Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-113
AllowedImproper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Incomplete
The product receives data from an HTTP agent/component (e.g., web server, proxy, browser, etc.), but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes CR and LF characters before the data is included in outgoing HTTP headers.
104 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2018-1067 (GCVE-0-2018-1067)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2018-05-21 17:00 – Updated: 2024-08-05 03:51
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
In Undertow before versions 7.1.2.CR1, 7.1.2.GA it was found that the fix for CVE-2016-4993 was incomplete and Undertow web server is vulnerable to the injection of arbitrary HTTP headers, and also response splitting, due to insufficient sanitization and validation of user input before the input is used as part of an HTTP header value.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CWE
Assigner
redhat
CNA
References
7 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:1248 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:1251 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:2643 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:1247 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:1249 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:0877 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
Date Public
2018-03-01 00:00
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CVE-2017-12309 (GCVE-0-2017-12309)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2017-11-16 07:00 – Updated: 2024-08-05 18:36
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A vulnerability in the Cisco Email Security Appliance (ESA) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to conduct a HTTP response splitting attack. The vulnerability is due to the failure of the application or its environment to properly sanitize input values. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by injecting malicious HTTP headers, controlling the response body, or splitting the response into multiple responses. An exploit could allow the attacker to perform cross-site scripting attacks, cross-user defacement, web cache poisoning, and similar exploits. Cisco Bug IDs: CSCvf16705.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
Assigner
cisco
CNA
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1039831 | vdb-entryx_refsource_SECTRACK |
| http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/101928 | vdb-entryx_refsource_BID |
| https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/C… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n/a | Cisco Email Security Appliance |
Affected:
Cisco Email Security Appliance
|
Date Public
2017-11-16 00:00
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CVE-2017-12308 (GCVE-0-2017-12308)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2018-01-18 06:00 – Updated: 2024-12-02 21:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A vulnerability in the web framework of Cisco Small Business Managed Switches software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to conduct an HTTP response splitting attack against a user of the web interface of an affected system. The vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation of some parameters that are passed to the web server of the affected system. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by convincing a user to follow a malicious link or by intercepting a user request and injecting malicious code into the request. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary script code in the context of the affected web interface or allow the attacker to access sensitive browser-based information. This vulnerability affects the following Cisco Small Business 300 and 500 Series Managed Switches: Cisco 350 Series Managed Switches, Cisco 350X Series Stackable Managed Switches, Cisco 550X Series Stackable Managed Switches, Cisco ESW2 Series Advanced Switches, Cisco Small Business 300 Series Managed Switches, Cisco Small Business 500 Series Stackable Managed Switches. Cisco Bug IDs: CSCvg29980.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-12-02 18:55 UTC
CWE
Assigner
cisco
CNA
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/C… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n/a | Cisco Small Business 300 and 500 Series Managed Switches |
Affected:
Cisco Small Business 300 and 500 Series Managed Switches
|
Date Public
2018-01-18 00:00
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CVE-2017-7528 (GCVE-0-2017-7528)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2018-08-22 16:00 – Updated: 2024-08-05 16:04
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Ansible Tower as shipped with Red Hat CloudForms Management Engine 5 is vulnerable to CRLF Injection. It was found that X-Forwarded-For header allows internal servers to deploy other systems (using callback).
Severity
5.2 (Medium)
CWE
Assigner
redhat
CNA
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105143 | vdb-entryx_refsource_BID |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Ansible Tower |
Affected:
As shipped with Red Hat CloudForms Management Engine 5
|
Date Public
2018-08-22 00:00
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Mitigation
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Construct HTTP headers very carefully, avoiding the use of non-validated input data.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. If an input does not strictly conform to specifications, reject it or transform it into something that conforms.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation MIT-30
Implementation
Strategy: Output Encoding
Use and specify an output encoding that can be handled by the downstream component that is reading the output. Common encodings include ISO-8859-1, UTF-7, and UTF-8. When an encoding is not specified, a downstream component may choose a different encoding, either by assuming a default encoding or automatically inferring which encoding is being used, which can be erroneous. When the encodings are inconsistent, the downstream component might treat some character or byte sequences as special, even if they are not special in the original encoding. Attackers might then be able to exploit this discrepancy and conduct injection attacks; they even might be able to bypass protection mechanisms that assume the original encoding is also being used by the downstream component.
Mitigation MIT-20
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
CAPEC-105: HTTP Request Splitting
An adversary abuses the flexibility and discrepancies in the parsing and interpretation of HTTP Request messages by different intermediary HTTP agents (e.g., load balancer, reverse proxy, web caching proxies, application firewalls, etc.) to split a single HTTP request into multiple unauthorized and malicious HTTP requests to a back-end HTTP agent (e.g., web server).
See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.
CAPEC-31: Accessing/Intercepting/Modifying HTTP Cookies
This attack relies on the use of HTTP Cookies to store credentials, state information and other critical data on client systems. There are several different forms of this attack. The first form of this attack involves accessing HTTP Cookies to mine for potentially sensitive data contained therein. The second form involves intercepting this data as it is transmitted from client to server. This intercepted information is then used by the adversary to impersonate the remote user/session. The third form is when the cookie's content is modified by the adversary before it is sent back to the server. Here the adversary seeks to convince the target server to operate on this falsified information.
CAPEC-34: HTTP Response Splitting
An adversary manipulates and injects malicious content, in the form of secret unauthorized HTTP responses, into a single HTTP response from a vulnerable or compromised back-end HTTP agent (e.g., web server) or into an already spoofed HTTP response from an adversary controlled domain/site.
See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.
CAPEC-85: AJAX Footprinting
This attack utilizes the frequent client-server roundtrips in Ajax conversation to scan a system. While Ajax does not open up new vulnerabilities per se, it does optimize them from an attacker point of view. A common first step for an attacker is to footprint the target environment to understand what attacks will work. Since footprinting relies on enumeration, the conversational pattern of rapid, multiple requests and responses that are typical in Ajax applications enable an attacker to look for many vulnerabilities, well-known ports, network locations and so on. The knowledge gained through Ajax fingerprinting can be used to support other attacks, such as XSS.