 (custom)
Affected: 9.4 , < 9.4.14 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-19 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-76310 (GCVE-0-2026-76310)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 21:34 – Updated: 2026-08-27 16:24
VLAI
Title
Improper Access Control through Embedded Report REST API Requests in Splunk Enterprise
Summary
In Splunk Enterprise versions below 10.4.2, 10.2.6, 10.0.9, and 9.4.14, an unauthenticated user who has an embedded report token could download the associated search job dispatch archive, recover session material, and use it to access all relevant data available to the report owner and affect system integrity, including by performing administrative actions when the owner holds the "admin" Splunk role. The vulnerability is possible because embedded report access does not block Representational State Transfer (REST) API dispatch archive download requests. For more information see Additional configuration for embedded reports (https://help.splunk.com/en/splunk-enterprise/create-dashboards-and-reports/reporting-manual/9.1/report-management/additional-configuration-for-embedded-reports) and About configuring role-based user access (https://help.splunk.com/en/splunk-enterprise/administer/manage-users-and-security/10.4/manage-splunk-platform-users-and-roles/about-configuring-role-based-user-access) in the Splunk documentation.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-21 03:57 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-284 - The software does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.
Assigner
cisco CNA
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Splunk Splunk Enterprise Affected: 10.4 , < 10.4.2 (custom)
Affected: 10.2 , < 10.2.6 (custom)
Affected: 10.0 , < 10.0.9 (custom)
Affected: 9.4 , < 9.4.14 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-19 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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Mitigation MIT-1
Architecture and Design Operation

Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.

Mitigation MIT-46
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Separation of Privilege

  • Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
  • Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts

An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.

CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion

An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.

CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration

An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.

CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate

An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.

CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof

An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.

CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure

An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.

CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration

An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.

CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment

An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.

CAPEC-550: Install New Service

When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.

CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service

When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.

CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.

CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers

When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.

CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable

An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.

CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File

An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.

CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot

An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.

CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon

Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.

CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software

An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.